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61.
G. Inglese 《Inverse Problems in Science & Engineering》2019,27(4):439-459
We deal with the mathematical model of the incremental degradation of the internal coating (e.g. a polymeric material) of a metallic pipe in which a fluid flows relatively fast. The fluid drags solid impurities so that longitudinal scratches, inaccessible to any direct inspection procedure, are produced on the coating. Time evolution of this kind of defects can be reconstructed from the knowledge of a sequence of temperature maps of the external surface. The time-varying orthogonal section of this damaged interface is determined as a function of time and polar angle through the identification of a suitable effective heat transfer coefficient by means of Thin Plate Approximation. 相似文献
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63.
A microchannel heat exchanger with a triangular wave and symmetrical triangular wave structure was proposed in this paper. In addition, a new N-type microchannel heat exchanger was developed to balance the heat transfer performance and pressure drop. The relationship between different configurations of the N structure of the microchannel and the heat transfer performance was analyzed. The results showed that, at a high inlet flow rate, the symmetrical triangular wave microchannel had the best heat transfer performance, followed by the triangular wave microchannel and the straight channel. At the same flow rate, the degree of disturbance of the fluid was highest in the symmetrical N-structure microchannel, and an excellent heat transfer effect was observed. 相似文献
64.
The increase in the production of acid gas consisting of H2S, CO2, and associated impurities such as ammonia and hydrocarbons from oil and gas plants and gasification facilities has stimulated the interest in the development of alternative means of acid gas utilization to produce hydrogen and sulfur, simultaneously. The present literature lacks a detailed reaction mechanism that can reliably predict the thermal destruction of NH3 and its blend with H2S and CO2 to facilitate process optimization and commercialization. In this paper, a detailed mechanism of NH3 pyrolysis is developed and is merged with the reactions of NH3 oxidation and H2S/CO2 thermal decomposition from our previous works. The mechanism is validated successfully using different sets of experimental data on the pyrolysis and oxidation of NH3, H2S, and CO2. The proposed mechanism predicts the experimental data on NH3 pyrolysis remarkably better than the existing mechanisms in the literature. The mechanism is used to investigate the effects of NH3 concentration (0–20%) and reactor temperature (1000–1800 K) on the thermal decomposition of H2S and CO2. A synergistic effect is observed in the simultaneous decomposition of NH3 and CO2, i.e., NH3 conversion is improved in the presence of CO2 and the decomposition CO2 to CO is enhanced in the presence of NH3. The presence of H2S suppressed NH3 conversion, while the conversion of H2S remained unchanged with increasing NH3 concentration at temperature below 1400 K due to the low conversion of NH3 (up to 18%). At temperature above 1400 K, NH3 conversion increased rapidly and it triggered a decrease in H2S conversion as well as the yields of H2 and S2. The major reactions involved in the decomposition of H2S, CO2, and NH3 and the production of major products such as H2, S2, and CO are identified. The detailed reaction mechanism can facilitate the design and optimization of acid gas thermal decomposition to produce hydrogen and sulfur, simultaneously. 相似文献
65.
运用计算流体力学方法,采用ANSYS CFX软件对发夹式换热器的壳侧流场进行了三维数值模拟。流场计算中采用多孔介质模型对管束区域进行简化,分析了壳侧流场的速度分布,结果表明:直管段部分的流体湍流强度大于弯管段,且外层管束所在区域为高流速区,受流体冲刷严重。结合流场信息,通过功率谱生成随机激振力,采用ABAQUS软件模拟计算了湍流激振下管束的振动响应,结果显示管束的面外均方根位移远大于面内位移,且弯管部分的振动位移最大。该研究结果可为发夹式换热器的性能分析和优化设计提供参考和依据。 相似文献
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67.
针对换热网络多目标优化问题,采用目前应用较广泛的两种多目标遗传算法,即NSGA-Ⅱ和NSGA-Ⅲ,对两种算法的性能进行对比研究。案例研究结果表明,NSGA-Ⅱ算法比NSGA-Ⅲ算法运行效率更高,NSGA-Ⅲ的运行时间是NSGA-Ⅱ的2倍以上;NSGA-Ⅱ算法的应用并不严格地受限于3个目标的最大目标数量,NSGA-Ⅱ在求解大于3个目标的多目标优化问题时也可能具有良好的性能,目标数量并非选择NSGA-Ⅱ和NSGA-Ⅲ算法的严格标准。对10×5换热网络案例进行4个相关目标改造优化时,从换热网络的单一性能指标来看,NSGA-Ⅱ算法更容易获得各目标的极值。从最小年度总费用的评价指标来看,两种算法的最优方案效果相近。对7×3换热网络案例进行6个目标的优化时,NSGA-Ⅲ算法得到各目标的极值较优。从最小年度总费用的评价指标来看,NSGA-Ⅲ算法获得的投资费用和年度总费用更小。对于目标函数数量不超过3个,或者3个以上具有一定相关性的多目标优化问题,推荐优先使用NSGA-Ⅱ算法实现快速寻优;而NSGA-Ⅲ算法由于其基于参考点的选择机制,运行效率较慢,更适合用于收敛困难的高维多目标优化问题。 相似文献
68.
Optimization of tool path planning using metaheuristic algorithms such as ant colony systems (ACS) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) provides a feasible approach to reduce geometrical machining errors in 5-axis flank machining of ruled surfaces. The optimal solutions of these algorithms exhibit an unsatisfactory quality in a high-dimensional search space. In this study, various algorithms derived from the electromagnetism-like mechanism (EM) were applied. The test results of representative surfaces showed that all EM-based methods yield more effective optimal solutions than does PSO, despite a longer search time. A new EM-MSS (electromagnetism-like mechanism with move solution screening) algorithm produces the most favorable results by ensuring the continuous improvement of new searches. Incorporating an SPSA (simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation) technique further improves the search results with effective initial solutions. This work enhances the practical values of tool path planning by providing a satisfactory machining quality. 相似文献
69.
亨廷顿病(Huntington's disease, HD)是神经退行性疾病(neurodegenerative disorders)中一种单基因遗传病,由亨廷顿基因(the huntingtin gene, HTT)第一个外显子中的CAG三核苷酸序列重复扩增引起,尚无法治愈。HTT编码的蛋白产物被称为亨廷顿蛋白(Huntingtin protein, Htt)。突变亨廷顿蛋白(mutated huntingtin protein, mHtt)容易形成聚集体,具有毒性,导致一系列细胞学异常和神经元功能障碍。microRNA(miRNA)在基因转录后水平调控中起重要作用,其表达的改变与HD病理过程有关,成为治疗HD的潜在生物标志物。近年来,对一些特定miRNA在HD中调控机制及靶基因预测方面的研究可为HD提供潜在的治疗方法。本文就miRNA在HD中的相关研究进展进行综述。 相似文献
70.
带有传感器的可穿戴式医疗设备不断生成大量数据,由于数据的复杂性,难以通过处理和分析大数据来找到有价值的决策信息。为了解决这个问题,提出了一种新的物联网体系结构,用于存储和处理医疗应用的可扩展传感器数据(大数据)。所提出的架构主要由两个子架构组成:Meta Fog重定向(MF-R)架构和AWS密钥管理机制。MF-R架构使用Apache Pig和Apache HBase等大数据技术来收集和存储不同传感器设备生成的传感器数据,并利用卡尔曼滤波消除噪声。AWS密钥管理机制使用密钥管理方案,目的是保护云中的数据,防止未经授权的访问。当数据存储在云中时,所提出的系统能够使用随机梯度下降算法和逻辑回归来开发心脏病的预测模型。仿真实验表明,和其他几种算法相比,提出的算法具有更小的误差,且在吞吐量、准确度等方面具有一定的优越性。 相似文献