Selecting and assessing social objectives for Australian fisheries management

This paper details Australian research that developed tools to assist fisheries managers and government agencies in engaging with the social dimension of industry and community welfare in fisheries management. These tools are in the form of objectives and indicators. These highlight the social dimensions and the effects of management plans and policy implementation on fishing industries and associated communities, while also taking into account the primacy of ecological imperatives. The deployment of these objectives and indicators initially provides a benchmark and, over the life of a management plan, can subsequently be used to identify trends in effects on a variety of social and economic elements that may be objectives in the management of a fishery. It is acknowledged that the degree to which factors can be monitored will be dependent upon resources of management agencies, however these frameworks provide a method for effectively monitoring and measuring change in the social dimension of fisheries management.Essentially, the work discussed in this paper provides fisheries management with the means to both track and begin to understand the effects of government policy and management plans on the social dimension of the fishing industry and its associated communities. Such tools allow the consideration of these elements, within an evidence base, into policy arrangements, and consequently provide an invaluable contribution to the ability to address resilience and sustainability of fishing industries and associated communities.     

利用MPI实现多幅点云ICP并行配准

迭代最近点算法（ICP）是一种用于点云精确配准的经典算法。针对多幅点云进行ICP配准存在耗时多、效率低的问题,本文利用消息传递接口MPI对多幅点云进行分批并行配准。首先并行求解相邻两幅点云的相邻变换矩阵,然后计算每幅点云在当前批次的局部变换矩阵,最后获得每幅点云的全局变换矩阵。本文以DELL PowerEdge R730服务器为计算平台,对空间点总规模达四千多万的65幅点云进行了分批并行配准。试验结果表明：利用MPI对多幅点云进行分批处理可显著加快配准速度,最优进程数为计算机的核数时,加速比为5.3。     

A-C复合交联剂的合成及其应用

合成了3种交联剂:柠檬酸铝、柠檬酸铬、A-C复合交联剂,利用傅立叶红外光谱、紫外光谱对它们进行了表征,并将其用于清水和处理后油田采出污水配制HPAM型聚合物弱凝胶的对比实验。实验表明:A-C复合交联剂用于油田采出污水配制的聚合物弱凝胶的成胶效果最优;当pH值为6、成胶温度为60℃、成胶时间为1 d时所配制的弱凝胶黏度最大,其黏度值达到1 129 mPa.s。随后考察了A-C复合交联剂浓度、成胶温度、矿化度、pH值、S2-及Fe2+等因素对A-C复合交联剂弱凝胶体系黏度的影响效果,结果表明:A-C复合交联剂基本上可用于油田处理后污水配制弱凝胶体系,有望实现油田处理后污水的资源化利用。     

含砾石土壤降雨入渗过程模拟

在室内模拟降雨试验的基础上,利用多重相互作用连续体(MINC)组件,对含砾石土壤降雨入渗过程进行了数值模拟,以期深入理解含砾石土壤中的水土过程.研究结果表明,土壤中砾石的存在能够导致土壤水分饱和度增加,使得土壤总入渗量以及降雨入渗深度降低.含砾石土壤中存在一个陡的湿润锋面,在湿润锋面上土壤水分饱和度急剧下降.MINC组件可以很好地模拟含砾石土壤降雨入渗过程,其对含砾石土壤湿润锋和土壤含水率变化的模拟值与实测值吻合较好.降雨期间土壤水分饱和度沿土壤剖面的变化可用来解释含砾石土壤降雨入渗深度降低的原因.     

REDD+ readiness process in Cameroon: an analysis of multi-stakeholder perspectives

Cameroon has been a keen participant in Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation plus conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of carbon stocks (REDD+) negotiations since 2005 and has engaged in activities to enhance the implementation of REDD+. This article reviews progress on REDD+ readiness in Cameroon based on a multiple REDD+ functions framework. Results show that some progress has been made in terms of planning and coordination, institutional development, and the development of some REDD+ projects. Absence of a legal framework, inadequate procedures for stakeholder participation, slow progress in the development of a national strategy, monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) challenges, and weak financing remain prominent constraints. Despite having one of the slowest REDD Readiness Preparation Proposal (R-PP) processes in the Congo Basin, stakeholders feel strong ownership because the R-PP was done almost entirely by Cameroonian experts. Some opportunities for improving REDD+ can be considered going forward, including the establishment of procedures for a broader participatory process, speeding up the operationalization of the National Observatory on Climate Change, making use of the ongoing forestry law reform, consideration of a carbon concessions concept, tapping from international initiatives to build on MRV, and improving benefit sharing and financing through the development of an appropriate and decentralized mechanism. Enhancing these opportunities is fundamental for successful REDD+ implementation in Cameroon.

Policy relevance

This article offers a new multidimensional approach to assessing the REDD+ readiness process in Cameroon. This critical assessment, which is done using six key functions, provides an opportunity for enhanced understanding of the process by policy makers, decision makers, and professionals with a view to enabling improvements in the readiness process. Furthermore, the article proffers a series of opportunities that the government and other relevant stakeholders can capitalize on to overcome current hurdles affecting the REDD+ readiness process. It is hoped that policy makers driving the REDD+ process in Cameroon will be able to incorporate the findings of this research into their strategic policy, formulated to advance the REDD+ readiness process. More importantly, it is hoped that the multidimensional framework applied in this study could be useful for assessing REDD+ in similar contexts in the Congo Basin.     

基于ECDIS的多数据源支持技术分析

利用多源地理空间数据集成和融合理论,研究了基于ECDIS的多数据源支持技术。介绍了常用的多源海图数据及其使用原则,分析了ECDIS多数据源支持技术的特点及内涵,总结了国内外常用多源海图数据集成方法,从数据可用性角度探讨了提高国产电子海图系统适用性的措施。     

复杂网络中多话题信息传播仿真研究

传统复杂网络话题传播研究,重点关注的是单个话题在网络中的传播,较少考虑多话题之间的相互影响因素。论文分析舆论传播过程中多个话题之间的竞争关系对话题传播的影响机制,建立基于复杂网络的多话题信息传播模型。通过对模型仿真实验及其结果分析表明,当引入个体信息环境影响因素后,一个话题的影响力大于舆论话题环境中其他话题的平均影响力,才会有较大概率影响到更多个体,否则只能在小范围内传播;个体对于话题记忆能力的变化在不同网络中会产生不同影响,在随机网络和BA网络中,人们对于话题的记忆越深,其传播的影响范围越大,而在规则网络和小世界网络中,较小的记忆长度能够让话题传播影响力更大;同时,在具有社群结构的网络中,度大的节点并非会一定会更多的参与某一话题的传播,因为度大的节点有更大概率获得更多的话题。     

相干能量梯度与属性比例融合在断裂构造解释中的应用

相干能量梯度体现了相干数据的振幅变化,它比较有利于突出一些细小的地质特征变化,其属性比例融合是将两个数据体按照一定比例融合在一起生成新的数据体,而新数据体能更好的反映地质特征。实例表明,与相干属性相比,相干能量梯度属性对一些细小构造更敏感,而且可以根据不同方向、时间的切片对不同走向的断层进行追踪;与常规地震时间剖面相比,属性比例融合后的属性剖面,可以在剖面中显示两种属性体的断裂构造特性,减少单一属性体的不确定性。     

A new methodology for building local climate change scenarios: A case study of monthly temperature projections for Mexico City

This paper proposes a new methodology for generating climate change scenarios at the local scale based on multivariate time series models and restricted forecasting techniques. This methodology offers considerable advantages over the current statistical downscaling techniques such as: (i) it provides a better representation of climate at the local scale; (ii) it avoids the occurrence of spurious relationships between the large and local scale variables; (iii) it offers a more appropriate representation of variability in the downscaled scenarios; and (iv) it allows for compatibility assessment and combination of the information contained in both observed and simulated climate variables. Furthermore, this methodology is useful for integrating scenarios of local scale factors that affect local climate. As such, the convenience of different public policies regarding, for example, land use change or atmospheric pollution control can be evaluated in terms of their effects for amplifying or reducing climate change impacts.     

多元权力主体实践下民族村寨的旅游空间再生产——以贵州肇兴侗寨为例

以贵州肇兴侗寨为案例地,运用列斐伏尔的空间生产理论,采用田野调查与深度访谈结合的方法,从物理空间、社会空间、意义空间3个维度审视多元权力主体的“物质－关系－情感”联结以及与旅游发展的自洽性。结果表明：1）物理空间在权力主体的更迭下得以重新规划,有助于劳动力的回流。村寨的原真性在规制的约束下得以维护,但建构的景观符号是对民族村寨的错位表达。2）对于社会空间中的冲突,当地居民采取退让不退出的策略与管理者达成空间错时使用与管理默契。威权人物寨老成为消解分歧、推动社会关系巩固与凝聚的代表。对游客及外来经营户的让渡与周全,体现了当地居民开放包容的待客之道与处事哲学。3）意义空间通过当地居民对节事、文化的情感注入,对文化惯习的传承、对乡约的承继、对怀旧物的回忆与想象得以再生产。对于处在发展上升期的民族村寨而言,多元权力主体会基于利益的共同性与社会关系的粘连性考虑,做出符合当地旅游发展与自身容纳限度的调适与让步,来适应旅游发展带来的空间变化。