变邻域分解多目标自适应差分进化算法

分解方法是处理复杂问题常用的一种手段,而差分进化算法被广泛地应用于多目标优化问题(multiobjective optimization problems,MOP),为了克服经典差分进化算法和分解方法的缺陷,本文提出了一种自适应差分进化算法和变邻域分解方法相结合的新颖算法一ADEMO/D-ENS,该算法采用Tchebycheff方法将多目标优化问题分解成多维标量优化子问题,并利用邻域子问题的信息进行优化,基于邻域种群集依概率自适应选择邻域种群规模;同时采用概率匹配(]probability match,PM)自适应方法从差分策略池中选择差分进化策略;同时分析了算法的复杂度;最后,通过和经典的非支配排序遗传算法(non-dominated sorting genetic algorithmsⅡ,NSGA-Ⅱ)和多目标差分进化算法(multi-objective differential evolution algorithm,MODE)仿真对比,说明ADEMO/D-ENS方法可以更有效的处理多目标优化问题.     

印刷哈萨克斯拉夫粘连字符的切分方法

哈萨克斯拉夫图像文本经过行切分和列切分后,存在水平方向接触和垂直方向重叠的粘连字符。为提高字符识别率,依据字符连通域的最小外接矩形切分开垂直方向重叠的粘连字符图像块;利用判决条件:字符宽度概率密度分布图、字符图像块垂直投影的波峰数目和字符图像块垂直投影波峰的对称性,分离初始粘连字符图像块中正确的单个字符图像块和实际接触的粘连字符图像块;在允许的字符宽度范围内,寻找粘连字符图像垂直投影图的极小值点,以切分实际接触的粘连字符。实验结果表明,该方法泛化能力较好且识别率有明显提高。     

安全仪表系统的可用性分析及其定量评估

安全仪表系统的误动作给生产带来较大经济损失,如何保证安全仪表系统既可靠又可用已提上议事日程。在分析安全仪表系统安全失效概率影响因素的基础上,采用可靠性框图法针对安全仪表系统常用表决结构的安全失效概率进行了定量研究,并给出了应用示例。研究结果表明,共因失效会增加安全仪表系统发生安全失效的概率;安全仪表系统降级工作不影响其可用性;在设备逐一测试和维修的情况下,可忽略由于测试和维修危险失效导致的安全仪表系统不可用;独立的未检测到的安全失效对安全仪表系统发生安全失效概率的贡献最大。     

Presumed joint probability density function model for turbulent combustion

A presumed joint probability density function (pdf) model of turbulent combustion is proposed in this paper. The turbulent fluctuations of reactant concentrations and temperature are described using a presumed joint pdf of three-dimensional Gaussian distribution based on first and second-order moments of reactant concentration and temperature. Mean reaction rates in both premixed and diffusion combustion are obtained by mean of integration under the presumed joint pdf. This model is applied to predict turbulent premixed combustion of sudden-expansion flow and turbulent jet diffusion methane/air flame. For turbulent premixed combustion, the predicted results of temperature distribution and maximum temperature using the proposed model agree better with the experiment than that using the conventional eddy-breakup (EBU)-Arrhenius model. For the turbulent jet diffusion methane/air flame, the predicted results of velocity, temperature and species concentrations using the proposed model, the Arrhenius, EBU-Arrhenius, and laminar flamelet models are compared with experiment data. Results obtained with the presumed pdf model and that obtained by the laminar flamelet model both agree well with experiments, while results using the other models have a significant difference. The presumed joint pdf model is used to predict the NO formation process, which also agrees well with the experiment data. A unified turbulent combustion model, in which both effects of turbulent diffusion and chemical dynamics are considered, is established for both premixed and diffusion combustion, especially for the process of NO formation.     

Study of a downward gas jet in a two–dimensional fluidized bed

The study of a downward gas jet was performed in a two–dimensional (2–D) fluidized bed of sand particles under conditions of minimum fluidization and at atmospheric pressure and room temperature. The jet shifted through a cyclic sequence of left–central–right–central–left positions. The probability of the left and right jets was 40% each, while the less stable central jet occurred only 20% of the time. Discrete probability distributions of jet presence for each of the three jet configurations and an overall distribution are presented. They show that jets are dominant along the external walls of the nozzle. The depth of the downward jet increased with air flowrate in agreement with the correlation from Massimilla and Russo (1973).     

THIRD-ORDER ASYMPTOTIC PROPERTIES OF ESTIMATORS IN GAUSSIAN ARMA PROCESSES WITH UNKNOWN MEAN

Abstract. This paper deals with the third-order asymptotic theory for Gaussian autoregressive moving-average (ARMA) processes with unknown mean μ. We are interested in the estimation of ρ = ( α₁…, α_p, β₁…, β_q ), where α ₁…, α_ρ and β ₁…, β_q are the coefficients of the autoregressive part and the moving-average part, respectively. First, we investigate the third-order asymptotic optimality of the bias adjusted maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) of ρ in the presence of the nuisance parameters μ and ² (innovation variance). Next, for a Gaussian AR(1μ μ, ²), we propose a mean corrected estimator α_c1c2 of the autoregressive coefficient. We make a comparison between the bias adjusted estimator α_c1c2* and the bias adjusted MLE, in terms of their probabilities of concentration around the true value, or equivalently, in terms of their mean squared errors. Finally some numerical studies are provided in order to verify the third-order asymptotic theory.     

北京市雨水收集利用蓄水池容积计算与分析

基于北京市1984—2013年的日降雨资料,以北京林业大学林业楼及其周边绿地为研究区,设置3种用水情景(冲厕、绿地灌溉及冲厕+绿地灌溉),采用连续模拟法,分别绘制3种用水情景下雨水收集利用工程的雨水截留率、自来水替代率、供水保证率以及效益费用比变化曲线,并通过综合分析这些曲线的变化特征确定雨水蓄水池最佳设计容积(60~82 m3)。同时采用设计暴雨法计算1~5年不同重现期的蓄水池设计容积(77~248 m3)。结果表明,连续模拟法计算过程相对复杂,但可用于综合衡量雨水收集利用工程的雨洪管理效益,以及缓解水资源短缺效益、供水可靠性及经济可行性分析。     

探讨概率应用的几个典型问题

概率应用遍及自然科学和社会生活之中,科学的概率不仅应当服务于科学,更重要的是能够服务于概率应用。这里通过解决典型问题,剖析概率研究方法的特殊性,探讨概率应用的一般方法。     

一种基于混合高斯模型的多目标进化算法

目前,大多数多目标进化算法采用为单目标优化所设计的重组算子.通过证明或实验分析了几个典型的单目标优化重组算子并不适合某些多目标优化问题.提出了基于分解技术和混合高斯模型的多目标优化算法（multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition and mixture Gaussian models,简称MOEA/D-MG）.该算法首先采用一个改进的混合高斯模型对群体建模并采样产生新个体,然后利用一个贪婪策略来更新群体.针对具有复杂Pareto前沿的多目标优化问题的测试结果表明,对给定的大多数测试题,该算法具有良好的效果.     

基于部分信道信息的中继选择与功率分配算法

针对传统中继选择算法反馈开销大、信道条件利用不充分以及等功率分配算法资源利用率低等问题,在放大转发协作通信网络中,以最小化系统中断概率为目标,提出基于部分信道状态信息的中继选择与功率分配算法。指出源-中继-目的节点传输链路所能获得的信噪比受制于源-中继及中继-目的链路中接收信噪比较小者,各中继依据自身到源及目的节点链路的统计信道状态信息,采用不同的反馈策略向源节点进行信息反馈,由源节点完成中继选择,通过凸优化方法对所选择的源和中继节点进行功率分配。仿真结果表明,与基于第一跳信道信息的算法相比,该算法在仅增加少量反馈的条件下可明显降低系统的中断概率,且与同等反馈负荷下的其他算法相比,仍能获得较好的中断性能。