带整流负载时双Y同步发电机特性的分析

本文根据基本电机方程推导出双Y同步发电机带整流桥负载时的特性。同步发电机定子的两个Y形绕组移相30°电角度或者同相位,每个Y形绕组经两个三相桥式整流后相串联或并联,再加到负载上,从而可以构成四种运行方式。根据基本电机方程,导出了双Y同步发电机在这四种运行方式下位移角和换相角的表达式。因而在已知负载电流、励磁电流、发电机转速和电机参数时,可以预测带整流负载时双Y同步发电机的特性。用一台试验电机测得实验结果,并与理论分析和计算结果相比较。     

铝合金挤压模具的失效与热磨损热疲劳性能

根据铝合金挤压模具的服役条件及其对材料的要求,分析现场模具的失效形式和验证所采取的提高寿命的措施。对3Cr2W8V钢和炉外真空精炼(VHWD)4Cr5MoV1Si钢进行了全面性能与生产对比试验证明:4Cr5MoV1Si钢用于制作铝合金挤压模是较理想的材料,能够显著提高模具的寿命。通过热磨损、热疲劳试验,比较两种材料的热磨损抗力和热疲劳的抗力;并观察其微观表面形貌。     

简支墙梁工作特性和计算方法的实验研究和有限元分析

本文绘出18个墙梁实验研究结果,讨论了墙梁组合结构的受力特性和破坏形态。通过有限元计算进一步分析了墙梁界面应力状态和托梁内力变化规律。给出了强度计算公式和设计建议。供修订砌体结构设计规范参考和在设计中试用。     

温差电致冷器的可靠性研究

综合了国际文献中有关温差电致冷组件和系统的可靠性研究成果,并结合作者的实践经验,讨论了温差电致冷组件及其系统的失效模式、失效机理、寿命试验方法以及可靠性设计等问题.     

改变直流电机换补绕组接线方式以提高其换向性能

通过改变直流电机换向极绕组接线方式,改善了电枢绕组支路电流的不均衡状态及其与换向极磁势的匹配关系.从而改善了换向,减少了由电枢支路电流不均衡而产生的附加损耗,同时又简化了接线。     

磨粉机轧辊失效机理及提高使用寿命的途径

本文探讨了磨辊的磨损失效机理。用扫描电镜分析磨粉机轧辊的磨面和磨屑,提供了疲劳脱落和不均匀磨损的证据。侧磨试样发现磨辊亚表层显微裂纹,珠光体抑制渗碳体中裂纹的扩展。 经变质处理,在硬度变化不大情况下提高铸铁冲击韧性。磨损试验表明,相对耐磨性随韧性提高而提高,硬度与相对耐磨性并非线性关系,硬度与韧性相匹配的材料具有良好的抗磨性,装机试验比原材料磨辊使用寿命提高30％。     

Strength distributions and size effects for 2D and 3D composites with Weibull fibers in an elastic matrix

Monte Carlo simulation and theoretical modeling are used to study the statistical failure modes in unidirectional composites consisting of elastic fibers in an elastic matrix. Both linear and hexagonal fiber arrays are considered, forming 2D and 3D composites, respectively. Failure is idealized using the chain-of-bundles model in terms of -bundles of length , which is the length-scale of fiber load transfer. Within each -bundle, fiber load redistribution is determined by local load-sharing models that approximate the in-plane fiber load redistribution from planar break clusters, as predicted from 2D and 3D shear-lag models. As a result the -bundle failure models are 1D and 2D, respectively. Fiber elements have random strengths following either a Weibull or a power-law distribution with shape and scale parameters and , respectively. Under Weibull fiber strength, failure simulations for 2D -bundles, reveal two regimes: When fiber strength variability is low (roughly >2) the dominant failure mode is by growing clusters of fiber breaks, one of which becomes catastrophic. When this variability is high (roughly 0<<2) cluster formation is suppressed by a dispersed failure mode due to the blocking effects of a few strong fibers. For 1D -bundles or for 2D -bundles under power-law fiber strength, the transitional value of drops to 1 or lower, and overall, it may slowly decrease with increasing bundle size. For the two regimes, closed-form approximations to the distribution of -bundle strength are developed under the local load-sharing model and an equal load-sharing model of Daniels, respectively. The results compare favorably with simulations on -bundles with up to 1500 fibers.     

When the chips are down: Social and technical aspects of computer failure and repair

This paper explores computer failure as a social event by examining recorded interactions between computer users and help-desk consultants (technicians). It was found, first, that the nature of a failure was negotiated between participants rather than being simply technically evident. Failure was defined from users' perspectives, in relation to what they were trying to achieve, rather than according to technical parameters. Secondly, negotiations of failure had social consequences for both users and help-desk consultants. Both avoided being seen as incompetent and actively defended their social standing. Thirdly, such social issues sometimes took precedence over technical and practical ones. The implications for HCI theorists and practitioners are twofold: firstly, failure should be accepted as a regular part of computer use in which human–computer interaction continues even though the interface may be non-functional. Secondly, the management of failure could be better addressed if technicians were trained in social as well as technical intervention skills.     

Roll‐to‐roll manufacturing considerations for flexible,cholesteric liquid‐crystal display (Ch‐LCD) media

Abstract— Roll‐to‐roll methods and equipment to manufacture a bistable, passively driven display media on a flexible substrate have been developed. Using continuous coating techniques and equipment, cholesteric liquid‐crystal droplets in a gelatin binder and a dark layer are simultaneously coated onto laser‐etched‐patterned transparent ITO conductors on a polymeric web. Second conductors are printed with a UV‐curable polymer thick‐film ink over the active display layers, followed by slitting and chopping to complete the manufacture of display media in a full roll‐to‐roll mode. Segmented‐ and matrix‐display media can be generated using these techniques. This paper will focus on the manufacturing considerations for producing matrix‐display media.     

大规模多点测温中缩短巡检周期的一种DS18B20访问协议

针对运用DS18B20进行大规模多点测温时巡检周期过长问题,从工作过程分析了原因所在,据此提出采用报警窗口机制的新协议进行数据采集.并通过分析和实践所得数据的对比,就协议缩短巡检周期的有效性作了验证.另外,对可能出现的测温点传感器发生故障须考虑的信息处理问题,提出一种安全的应对方案.该协议运用于粮食仓储的温度检测系统现场,取得预期效果.