三峡库区巫山新城超高加筋挡墙变形破坏及修复研究

结合三峡库区弃渣灾害的防治和回填增地,以巫山新城加筋土挡墙等实际工程为典型进行剖析,对加筋土挡墙,特别是超高加筋土挡墙变形破坏机制和过程进行了系统深入的研究。从加筋土挡墙填土物理力学性质室内试验研究入手,采用FLAC等数值计算方法,系统地研究了加筋土挡墙的应力状况和变形破坏特性。将离心模拟技术应用于超高多级加筋土挡墙(H=57m)的研究中,进行了三级加筋土挡墙的离心模型试验,对加筋土挡墙墙背土压力分布规律、挡墙面板和填土的沉降情况以及拉筋的拉力分布规律进行了详细而系统的研究。特别是精心设计出离心模型试验中三级挡墙的面板与拉筋的联结,较真实地反映了实际工程中加筋土挡墙整体复合结构的力学特性。根据研究结果,提出了巫山新城加筋土挡墙修复加固方案,编制了设计报告,并加以实施。目前,修复加固工程效果良好。　对库区,乃至全国超高加筋土挡墙的建设均有指导和示范作用。     

Modelling of oxygen and nitrogen cycling as a function of macrophyte community in the Thau lagoon

A three-dimensional model coupling physical and biological processes for the whole Thau lagoon (Mediterranean coast of France) was developed in order to assess the relationships between macrophytes and the oxygen and nitrogen cycles. Ten species have been inserted as forcing variables in the model. Plankton dynamics, shellfish cultivation impact and mineralization of organic matter are also considered, as well as nutrient and oxygen exchanges between the sediment and the water column.Simulations with and without the macrophytes have shown that the system can be characterized as having a highly structured pattern involving lagoon nitrogen and oxygen cycles. This pattern is created by the combined influence of macrophytes, watershed and oyster farming.The model has been also used to assess the total annual macrophyte production at the whole lagoon scale. Comparisons with phytoplankton production and with results from other temperate lagoons have underlined the high productivity of the Thau lagoon supported by active nutrient regeneration.     

Nonlinear Rate Dependent Model of High Damping Rubber Bearing

The accurate analysis of the response of isolated structures requires the application of appropriate models of isolation devices. The purpose of this paper is to analyse a nonlinear strain rate dependent model of a high damping rubber bearing which simulates the horizontal behaviour of the device under specified vertical load using a nonlinear elastic spring-dashpot element. The effectiveness of the model is checked by fitting the experimental data concerning three different rubber bearings. The results of the study show that the model can simulate the bearing behaviour over a wide shear strain range with small simulation errors. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Estimation of fundamental periods of shear‐wall dominant building structures

Shear‐wall dominant multistorey reinforced concrete structures, constructed by using a special tunnel form technique are commonly built in countries facing a substantial seismic risk, such as Chile, Japan, Italy and Turkey. In spite of their high resistance to earthquake excitations, current seismic code provisions including the Uniform Building Code (International Conference of Building Officials, Whittier, CA, 1997) and the Turkish Seismic Code (Specification for Structures to be Built in Disaster Areas, Ankara, Turkey, 1998) present limited information for their design criteria. In this study, consistency of equations in those seismic codes related to their dynamic properties are investigated and it is observed that the given empirical equations for prediction of fundamental periods of this specific type of structures yield inaccurate results. For that reason, a total of 80 different building configurations were analysed by using three‐dimensional finite‐element modelling and a set of new empirical equations was proposed. The results of the analyses demonstrate that given formulas including new parameters provide accurate predictions for the broad range of different architectural configurations, roof heights and shear‐wall distributions, and may be used as an efficient tool for the implicit design of these structures. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

东营凹陷地下水动力场的形成与演化

沉积盆地地下水动力场的理想模式可以归纳为对称型和不对称型两种,其中局部地下水动力单元可以划分为泥岩压榨水离心流,大气水下渗向心流,越流、越流蒸发泄水和滞流4种类型。地下水动力场的演化具有旋回性,每个旋回可以分为两个阶段:盆地沉降沉积时期的泥岩压榨水离心流阶段和盆地抬升剥蚀时期的大气水下渗向心流阶段。随沉积盆地的形成与演化,水动力场也有形成、发展和消亡的过程。东营凹陷地下水动力场在平面上呈对称性:总体上大气水由凹陷边缘向凹陷中心渗入,凹陷内部各洼陷为压榨水形成的离心流区,凹陷边缘南部斜坡带和北部断阶带以及凹陷内部中央断裂带为越流泄水区。纵向上,局部水动力单元强度及演化规律与地层的埋藏深度有关。随着埋藏深度的增加,水动力单元强度逐渐减弱。