交通可达性与城市经济活动的空间特征分析：以北京市为例

借助开源大数据平台，提出交通可达性及城市经济活动数据采集策略，利用全局常参数和局部变参数回归模型研究北京市六环区域内两者的空间特征.相比于全局模型，局部模型能够较好地刻画交通可达性与城市经济活动间的空间异质性特征.结果表明，私人交通可达性呈现以天安门为中心径向递减的多圈层结构，公共交通呈现轨道交通沿线区域高的特点.交通可达性与经济活动匹配度具有空间非平稳性，空间分离和匹配现象并存.西北部、中部区域空间匹配特征显著，东北部、东部区域次之，西南区域空间分离现象最为严重.丰台及良乡等分离区域，宜重视道路及轨道线网等基础设施建设工作；未来科学城等私人交通匹配，公共交通分离的区域，可考虑修建轨道线路，并增加公交运营服务水平；中关村科学城、北京经济技术开发区等匹配区域，以调整交通运营管理政策为主.     

基于符号回归算法的地铁盾构刀盘扭矩预测研究

为了提高盾构机工作效率、降低施工成本,依托深圳地铁8号线某盾构区间段工程,基于符号回归(Symbolic Regression)算法,对不同掌子面的刀盘扭矩进行了预测。分析了推力、土仓压力以及贯入度变化及换刀对扭矩的影响。结果表明,贯入度增大会导致扭矩增加,但是土仓压力的增加可能会降低扭矩。扭矩模拟数学模型具有较高精度,模型中自变量变动引起因变量变化的趋势与现实情况一致。     

Sea state estimation based on vessel motion responses: Improved smoothness and robustness using Bézier surface and L1 optimization

Floating structures oscillate in waves, where these wave-induced motions may be critical for various marine operations. An important consideration is thereby given to the sea states at the planning and operating stages for an offshore project. The most important information extracted from a sea state is the directional wave spectrum, indicating wave direction, significant wave height, and wave spectrum peak period. Among several available methods of measuring and estimating the directional wave spectrum, the wave buoy analogy technique based on vessel motion responses is an in situ and almost real-time solution without extra costs of devices. If the forms of the wave spectra are not predefined in the estimation, the method is called a nonparametric approach. Its most remarkable advantage is the flexible form, but the smoothness should be regulated. After the discrete Fourier transform has been applied to the measured vessel motions, smoothing is necessary. However, this process results in disturbed vessel cross-spectra and a lowpass characteristic of the windowing function. This paper presents a nonparametric approach for directional wave spectrum estimation based on vessel motion responses. It introduces novel smoothness constraints using Bézier surface and includes a more robust estimate using L1 optimization. Both techniques are applied to the wave buoy analogy for the first time. Numerical simulations are conducted to verify the proposed algorithm.     

钻孔法测试残余应力基础理论研究

论述了传统钻孔法测试残余应力中存在的不完善之处。并对中心有一圆孔(包括穿孔与盲孔)的钢板,在各种载荷工况下,根据实际应力场与直角应变花测试的实际情况,用弹塑性FEM算得各种工况下的结点应变值,用结点数值的变化来模拟直角应变花测得数据,并计算出大量的已知应力场的直角应变花的三个释放应变。通过逐步回归的数学处理方法,建立了钻孔测试法中,残余应力与测试应变之间的关系式。     

A NEW SYSTEM DYNAMIC EXTREMUM SELF-SEARCHING METHOD BASED ON CORRELATION ANALYSIS

Inindustrialprocessesself searchingoptimumcontrolsystemshavebeenwidelyused ,becausetheydonotneedamathematicalmodel,whichhaveblockdiagram (seeFig .1) .Theprincipleistomakethecontrolsystemreachitsoptimumoperatingstatebycontinuousmeasuringandcontrolling.Thenec essaryconditionisthattheplantsmusthaveanex tremumcharacteristic[1 ] .Thekeyofself searchingoptimumcontrolishowtofindthesystemextremum pointautomati cally .Therearemainlytwokindsofself searchingmethods,whicharethecontinuoussearchingandthest…     

Solving Electromagnetism Differential Equations Based on Random Walk

An approach of solving the finite difference equations with Monte Carlo method was presented. The accuracy of algorithm is guaranteed by the Central Limit Theorem. The computation of the value on each single node is independent of each other, which makes it easy to realize the algorithm in parallel processing and greatly improves the efficiency while dealing with local area computation. As long as different kinds of boundary conditions are statistics modeled ,wide applications can the be made where the finite difference method is of competence.     

基于频域法的结构疲劳寿命预测方法研究

以Didik方法的雨流循环计数应力范围概率密度函数为依据，考虑长寿命区的S-N曲线，利用不完全Γ函数建立了一种宽带随机载荷谱下结构疲劳寿命计算的解析解法，为用频域法计算结构在宽带随机载荷谱下疲劳寿命提供了一种快捷方法。     

基于微粒群本质特征的混沌微粒群优化算法

在总结对微粒群优化(PSO)算法本质的主要研究成果的基础上,提出了基于微粒群本质特征的混沌微粒群优化(CPSO)算法.该算法用混沌搜索方法代替随机数产生器在较好的区域搜索最优解.为了提高粒子群的多样性,用由粒子邻域内若干个个体最优位置依其适应值加权平均得到的中心位置代替标准PSO算法的全局历史最优位置.然后,根据粒子个体最优位置与上述中心位置间的距离自适应地调整混沌搜索区域半径.用几个经典测试函数的仿真结果及与其它几种PSO算法的比较结果验证了新算法的有效性.     

机车对轨道横向随机不平顺的响应

本文用谱分析方法，分析和计算了机车在直线轨道上匀速运行时对轨道横向随机不平顺输入的动力响应，计及了轨道的横向弹性及轮轨间的非线性几何关系。在计算中采用统计线性化方法和迭化法，将结果与线性情况作了比较。     

基于改进BP算法神经网络的路况评价模型研究

通过利用在BP神经网络中增加反馈信号及偏差单元的网络模型,生成内部回归网络,对BP神经网络进行改进,据此得出改进的BP神经网络的具体步骤.在此基础上,结合陕西省高速公路沥青路面的实际情况建立了路况评价模型,并对该模型的具体应用做了研究.研究结果表明:网络的收敛速度很好,训练结果与实际路况结果相差很小,利用改进BP算法神经网络建立的路况评价模型不仅方便易用,而且精度很高.