急性颈脊髓损伤并发抗利尿激素分泌异常综合征的诊断和治疗

目的探讨急性颈脊髓损伤并发抗利尿激素分泌异常综合征的临床特点、诊断和治疗方法。方法回顾性分析8例急性颈脊髓损伤并发抗利尿激素分泌异常综合征患者的临床资料。脊髓损伤分级:FrankelA级5例,B级3例;损伤节段:C4～53例,C5～63例,C6～72例。8例于受伤后3～7d行骨折椎体次全切除椎管减压、自体髂骨植骨融合及颈椎前路钢板内固定术。3例于术前,5例于术后3～7d发生低钠血症,所有患者低钠血症发生后第2～10d确诊SIADH,根据血钠水平,采用控制每日水量、补钠进行治疗。结果7例经10～21d治愈,血钠平均恢复至138(135～142)mmol/L,血浆渗透压、尿渗透压、尿钠均正常;1例C4骨折、FrankelA级者,因截瘫平面上升并发呼吸衰竭死亡。结论急性颈脊髓损伤并发抗利尿激素分泌异常综合征的发病机制与治疗措施不同于普通低钠血症,早期正确的诊治能降低患者病残率和死亡率,严格控制入液量及补钠为主要治疗方法。     

促黄体生成素基因免疫对前列腺增生模型鼠生殖内分泌的影响

目的 探讨LH基因免疫对前列腺增生模型鼠生殖内分泌的影响。方法 RT－PCR法从雌性大鼠垂体细胞中RNA扩增大鼠的促黄体素基因（LH）cDNA片段约（461bp）并克隆至T载体，获得重组质粒T－LH，限制酶酶切，酶连接，构建PCDNA3.1(-)/HbsAg/LH，经脂质体转染纯化的重组质粒至COS细胞中，通过肌肉注射构建的PCDNA3.1(-)/HbsAg/LH与前列腺增生大鼠，2个月内给药两次。结果 体外培养COS细胞，发现HBsAg与LH连接物表达较好，肌肉注射前列腺增生模型鼠重组质粒后，模型鼠LH与T的含量明显低于对照组。结论 PCDNA3.1(-)/HbsAg/LH可参与前列腺增生模型鼠生殖内分泌腺的调节。     

前列腺癌去势术前后雄性激素变化的研究

目的 :观察前列腺癌去势术前后雄性激素的变化。　方法 :16例前列腺癌病人在手术前后分别采集血清样本 ,用放射免疫法测定睾酮 (T)、游离睾酮 (FT)、双氢睾酮 (DHT)的含量 ,进行对比分析。　结果 :手术前后 ,血清中T、FT、DHT浓度有非常明显的差异 ,手术后分别下降 92 .2 7%、92 .2 6%、5 8.3 6% ,以T、FT下降为主。根据 2次测定的结果采用配对t检验方法 ,P <0 .0 0 1。　结论 :去势术后 ,去除了血清中绝大部分T、FT ,而DHT仅下降5 8.3 6% ,应当继续使用雄性激素受体竞争剂 ,阻止残存的雄性激素作用     

生长激素抗肝纤维化的作用及其机制

目的　探讨重组人生长激素 (rhGH)对肝硬化大鼠在肝功能、门静脉高压等方面的治疗作用及其可能的机制。方法　雄性SD大鼠建立肝硬化模型 ,随机分组 ,分别给予NS、rhGH (333ng/KgBW ,ip ,qd× 7d)处理。 结果　rhGH处理前后肝硬化肝组织GHR的配体结合容量 [fmol/mg ,(31± 4 )vs .(4 0± 7) ]及其mRNA量 (iOD ,pixel)均显著升高 (2 3± 3)vs.(4 2± 8) ;P <0 0 5 ,肝硬化大鼠血清白蛋白 (g/L )显著升高 (2 9± 4 )vs .(37± 7) ;P <0 0 5、ALT活性 (U/L)显著降低 (89± 15 ,6 9± 7;P <0 0 5 ) ,肝硬化肝组织丙二醛含量 (nmol/mg)显著降低 (18 7± 3 2 ,12 0± 2 2 ;P <0 0 5 )、超氧化物歧化酶活性 (U/mg)显著升高 (82 4± 10 8,10 2 9± 76 ;P <0 0 5 )、胶原纤维相对含量 (% )显著降低 (2 2 30± 3 86vs.14 70± 2 0 7;P <0 0 5 ) ,肝硬化大鼠的门静脉压 (cmH2 O)亦显著降低 (14 4± 2 0vs.9 3± 1 5 ;P <0 0 5 )。结论　药理剂量的rhGH能够促进肝硬化大鼠的白蛋白合成、改善肝细胞功能 ,有助于抑制肝组织纤维化、缓解门静脉压力。     

Changes with growth hormone treatment in growth hormone deficient children

A total of 54 previously untreated patients (15 girls, 39 boys) with poor growth due to idiopathic growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) were treated with human growth hormone (hGH), continuously up to 4 years. All of the patients had a peak hGH level which was below 10 ng/mL after at least two pharmacological tests and/or blunted physiologic hGH secretion, and their height was below ?2.5 s.d. for age and gender. After the 1st year of therapy, height velocity (HV) increased significantly when compared with baseline (from 3.18 ±0.76 cm/year to 9.17±1.03 cm/year; P <0.001), declined during the 2nd year and then remained significantly higher than pretreatment HV. When considering improvement in height expressed by height standard deviation score (SDS), during the therapy all of the patients showed a significant gain ± 1.72±1.09 (from ?4.11±0.61 to ?2.21±0.48). The height values were significantly higher than pretreatment, but remained below ?2 s.d. after 4 years of hGH therapy in our patients. Increased height velocity has been sustained, but height improvement after therapy was inversely correlated to height SDS for chronological age of patients at the start of therapy. In conclusion post-treatment height has been shown to be related to height deficit at the beginning of therapy. Therapy was well tolerated with no local or systemic adverse effects or acceleration of bone age.     

生长激素治疗对GHD患儿免疫功能的影响

对生长激素缺乏症（GHD）患儿生长激素（GH）治疗前后的免疫功能改变进行了观察。结果显示：（1）GHD患儿NK细胞活性明显降低，经GH治疗3个月后恢复到正常水平；（2）GHD患儿治疗前IL－1a和IL－2活性偏低，治疗后两者有逐渐增高的趋势；（3）治疗前后CD细胞亚群、sIL－2R和LPS诱生的TNFa含量均无明显变化。认为GH缺乏症患儿存在一定的免疫功能缺陷，而GH有调节其免疫功能的作用。     

Graves病患者血甲状旁腺激素、钙、磷、碱性磷酸酶基础值的观察

对照观察了28例Graves病患者及29名正常人血浆甲状旁腺激素、(PTH)血钙、血磷、碱性磷酸酶的基础值。Graves病组血碱性磷酸酶明显高于对照组,而PTH、钙、磷无显著差异。Graves病组血钙>2.75mmol/L者占21%,与某些文献大致相符。正常组血钙与PTH基础值间呈负相关,而Graves病组该两值间无相关,提示Graves病时血钙浓度的平衡调节中PTH以外的因素如甲状腺激素等可能对其影响较大。     

A case of polycythemia vera complicated by chronic renal failure under hemodialysis requiring parathyroidectomy for secondary hyperparathyroidisim

A case of polycythemia vera complicated by chronic renal failure under maintenance hemodialysis requiring parathyroidectory (PTH) for secondary hyperparathyroidism (2° HPT) is reported. A 62 year old female presented with 75000 white blood cells (WBC)/μl, 703×10⁴ red blood cells (RBC)/μl, 23×10⁴ platelets (PLT)/μl, hyperuricemia and hypertension in 1970 and the diagnosis of polycythemia vera was made. Hemodialysis was started in October 1974 for chronic renal failure. Blood cells in peripheral blood rapidly decreased in number after the beginning of dialysis, reaching the level of 10000∼20000 WBC/μl, and 150∼250×10⁴RBC/μl. In August 1988, marked bone resorption in X-ray picture and high serum alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone (PTH) noted along with 17400 WBC/μl, 370×10⁴RBC/μl and 35.9×10⁴PLT/μl. After subtotal PTX removing 3.21g parathyroid gland, serum PTH rapidly fell. At 3 months after PTX, WBC rose to 23600/μl, RBC 372×10⁴/μl and PLT 94.0×10⁴/μl. At 6 months, WBC was to 31000/μl, RBC 429×10⁴/μl and PLT 78.0×10⁴/μl, suggesting an inhibitory action of PTH on not only RBC, but also WBC and PLT.     

血清保存方法对促甲状腺激素结果的影响观察

目的 :观察血清保存方法对促甲状腺激素 (TSH)结果的影响。方法 :将甲状腺功能正常、异常患者共 10份血清 ,采用不同血清量、不同条件分组保存后测定 TSH。结果 :保存方法对 TSH结果有一定的影响。结论 :用于 TSH血清的保存量要多、要密封管口、低温保存。