扩展路径低温ECAP及时效热处理对Cu0.6Cr合金的组织和性能影响

采用光学显微镜和X射线衍射仪对Cu0.6Cr合金经低温扩展路径等通道转角挤压（ECAP）后的组织演变规律进行了研究。采用扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪研究了Cu0.6Cr合金经不同时效热处理条件后的晶粒大小、析出相分布规律和断裂特征。并且分别测试了合金经低温ECAP和低温ECAP+时效热处理后的抗拉伸强度、硬度和导电率。结果表明,Cu0.6Cr合金经低温ECAP变形后形成明显细化且相互交割的纤维组织,并且合金在变形中始终保持（111）面的择优取向。时效热处理的合金变形量越大,析出相的数目和尺寸就越大,第二相析出速率也越快。5道次合金经450 ℃时效2 h后的抗拉伸强度为568.1 MPa,维氏硬度为1624.8 MPa,导电率为82%IACS。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu/Al joints brazed using (Cu,Ni, Zr,Er)-modified Al—Si filler alloys

To design a promising Al—Si filler alloy with a relatively low melting-point, good strength and plasticity for the Cu/Al joint, the Cu, Ni, Zr and Er elements were innovatively added to modify the traditional Al—Si eutectic filler. The microstructure and mechanical properties of filler alloys and Cu/Al joints were investigated. The result indicated that the Al—Si—Ni—Cu filler alloys mainly consisted of Al(s,s), Al₂(Cu,Ni) and Si(s,s). The Al—10Si—2Ni—6Cu filler alloy exhibited relatively low solidus (521 °C) and liquidus (577 °C) temperature, good tensile strength (305.8 MPa) and fracture elongation (8.5%). The corresponding Cu/Al joint brazed using Al—10Si—2Ni—6Cu filler was mainly composed of Al₈(Mn,Fe)₂Si, Al₂(Cu,Ni)₃, Al(Cu,Ni), Al₂(Cu,Ni) and Al(s,s), yielding a shear strength of (90.3±10.7) MPa. The joint strength was further improved to (94.6±2.5) MPa when the joint was brazed using the Al—10Si—2Ni—6Cu—0.2Er—0.2Zr filler alloy. Consequently, the (Cu, Ni, Zr, Er)-modified Al—Si filler alloy was suitable for obtaining high-quality Cu/Al brazed joints.     

Enhanced Bio-corrosion Resistance by Cu Alloying in a Micro-alloyed Pipeline Steel

On the composition base of commercial X65 grade pipeline steels, a Cu modified pipeline steel was designed to show improved resistance to microbially induced corrosion (MIC). The mechanical properties of the Cu-added steel and its corrosion behavior in a soil solution inoculated with sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) were investigated in this work. The results demonstrated that Cu-added steel exhibits a good combination of strength and toughness. Cu ions released from the Cu-added steel could effectively kill the SRB attaching on the steel surface, thus evidently decreased the pit depth and diameter of Cu-added steel. Furthermore, during the long-term immersion, the Cu-rich film formed by the enrichment of Cu in the corrosion product layer on the steel surface could also contribute to the improvement of the bio-corrosion resistance of Cu-added steel.     

热重-红外光谱联机用于Cu/AC焙烧温度确定和焙烧过程分析

通过浸渍法制备载铜活性炭(Cu/AC),利用热重-红外光谱联机分析方法对Cu/AC前驱物Cu(NO3)2/AC进行分析,探索了前驱物制备Cu/AC在焙烧过程发生的变化,确定Cu/AC的最佳焙烧温度为700℃。     

3种负载Cu2O的载体对印染废水处理的比较

以凹凸棒石、活性炭和超微孔聚氨酯为载体,用液相合成法制备3种负载Cu2O的载体,并以吸附降解罗丹明B的效果,探讨其光催化氧化性能。试验结果表明,当模拟罗丹明B染料废水的初始质量浓度为200mg·L^-1,反应时间为50min,该3种负载Cu2O的载体投加量分别为11．0g·L^-1,9．0g·L^-1和5．og·L^-1,对模拟染料废水中罗丹明B的去除率分别达到81．64％、87．21％和78．46％。5次重复使用该3种催化剂后对罗丹明B的去除率仍较好。     

模拟宫腔液体积对Cu／LDPE多孔复合材料节育器的铜离子释放速率的影响

采用溶液分析法测定含铜宫内节育器（Cu-IUDs）的Cu^2＋释放速率时,所使用的模拟宫腔液（SUS）的体积远远大于人体宫腔液的实际体积,因此推算IUDs在体内宫腔液中的Cu^2＋释放速率时需要考虑SUS体积的影响。作者制备了两种不同孔隙度的Cu／LDPE多孔复合材料IUDs,测定了它们在不同体积SUS中的Cu^2＋释放速率．探讨了SUS体积对Cu^2＋释放速率的影响规律,并拟合出了释放初期和释放稳定期SUS体积与SUS中Cu^2＋浓度之间的关系式。结果发现,在释放初期,SUS体积对Cu^2＋释放速率影响不大;而在释放稳定期．SUS体积对Cu^2＋释放速率影响很大．SUS体积越大。Cu^2＋释放速率越快。     

DDTC-火焰原子吸收光谱法同时测定铝合金中的铜和铅

以铜空心阴极灯作为光源,用火焰原子吸收光谱法（FAAS）同时测定铝合金中的铜和铅。在氢氧化钠介质中,采用氯化镧和碳酸钠共沉淀,实现了铝合金中铜和铅与基体的分离。分离出来的沉淀用浓硝酸溶解,再加入过量的二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠（DDTC—Na）,使其形成不溶的Cu（DDTC）2和Pb（DDTC）2,用三氯甲烷萃取后首先在435nm波长下进行FAAS（铅在此波长无吸收）测定得铜的含量,再加入过量的Cu（II）将Pb（Ⅱ）从Pb（DDTC）：中置换出来,此时再在相同波长下测定有机相中铜的吸光度,增加的吸光度的值即为铅的含量。本法简单快速,一次处理样品且不需要更换空心阴极灯即可同时测定两种元素。本方法铜和铅的线性范围分别为0．2—12ug／ml和0．2—13ug／ml,相关系数分别为0．9998和0．9997,回收率分别为98．91—102．91％和99．02-101．94％,测定下限分别为4．2×10^-6和5．0×10^-6,准确度和精密度完全能满足工业分析要求。     

Cu／SiO2催化剂的制备及在环己醇脱氢制环己酮反应中的催化性能

采用共沉淀法制备了不同铜／硅物质的量比的Cu／SiO2催化剂,结果表明：在n（Cu）：n（si）=1：2时,DH-0．5-400催化剂在环己醇脱氢制环己酮的反应中表现出优异的催化活性。考察了不同焙烧温度对环己醇脱氢制环己酮的影响。结果表明：焙烧温度400℃时,制备的DH-0．5-400催化剂上的环己酮得率为52．9％,高于其他催化剂。采用XRD和BET对催化剂进行了表征,根据结果,在催化剂中氧化铜是以均匀、高分散的微小纳米粒子或以簇的形式存在,结果增加了与反应物的接触机会,致使DH-0．5-400催化剂显示出高的催化性能和环己酮选择性。     

CHARACTERIZATION OF CERIUM OXIDE AND CARBON SUPPORTED Ag-Cu ELECTRO-CATALYSTS FOR ANODE ELECTRODE IN DIRECT ETHANOL FUEL CELLS

In this study, electrochemical and spectroscopic characterization of home-made CeO₂, activated carbon-based Ag-Cu electro-catalysts, and preliminary anode polarization results in a direct ethanol fuel cell test system were presented. Ag-Cu transition metal couples were impregnated onto carbon and cerium oxide supports by wet impregnation, ion exchange, and co-precipitation techniques. Wet impregnation technique was selected for further spectroscopic analysis and fuel cell testing due to its easy metal loading advantage and highest peak currents in ethanol-containing electrolyte environment. When Ag and Cu were loaded 37.5 and 12.5 wt.% onto carbon and cerium oxide by wet impregnation technique, XPS analysis indicated an appreciable amount of Ag and Ag₂O and a high amount of CuO. In cerium oxide-based samples atomic percentage of oxygen fits well with the stoichiometry of CuO/CeO₂. Preliminary results show that BET surface area and the current peaks exhibit a close resemblance (highest BET surface area indicates highest anodic dissolution current), which is thought to be due to the high accessibility of copper layers impregnated onto cerium oxide and activated carbon in H₂SO₄ electrolyte environment. Hydrogen reduction of CeO₂-based samples prepared by wet impregnation at 750°C greatly improved anode polarization and onset oxidation potential.     

层层沉积热处理法制备超薄Cu3(BTC)2膜

基于层层沉积法,引入简单易控的热处理方式在玻璃基底表面制备出高结晶度且致密无裂缝的Cu₃(BTC)₂膜,并详细探讨热处理温度、组装时间和组装溶剂对Cu₃(BTC)₂成膜的影响。FESEM分析结果显示:膜层的厚度仅为200 nm;热处理有利于获得完整的晶体结构,且高温下膜层不会产生裂纹;组装时间为5 min或10 min,Cu₃(BTC)₂ 颗粒尺寸小且均一。然而,当组装时间延长至20 min,尺寸变得不均一,膜层表面变粗糙;通过改变组装溶剂环境,可以制备出不同维数的晶体膜。