Styrene-isoprene-butadiene terpolymerization initiated by n-BuLi/tetrahydrofufury ethyl ether /sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate

Styrene-isoprene-butadiene terpolymer(SIBR)is prepared with styrene(St),isoprene(Ip)and butadiene(Bd)as monomers through molecular design,control of chemical composition and microstructure of polymer.It possesses an excellent combination of low rolling resistance and wet skid resistance and could be applied to making high performance tires.     

蜡纸脱蜡回用工艺的研究

对蜡纸脱蜡回用工艺进行了探索研究。结果表明,碎浆温度对蜡在纸浆中的存在状态有较大影响,当十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)乳化剂用量为5%,乳化温度为80℃时,可以取得较好乳化脱蜡效果。     

Controllable synthesis and catalytic activity of SnO2 nanostructures at room temperature

SnO₂ hollow spheres and rod bundles were prepared using SnSO₄ as raw material and sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) as templates at room temperature through oxidation-crystallization of colloidal spheres in different systems. The products were characterized with X-ray diffractometer, X-ray photoelectron spectrometer, transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope. Meanwhile, the catalytic performance of the SnO₂ hollow spheres and rod bundles toward CO oxidation was studied. The result indicates that SnO₂ hollow spheres with the uniform size exhibit a better catalytic activity toward CO oxidation, suggesting that the morphology of the materials has exerted a noticeable influence on the catalytic performance.     

十二烷基苯磺酸钠增溶-镁试剂Ⅰ褪色光度法测定痕量硒

在pH 2.0的KCl-HCl缓冲溶液中,硒(Ⅳ)与镁试剂I和十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)反形成三元络合物,使镁试剂I褪色,据此建立了褪色光度法测定硒的新方法。最大褪色波长为452 nm。体系的褪色程度与硒(Ⅳ)浓度在0.01~0.12μg/mL范围呈线性关系,检出限为1.9μg/L。测定2.5μg硒(Ⅳ)时,0.1 mg Fe3+、Cr2O72-,0.05 mg MnO4-和大量的常见离子可允许存在,因此一般样品可以不经分离直接测定。方法用于硫酸厂和电厂废水中硒的测定,相对标准偏差小于1.8%(n=5),加标回收率分别为99%和103%。     

SiW12/NaY固体杂多酸催化剂的微波合成及LAS降解性能研究

以微波辐射方法合成了NaY分子筛、二氧化锆和二氧化钛不同载体负载磷钨酸、磷钼酸、硅钨酸不同杂多酸的固体酸催化剂,用Hammett指示剂与紫外光谱相结合的方法测定固体杂多酸催化剂的酸度,发现SiW12/NaY酸性最强。单因子实验研究了制备条件对SiW12/NaY固体酸催化剂酸活性的影响,正交试验探讨了影响SiW12/NaY固载杂多酸活性四个因素的大小顺序为:烧结时间>烧结功率>浸泡浓度>浸泡时间,催化剂制备的优化条件为:硅钨酸水溶液浓度0.10 mol/L,浸泡时间30 h,微波功率750 W,烧结时间40 min,制得的催化剂酸度最高。应用0.050 g SiW12/NaY固载硅钨酸催化剂降解150 mg/L,pH值为3的十二烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS)溶液60 min,LAS降解率由76%提高到94.5%。固载硅钨酸催化剂对LAS的降解率明显提高。     

球磨法制备超微细蒽醌及其表征

介绍了超微细蒽醌制备方法和表征手段。该法首先是利用球磨机将商品蒽醌球磨成细小蒽醌;然后,在十二烷基苯磺酸钠的作用下使制得的蒽醌颗粒悬浮液通过物理沉降,将较大颗粒的蒽醌分离,从而获得了超微细蒽醌的悬浮液;最后分别用可见分光光度计及马尔文粒度分析仪对超微细蒽醌悬浮液中蒽醌含量及粒度分布进行测定与表征。结果表明,用本实验的球磨机制备超微细蒽醌的适宜条件为:球磨时间12 h、十二烷基苯磺酸钠用量10%。对超微细蒽醌悬浮液中蒽醌含量及粒度分布进行测定时应充分搅拌后将悬浮液静置30 min时取样为宜。本方法可制备含量高、粒径小、粒度分布均一的超微细蒽醌悬浮液。     

洗涤废水降解菌株的筛选及其降解特性的初步研究

从某高校2号公寓楼的洗衣房排污口内分离出了可以十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)为唯一碳源生长并且可降解SDBS的菌株MB1.在SDBS浓度为100 mg/L的培养基中经30℃培养3 d后,其SDBS降解率为78.2%.MB1菌株在SDBS浓度为500 mg/L的培养基中降解率可达52.8%.MB1菌株的SDBS最高耐受浓度为1 200 mg/L.用正交试验法确定该菌株降解SDBS的最佳降解条件为:酵母膏浓度为2.4 g/L、Fe2+浓度为0.000 5 g/L、接种量为4%、pH值为6.对MB1菌株进行生理生化鉴定,初步确定MB1菌株为黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium sp).     

Effect of different surfactants on removal efficiency of heavy metals in sewage sludge treated by a novel method combining bio-acidification with Fenton oxidation

The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of different surfactants on the removal efficiency of heavy metals in sewage sludge treated by a method combining bio-acidification with Fenton oxidation. Four surfactants were adopted such as anionic surfactant（sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, SDBS）, nonionic surfactants（tween-20 and tween-60） and cationic surfactant（hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, HTAC）, respectively. The indigenous sulfur-oxidizing bacteria in bio-acidification phase were enriched and cultured from fresh activated sludge obtained from a wastewater treatment plant. It is shown that different surfactants exhibited distinct effect on the removal efficiency of heavy metals from sewage sludge. The nonionic surfactants,especially tween-60, promotes the solubilization of heavy metals, while the anionic and cationic surfactants hinder the removal of heavy metals. Copper is efficiently leached. The removal efficiency of cadium is relatively lower than that of Cu due to the demand for rigorous p H value. Lead is leached with a low efficiency as the formation of low soluble Pb SO4 precipitates.     

纳米TiO2颗粒与腐殖酸和SDBS的相互作用机制

为保障水环境生态安全性及纳米技术的可持续发展,研究了纳米Ti O2颗粒与腐殖酸(HA)和十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)的相互作用,考察了p H、离子浓度对其相互作用的影响.结果表明,腐殖酸和十二烷基苯磺酸钠均会抑制纳米颗粒的聚集,增强颗粒的迁移能力.p H和离子浓度对相互作用有显著的影响.当溶液的p H接近等电点时,纳米颗粒表面带正电荷,因电荷屏蔽效应,HA和SDBS在颗粒表面的吸附量增大;随着IS的增加,由于双电层压缩作用,HA及SDBS在纳米Ti O2表面的吸附量也不断增加.最后,讨论了纳米Ti O2颗粒与HA及SDBS的相互作用机制,即可分为聚集、接近和强相互作用3个步骤.同时比较了HA和SDBS与纳米Ti O2颗粒相互作用机制的不同.     

SDBS对多壁碳纳米管悬浮液分散性的影响

以十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)为分散剂,氯化胆碱-丙二酸类离子液体为溶剂,通过超声分散处理多壁碳纳米管,制备了分散性良好的多壁碳纳米管悬浮液。采用紫外-可见分光光度法和粒径测试考察了SDBS对多壁碳纳米管悬浮液分散性的影响。结果表明,在多壁碳纳米管悬浮液中,当SDBS的浓度为1.2 mmol?L~(-1)左右时,悬浮碳纳米管的浓度最大,约为初始浓度的89%。悬浮液中多壁碳纳米管的平均粒径随着SDBS的浓度的增大而逐渐降低,在SDBS的浓度大于1.0 mmol?L~(-1)时,下降趋势变缓慢。添加SDBS后的多壁碳纳米管悬浮液的稳定性显著提高,192 h后基本趋于稳定。