Investigation on the inclusion behaviour of baicalein with β-cyclodextrin and derivatives and their antioxidant ability study

The formation of the complexes of baicalein (Ba) with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and β-CD derivatives (HP-β-CD and Me-β-CD) was studied by UV–vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence method, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and phase-solubility measurement. The solid–inclusion complexes of Ba with CDs were synthesised by the co-precipitation method. The characterisations of the solid–inclusion complexes have been proved by infrared spectra and differential scanning calorimetry. Experimental conditions including the concentration of various CDs and media acidity were investigated in detail. The results suggested that the inclusion ratio of HP-β-CD with Ba was the highest among the three kinds of CDs. The binding constants (Ks) of the inclusion complexes were determined by fluorescence method and phase-solubility measurement. Kinetic studies of DPPH√ with Ba and CDs complexes were also done. The results indicated that the Ba/HP-β-CD complex was the most reactive form.     

贝加因黄酮与不同异构体人血清白蛋白相互作用机制研究

贝加因黄酮具有广泛的生理和药理活性, 它与蛋白质相互作用机制的研究对于深入了解其药理药效具有重要的意义. 采用紫外和荧光光谱等手段对贝加因黄酮与不同异构体的人血清白蛋白复合物的结构进行了表征. 在弱碱性条件下, 贝加因的紫外吸收光谱发生了明显的变化, 说明其A环上的羟基发生了解离, 而在pH值4.5～2.0范围内, 贝加因的结构基本保持不变. 贝加因与不同异构体的人血清白蛋白作用后, 其紫外光谱吸收I带发生显著的红移, 显示出药物与蛋白质发生了特异性的结合. 贝加因对不同异构体的荧光猝灭机制主要为静态猝灭过程, 通过药物对蛋白质的荧光猝灭实验, 计算了它们之间的结合常数. 研究结果表明, 药物与蛋白质的结合常数随pH值的降低而减小, 这可能与蛋白质的结构变化有关. 研究还发现, 与不同异构体蛋白质作用后, 药物的荧光发射峰有显著的增强效应. 上述实验结果充分证明贝加因与不同异构体的蛋白质之间形成了复合物, 药物分子结合在蛋白质IIA亚域邻近色氨酸残基的Site I结合位点. 结合计算机分子模拟, 对药物与蛋白质的结合模式进行了讨论.     

黄芩素在聚-L-赖氨酸修饰电极上的电化学研究

<研究了黄芩素(baicalein, 缩写BAI)在玻碳电极(GCE)与聚-L-赖氨酸修饰的玻碳电极(PLL/GCE)上的电化学行为. 发现BAI不能在裸玻碳电极上产生明显的氧化还原信号, 但在PLL/GCE上有一对可逆性较好的氧化还原峰出现. 在最佳实验条件下, 氧化峰电流与BAI的浓度在5.0×10－7～1.0×10－5 mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系, 相关系数R为0.998, BAI检测限为4.8×10－8 mol/L(信号与噪声比S/N＝3). 配10份相同浓度溶液, 每次测定后需重新修饰电极, 连续测定10次, 所得结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.3%, 平均峰电流为1.48 μA. 这表明修饰电极具有良好的重现性. 将该方法用于BAI在尿样中的回收率分析, 结果令人满意.     

黄芩素与黄芩苷抗氧化活性差异的结构原因

黄芩素是黄芩苷的初级代谢产物,二者的分子结构差别仅在于7-位取代基,前者为酚羟基而后者为糖苷.本文通过稳态吸收光谱和循环伏安实验,以及量化计算等方法考察了黄芩素和黄芩苷的酸离解常数(pKa)、脂水分配系数、氧化-还原电位、分子偶极矩等基本物理化学性质,以及清除ABTS.+自由基活性(TEAC)的差异.结果表明,黄芩素酚羟基7-OH的酸性较强(pKa=5.4);在生理pH下黄芩素的氧化还原电位(0.32 Vvs.NHE)略低于黄芩苷,且TEAC值约为黄芩苷的1.8倍.量化计算结果表明,7-取代基对黄酮分子骨架的构型、物理化学性质以及自由基清除活性有显著影响.文中探讨了黄芩素和黄芩苷的微观和宏观分子属性与抗氧化活性之间的关系,得出酚羟基数量及其pKa值、黄酮分子骨架构型以及电子结构是影响类黄酮化合物抗氧化活性主要因素的结论.研究结果可为深入研究类黄酮化合物的抗氧化结构-活性关系提供依据.     

高速逆流色谱分离纯化木蝴蝶中黄芩素和白杨黄素

建立了高速逆流色谱分离纯化木蝴蝶黄芩素和白杨黄素的方法。两相溶剂系统为石油醚-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-水，固定相为5：5：5：5（V／V）体系的上相，以5：5：5：5（V/V）和5：5：7：3（V/V）体系的下相为流动相进行梯度洗脱。从300mg木蝴蝶粗提物中一步分离纯化得到25．5mg黄芩素和36．6mg白杨黄素。经高效液相色谱分析，纯度分别为99．2％和100％。其化学结构由^1H-NMR和^13C-NMR鉴定。     

超高效液相-二极管阵列法同时测定马陆黄仙合剂中5个成分的含量

建立了超高效液相-二极管阵列(UPLC-DAD)同时测定马陆黄仙合剂中5种成分的方法.采用Waters BEH C18色谱柱(Φ1.7μm,100 mm×2.10 mm),甲醇和体积分数为1%的醋酸水溶液按不同比例梯度洗脱,流速0.61 m L/min,检测波长采用定制波长(0~3 min,232 nm;3~7 min,274 nm;7~10 min,249 nm).一次进样,同时测定了马陆黄仙合剂中芍药苷、黄芩苷、黄芩素、汉黄芩素和甘草酸铵的含量.在测定条件下线性关系良好(r为0.9991~0.999 9),平均回收率为99.70%~100.70%.方法简便、准确、可靠、重复性好,可用于马陆黄仙合剂中5个有效成分的同时测定,也可用于该制剂的质量控制.     

光谱和电化学方法研究黄芩素与核酸相互作用的机理

在pH=3.22的NaAc-HAc溶液中,应用循环伏安法、方波伏安法、荧光光谱法、紫外可见光谱法和黏度法研究了黄芩素(BAI)与鲱鱼精子DNA（fsDNA）之间的相互作用,发现二者通过沟槽作用形成一电活性较高的复合物,fsDNA为BAI提供了一个低极性的疏水环境导致BAI的峰电流显著增强,增强的峰电流与fsDNA在7.0×10-8~7.0×10-6 g/mL浓度范围内呈正比,由此建立了一种测定核酸的新方法,检测限达到4.1×10-8 g/mL。     

黄芩素纯度标准物质的定值及其不确定度评定

为了满足食品及医药等领域的检测需求,研制了黄芩素纯度标准物质。采用液相色谱–质谱法和红外光谱法对黄芩素纯度标准物质原料定性后,利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)和定量核磁技术(Quantitative Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy,QNMR)对黄芩素的纯度进行了定值,并用HPLC法对黄芩素纯度标准物质进行了均匀性检验和稳定性考察。对定值结果的不确定度进行了评价,研制的黄芩素纯度标准物质的定值结果和扩展不确定度分别为98.8%,0.8%(k=2)。     

High-performance liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous quantification of eight major biologically active ingredients in 'Da-Chai-Hu-Tang' preparation

A simple, sensitive and specific high-performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the first time to simultaneously determine the eight major biologically active ingredients, namely paeoniflorin, naringin, sennoside A, baicalin, baicalein, saikosaponin a, rhein and emodin of the Chinese herbal formula Da-Chai-Hu-Tang. The contents of these marker substances in Da-Chai-Hu-Tang extract could be easily determined within 85 min. The assay was reproducible and accurate with overall intra-day variations and accuracy of less than 2% and more than 97.9%, respectively. Results indicate that the developed HPLC assay can be successfully utilized as a quality control method for simultaneous determination of eight representative substances in Da-Chai-Hu-Tang.     

The Biological Activities and Therapeutic Potentials of Baicalein Extracted from Oroxylum indicum: A Systematic Review

In Southeast Asia, traditional medicine has a longestablished history and plays an important role in the health care system. Various traditional medicinal plants have been used to treat diseases since ancient times and much of this traditional knowledge remains preserved today. Oroxylum indicum (beko plant) is one of the medicinal herb plants that is widely distributed throughout Asia. It is a versatile plant and almost every part of the plant is reported to possess a wide range of pharmacological activities. Many of the important bioactivities of this medicinal plant is related to the most abundant bioactive constituent found in this plant—the baicalein. Nonetheless, there is still no systematic review to report and vindicate the biological activities and therapeutic potential of baicalein extracted from O. indicum to treat human diseases. In this review, we aimed to systematically present in vivo and in vitro studies searched from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Google Scholar database up to 31 March 2020 based on keywords “Oroxylum indicum” and “baicalein”. After an initial screening of titles and abstracts, followed by a full-text analysis and validation, 20 articles that fulfilled all the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this systematic review. The searched data comprehensively reported the biological activities and therapeutic potential of baicalein originating from the O. indicum plant for anti-cancer, antibacterial, anti-hyperglycemia, neurogenesis, cardioprotective, anti-adipogenesis, anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects. Nonetheless, we noticed that there was a scarcity of evidence on the efficacy of this natural active compound in human clinical studies. In conclusion, this systematic review article provides new insight into O. indicum and its active constituent baicalein as a prospective complementary therapy from the perspective of modern and scientific aspect. We indicate the potential of this natural product to be developed into more conscientious and judicious evidencebased medicine in the future. However, we also recommend more clinical research to confirm the efficacy and safety of baicalein as therapeutic medicine for patients.