Experimental and mathematical studies of natural convection for solid-salt dissolution in water

The phenomena of natural convection caused by a concentration gradient usually creates currents as a result of buoyancy forces. These forces are formed from the combined effect of a fluid density gradient and the body force (gravitational force). The above phenomenon was studied experimentally in a circular glass column of 0.08 m diameter and 1 m length. This column was erected vertically and filled with distilled water with a salt bag placed on top of it and partially immersed in water. The dissolution mechanism was then modelled and a finite difference method was used to solve the formulated equations by using the implicit scheme of MacCormack (Anderson et al., 1984). The experimental results and the numerical predictions are represented graphically and give compatible agreement.     

大断面交岔点失稳分析及治理

通过工程地质调查、室内围岩物化分析和力学试验 ,深入研究了围岩变形力学机制和破坏机理 .根据新奥法施工原理 ,采取了有针对性的综合治理措施 ,将围岩复杂的变形力学机制转化为单一的变形力学机制 ,使该工程得到了有效治理 .取得的技术经验推广应用于该矿井其它失稳破坏工程 ,均获得了圆满成功     

On an invariance principle for unilateral contact at a bimaterial elastic interface

This paper examines the axisymmetric elastostatic problem related to the unilateral receding contact at a pre-compressed smooth bimaterial elastic interface. The separation at the interface is caused by the action of axisymmetric stress fields of unequal magnitude, which are applied at any location of the separate halfspace regions. The analysis of the problem focuses on the determination of the zone of separation as a function of the pre-compression, the magnitudes and locations of the axisymmetric stress fields inducing the separation, and the elasticity characteristics of the halfspace regions. It is found that the radius of the separation zone can be evaluated in explicit form. In the particular instance when the loadings applied at the surface of the halfspace regions are equal in magnitude and distribution, the analysis reveals that the radius of the separation zone is independent of the elasticity properties of the halfspace regions and can be evaluated in exact closed form.     

钱塘江光缆管穿越施工技术

钱塘江光缆管穿越长度2454.15m,穿越深度为32m,穿越中采用了多项新技术、新工艺、新方法。文章介绍了导向孔对穿技术、套管技术、水下磁场电缆铺设技术、长距离泥浆回流技术、长距离穿越钻杆组合技术在钱塘江光缆管穿越施工中的应用。     

Performance Evaluation of Packet Mobile Communications through Level Crossing Analysis

In this paper the performance of a packet mobile radio network is studied inthe presence of shadow fading outage intervals.Under quite general assumptions for the medium access protocol,the probability mass function of the sequence of packets that may be lostdue to an outage interval is derived. It is seen that long sequences of lostpackets are likely to occur for typical values of the mobile speed andshadowing correlation parameters.For delay constrained sources, e.g., voice, the analysis is mainly focused atderiving the probability function of the sequence of dropped packetsand the probability of dropping. For data sources, the delay statistic isalso derived. In the latter case, the effect of finite buffer length isaddressed. Simulation is used to verify the accuracy of approximations introduced in the analysis.     

Thermally stimulated shrinkage forces in oriented polymers: 1. Temperature dependence

Temperature dependences of shrinkage forces appearing in oriented polymer samples when heated at constant length were recorded for polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene and polypropylene. The influence of various processing conditions on thermally stimulated shrinkage forces is demonstrated. A four-state model is proposed which qualitatively describes the temperature dependences of shrinkage forces in amorphous polymers.     

线性联合检测算法在TD-SCDMA系统中的性能分析与比较

时分、同步码分多址（TD－SCDMA）系统是基于时分双工（TDD）的块传输系统，它使用了联合检测这项关键技术来抵抗符号间干扰（ISI）和多址干扰（MAI）。以上行链路为例，本文分析了三种线性联合检测算法－－匹配滤波块均衡器（MF－BLE）、迫零块均衡器（ZF－BLE）和最小均方误差块均衡器（MMSE－BLE）。从理论上，我们描述了这三种线性联合检测算法的基本原理，并对它们进行了比较（包括抗干扰性能和计算量）。随后，我们模拟了不同参数条件下（信道模型、码道数目、天线数目）这几种算法的性能，并与理论分析进行对照，得出一定结论。     

基于变轴力和定轴力试验对比的钢筋混凝土柱恢复力滞回特性研究

在讨论了框架柱在地震作用下轴力变化规律的基础上,通过由变轴力柱和定轴力柱的低周交变加载试验获得的恢复力滞回曲线对比,给出了用各个“轴力变化半周”的“等效滞回轴力”修正恢复力骨架曲线,和用“等效累积滞回轴力”随时间步长调整累积强度退化系数从而修正恢复力滞回曲线的再加载刚度的建议。该建议能更有效、更方便地反映轴力变化的整个历程对变轴力柱恢复特征的影响,有利于提高钢筋混凝土杆系结构非弹性地震反应分析的有效性。     

Ti/Al Interaction and Austenite Grain Control in Crankshaft Manufacturing with 38MnSiVS5 Steel

38MnSiVS5 steel is similar to 38MnVS6 steel (EN), the difference being the addition of a small Ti content. Typical Ti and Al contents in the chemical composition of 38MnSiVS5 steel are Ti=0.020 and Al=0.035 mass%. Both elements combine easily with nitrogen, especially Ti, and it has been observed that relatively high Al levels are harmful for austenite grain size control at reheating temperatures. In this work 38MnSiVS5 steel is used to manufacture a large number of castings, varying only the Ti and Al contents and obtaining ingots with a different Ti/Al ratio in each case. The results show that abnormal growth of the austenitic grain occurs irrespective of the Ti and Al contents, due fundamentally to the partial dissolution and coarsening of TiN precipitates. However, the steels with high Al contents present worse behaviour due to the formation of a second type of precipitates, namely AIN, which quickly dissolve between 1000 and 1100°C, causing a drastic decline in local pinning forces that gives rise to more pronounced abnormal growth of the affected grains.     

三峡工地高压供电线路故障判断方法的探讨

高压供电设备故障特别是输电线路的高压接地故障对工地的影响是相当大的。由于接地故障为隐性故障，没有明显的物理现象，且若是长期接地可能会发展成较为严重的两相或三相短路故障，使系统解列运行直至崩溃；由于工地流动人员较多，还易造成电击事故。利用高压一相接地时在线路中产生零序电压这一特性来迅速判断和切除接地的用电设备，可以保证各项施工的顺利进行。