一种基于全变分技术和Lp伪范数的椒盐噪声去除方法

针对传统各向同性全变分（Isotropy total variation，ITV）去噪算法容易导致图像边缘模糊、不易保持图像细节信息等问题，提出一种基于L _p 伪范数和各向同性全变分的图像去噪方法。该方法将L _p 伪范数代替ITV模型中的L ₁范数，利用交替方向乘子算法（Alternating direction method of multipliers, ADMM）将能量泛函拆解成若干个子问题，并将差分算子视为卷积算子；然后引入卷积定理和快速傅里叶变换(Fast Fourier transform, FFT)提高算法运算效率；最后通过Matlab进行仿真实验，运用图像质量的客观和主观评价方法进行评价分析。结果表明，本文方法能够较好地保留图像的边缘特性，有效提升去噪效果。     

Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Biomarkers for Neurodegenerative Diseases

There has been an increasing prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases with the rapid increase in aging societies worldwide. Biomarkers that can be used to detect pathological changes before the development of severe neuronal loss and consequently facilitate early intervention with disease-modifying therapeutic modalities are therefore urgently needed. Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a promising tool that can be used to infer microstructural characteristics of the brain, such as microstructural integrity and complexity, as well as axonal density, order, and myelination, through the utilization of water molecules that are diffused within the tissue, with displacement at the micron scale. Diffusion tensor imaging is the most commonly used diffusion MRI technique to assess the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. However, diffusion tensor imaging has several limitations, and new technologies, including neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, diffusion kurtosis imaging, and free-water imaging, have been recently developed as approaches to overcome these constraints. This review provides an overview of these technologies and their potential as biomarkers for the early diagnosis and disease progression of major neurodegenerative diseases.     

Design of a double microprocessor‐based on‐line process control system

Abstract

A numerical technique for integrating the full Navier‐Stokes and diffusion equations through an initial value problem has been used to investigate the time development of a line buoyant source issuing in a density‐stratified environment. The basic physical features and some structures of the interactions of the motion at the intermediate mixing region are obtained. Results show that the stratification tends to inhibit the flow development of the buoyant source and to encourage the formation of a recirculatory vortex on the lower region near the source and the upper region.     

Simple image intensity compensation (SIMIC) method prior to application of distortion correction algorithms in brain diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Validation test for two cost functions of distortion correction algorithms

The purpose of this study is to design a simple image intensity compensation (SIMIC) method prior to the application of a variety of cost functions for distortion correction in diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). The synthetic dataset consists of each direction of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) made by multiplication of nondiffusion weighted image (b = 0 image) and tensor matrices. We added the effects of patient motion and eddy current distortion using translation, rotation, scaling and shearing matrices. We calculated the b = 0 image of each direction from original DTI, inversely. A co‐registration method was applied to the extracted b = 0 images of each direction based on the original b = 0 image and then, the transformation matrices were generated and the original DTI were transformed using this transformation matrix. For the DTI distortion correction, two kinds of cost functions, normalized mutual information (NMI) and normalized cross‐correlation (NCC), were used. Visual assessments and quantitative measurements were used to evaluate the results. When using the NMI as a cost function, the quantitative results showed no significant differences between NMI and NMI with SIMIC method. However, there are significant differences compared with using the NCC as a cost function. Our study showed cost function for image distortion correction with SIMIC method improved the results both quantitatively and in terms of qualitative accuracy. This method may be helpful for DTI analysis and helpful for increasing accuracy. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 25, 328–33, 2015     

基于CP分解的MIMO-OFDM系统接收信号盲检测

多输入多输出-正交频分复用( MIMO-OFDM)无线通信系统中接收信号从空间、时间、频率的维度形成多因素的阵列信号,传统的矢量或者矩阵代数的建模方法在处理多因素信号问题上显得不足,无法利用多因素间的关系,而张量分析在解决多维阵列信号处理的问题上具有优势。针对MIMO无线通信系统,结合OFDM技术,研究了张量信号的建模及分解方法,并充分利用张量信号的分解唯一性提高无线接收信号的检测能力。提出了基于CP( CANDECOMP/PARAFAC)张量分解方法对未知信道状态( CSI)的MIMO-OFDM系统进行接收端的张量信号建模和盲检测,并通过仿真分析验证了模型的可行性。仿真结果表明,在接收天线数目大于发送天线数目且各径信道独立情况下,基于CP分解的接收信号盲检测算法在误码率为10-4时,随着接收天线数目增加,信噪比可获得约5 dB的增益。     

基于摄像视频分析的降雨量测量方法

提出一种新颖的基于视频的降雨量测量方法。首先 根据雨图亮度变化特征检测雨滴;其次,为解决雨滴离摄像机距离信息未知情况下的雨滴尺 寸估计问题,在雨滴成像光度模型中融入散聚焦因素, 构建了基于亮度差和色彩张量响应特征的散聚焦雨滴判别方法;然后,根据透视成像关系计 算聚焦雨滴的尺寸并根据气象学 雨滴谱的定义来构建观测雨滴谱;最后,为抑制观测雨滴谱中的噪声,采用气象学Gamma模 型拟合观测雨滴谱,并由模型参 数计算降雨量。在不同程度的降雨环境下实验检验算法,并与雨量计记 录数据对比,测量结果较为一致。     

Topology optimization of transient problem with maximum dynamic response constraint using SOAR scheme

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering - This paper proposes a novel method for the continuum topology optimization of transient vibration problem with maximum dynamic response constraint. An...     

Numerical study on the electromechanical behavior of dielectric elastomer with the influence of surrounding medium

The considerable electric-induced shape change, together with the attributes of lightweight, high efficiency, and inexpensive cost, makes dielectric elastomer, a promising soft active material for the realization of actuators in broad applications. Although, a number of prototype devices have been demonstrated in the past few years, the further development of this technology necessitates adequate analytical and numerical tools. Especially, previous theoretical studies always neglect the influence of surrounding medium. Due to the large deformation and nonlinear equations of states involved in dielectric elastomer, finite element method (FEM) is anticipated; however, the few available formulations employ homemade codes, which are inconvenient to implement. The aim of this work is to present a numerical approach with the commercial FEM package COMSOL to investigate the nonlinear response of dielectric elastomer under electric stimulation. The influence of surrounding free space on the electric field is analyzed and the corresponding electric force is taken into account through an electric surface traction on the circumstances edge. By employing Maxwell stress tensor as actuation pressure, the mechanical and electric governing equations for dielectric elastomer are coupled, and then solved simultaneously with the Gent model of stain energy to derive the electric induced large deformation as well as the electromechanical instability. The finite element implementation presented here may provide a powerful computational tool to help design and optimize the engineering applications of dielectric elastomer.     

非饱和重塑与结构性黄土等向压缩试验离散元分析

为了研究非饱和重塑与结构性黄土在等向压缩条件下宏微观力学性质,进行了等向压缩室内试验的离散元数值分析。运用本团队提出的非饱和结构性黄土三维胶结接触模型,根据室内真三轴试验标定三维接触模型参数,进行了非饱和重塑与结构性黄土的等向压缩离散元模拟,并与室内试验结果进行了对比,在此基础上分析了其宏微观力学机理。结果表明:离散元模拟结果能较好的定性反映黄土的力学特征,非饱和黄土的孔隙比随平均应力先缓慢下降,后在屈服压力附近开始过渡到快速下降;胶结接触在达到某阈值平均应力时开始发生破坏;胶结开始发生大量破坏的阈值与压缩曲线上的结构屈服应力有很好的对应关系。