新型多功能城市除涝结构地下综合体开发

在我国快速城市化大背景下,"城市看海"景象频繁上演,城市内涝问题日趋突出。以往缓解城市内涝的工程措施主要致力于提高城市排水系统的设计标准,视角单一,仅关注内涝问题,缺乏并行解决城市诸多问题的考虑。据此提出一种新型多功能城市除涝结构——地下综合体,拟解决城市内涝、交通拥挤、管线入廊三大城市问题。地下综合体管廊层空间的预留可有效避免由于敷设、维修各类管线造成的道路重复开挖;交通层各运行期的不同使用功能可有效缓解城市内涝及交通压力。首次提出地下综合体结构方案,运用ABAQUS有限元软件建立三维实体模型,并进行静力分析;通过案例运用,结合水动力模型,分析地下综合体除涝效果。结果表明:地下综合体在两种运行期下竖向位移及应力均较小,结构受力合理,局部拉应力集中部位需适当加强配筋;新型除涝结构措施可显著改善研究区域内涝现状。     

Edible hydrogel from gelatin and alginate as functional low-calorie noodle

There is an urgent need to develop edible hydrogels that can be served as a main dish with low-calorie content and high satiety value, yet are easy to digest. However, the development of such hydrogels remains challenging. In this study, low-calorie edible hydrogels were prepared from gelatin and sodium alginate (gel/SA hydrogels) through a facile acid soaking-drying method. These gel/SA hydrogels exhibited excellent mechanical properties with texture characteristics similar to that of Liangpi. The sensitivity of gelatin and acidified sodium alginate to pH resulted in a high swelling ratio of the hydrogels, contributing to weight retention in a simulated stomach environment and rapid degradation in a simulated intestinal environment. These properties indicate that these gel/SA hydrogels have a good prospect of being used as low-calorie food with high satiety value and are easy to digest. Konjac glucomannan can also be incorporated into the gel/SA hydrogels to further improve their biological functionality.