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G. Rekha V. Abhilash Kumar B. C. Viraktamath K. Pranathi M. B. V. N. Kousik B. Laxmi Prasanna C. Backiyalakshmi Pragya Sinha R. K. Ravindra S. Bhaskar S. K. Hajira C. H. Balachiranjeevi K. Swapnil R. Rambabu G. Harika E. Punniakotti M. Anila H. K. Mahadev T. Dilip Kumar A. Yugander K. Chaitra M. Praveen K. R. Madhavi M. S. Prasad G. S. Laha C. N. Neeraja S. M. Balachandran P. Senguttuvel R. A. Fiyaz J. Badri A. Giri L. V. Subba Rao V. Ravindra Babu R. M. Sundaram 《Journal of plant biochemistry and biotechnology.》2018,27(4):463-472
Improved Samba Mahsuri (ISM) is a popular, high-yielding, bacterial blight resistant rice variety possessing medium-slender grain type. As ISM is highly susceptible to blast disease of rice, through the present study we have transferred two major blast resistance genes, Pi2 and Pi54 into the elite variety by marker-assisted backcross breeding. The two blast resistance genes were transferred to ISM through sets of backcrosses. In every backcross generation, PCR-based markers, specific for the blast resistance genes (Pi2 and Pi54) and bacterial blight resistance genes (Xa21, xa13 and xa5) were utilized for foreground selection, while a set of 144 parental polymorphic SSR markers were used for background selection and backcrossing was carried out until BC2 generation. A solitary BC2F1 plant possessing Pi2 or Pi54 along with Xa21, xa13 and xa5 and >?90% recovery of ISM genome was selected from the two sets of backcrosses were crossed and the intercross F1s (ICF1s) thus obtained were selfed to generate ICF2s. Homozygous ICF2 plants carrying all the five resistance genes were identified through markers and advanced through selfing till ICF5 generation by adopting pedigree method of selection. Three best lines at ICF5, possessing excellent resistance against bacterial blight and blast and closely resembling or superior to ISM in terms of grain quality: yield and agro-morphological traits have been identified and advanced for multi-location trials. 相似文献
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Nitrosomonas europaea, as an ammonia-oxidizing bacterium, has a high Fe requirement and has 90 genes dedicated to Fe acquisition. Under Fe-limiting conditions (0.2 μM Fe), N. europaea was able to assimilate up to 70% of the available Fe in the medium even though it is unable to produce siderophores. Addition of exogenous siderophores to Fe-limited medium increased growth (final cell mass). Fe-limited cells had lower heme and cellular Fe contents, reduced membrane layers, and lower NH3- and NH2OH-dependent O2 consumption activities than Fe-replete cells. Fe acquisition-related proteins, such as a number of TonB-dependent Fe-siderophore receptors for ferrichrome and enterobactin and diffusion protein OmpC, were expressed to higher levels under Fe limitation, providing biochemical evidence for adaptation of N. europaea to Fe-limited conditions. 相似文献
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Sanjay Mishra Surya Prakash Dwivedi Neeraja Dwivedi Ajay Kumar Anil Rawat Yasushi Kamisaka 《Bioinformation》2009,3(9):394-398
Acyl CoA diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT, EC 2.3.120) is recognized as a key player of cellular diacylglycerol
metabolism. It catalyzes the terminal, yet the committed step in triacylglycerol synthesis using diacylglycerol and fatty acyl CoA
as substrates. The protein sequence of diacylglycerol acyltransferse (DGAT) Type 2B in Moretierella ramanniana var.
angulispora (Protein_ID = ) was retrieved from GenBank. However, a structure is not yet available for this
sequence. The 3D structure of DGAT Type 2B was modeled using a template structure (PDB ID: 1K30) obtained from Protein
databank (PDB) identified by searching with position specific iterative BLAST (PSI-BLAST). The template (PDB ID: 1K30)
describes the structure of DGAT from Cucurbita moschata. Modeling was performed using Modeller 9v2 and protein model is
hence generated. The DGAT type 2B protein model was subsequently docked with six inhibitors (sphingosine; trifluoroperazine;
phosphatidic acid; lysophospatidylserine; KCl; 1, 2-diolein) using AutoDock (a molecular docking program). The binding of
inhibitors to the protein model of DGAT type 2B is discussed. AAK84180.1相似文献
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K. Sakthivel N. Shobha Rani Manish K. Pandey A. K. P. Sivaranjani C. N. Neeraja S. M. Balachandran M. Sheshu Madhav B. C. Viraktamath G. S. V. Prasad R. M. Sundaram 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2009,24(2):185-190
Fragrance development in rice has been reported due to a 8-bp deletion in the exon 7 of badh2 gene located on Chromosome 8S. Multiplex markers targeting the functional InDel polymorphism was earlier reported for genotyping
fragrance trait, but the marker was observed to be inconsistent and difficult to use. We have developed a simple, co-dominant,
functional marker for fragrance trait, which can be resolved in an agarose gel and validated in Basmati and non-Basmati aromatic
rice varieties and in a mapping population segregated for fragrance trait. The marker targets the InDel polymorphism in badh2 gene and amplifies 95 and 103 bp fragments in fragrant and non-fragrant genotypes, respectively. The newly developed marker
was highly efficient in discriminating all fragrant and non-fragrant genotypes and showed perfect co-segregation with the
trait of fragrance in the mapping population. We recommend the use of this simple, low-cost marker in routine genotyping for
fragrance trait in large scale breeding materials and germplasm. 相似文献
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Neeraja Sankaran 《Journal of the history of biology》2010,43(3):571-599
In 1936, Frank Macfarlane Burnet published a paper entitled “Induced lysogenicity and the mutation of bacteriophage within
lysogenic bacteria,” in which he demonstrated that the introduction of a specific bacteriophage into a bacterial strain consistently
and repeatedly imparted a specific property – namely the resistance to a different phage – to the bacterial strain that was
originally susceptible to lysis by that second phage. Burnet’s explanation for this change was that the first phage was causing
a mutation in the bacterium which rendered it and its successive generations of offspring resistant to lysogenicity. At the
time, this idea was a novel one that needed compelling evidence to be accepted. While it is difficult for us today to conceive
of mutations and genes outside the context of DNA as the physico-chemical basis of genes, in the mid 1930s, when this paper
was published, DNA’s role as the carrier of hereditary information had not yet been discovered and genes and mutations were
yet to acquire physical and chemical forms. Also, during that time genes were considered to exist only in organisms capable
of sexual modes of replication and the status of bacteria and viruses as organisms capable of containing genes and manifesting
mutations was still in question. Burnet’s paper counts among those pieces of work that helped dispel the notion that genes,
inheritance and mutations were tied to an organism’s sexual status. In this paper, I analyze the implications of Burnet’s
paper for the understanding of various concepts – such as “mutation,” and “gene,” – at the time it was published, and how
those understandings shaped the development of the meanings of these terms and our modern conceptions thereof. 相似文献
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R. M. Sundaram K. Sakthivel A. S. Hariprasad M. S. Ramesha B. C. Viraktamath C. N. Neeraja S. M. Balachandran N. Shobha Rani P. Revathi P. Sandhya Y. Hari 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2010,26(4):719-727
The major wide-compatibility gene locus S5 in rice (Oryza sativa L.) located on chromosome 6 has been recently cloned and a 136-bp deletion in the candidate gene encoding aspartyl protease has been characterized to be specific for wide-compatible varieties, while many single nucleotide polymorphisms have been identified at S5 between indica and japonica rice types. In the present study, we designed a PCR-based multiplex functional marker system targeting the deletion and the SNPs for precise determination of the allelic status at S5. By deploying the marker system, the allelic status at the S5 locus in 584 rice genotypes has been assayed. A total of 116 genotypes, including 11 cultivars, two known wide-compatible varieties, 48 IRRI germplasm lines, 12 Indian aromatic rice genotypes, 37 restorer lines and six breeding lines, have been identified to possess the 136-bp deletion specific for the neutral allele at S5. The marker system was able to clearly distinguish indica and japonica alleles from the neutral allele and has been validated in a mapping population derived from the three-way cross IR36/Dular//Akihikari, which segregated for spikelet sterility/fertility. The functional marker system targeting S5 developed in the present study will be very useful in rapid identification of wide-compatible genotypes, in predicting the success of inter-subspecific crosses and in targeted introgression of the wide-compatible allele of S5 into elite indica and japonica rice varieties. 相似文献
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Ananthamurthy Nagabhushana Madhavi L Chalasani Nishant Jain Vegesna Radha Nandini Rangaraj Dorairajan Balasubramanian Ghanshyam Swarup 《BMC cell biology》2010,11(1):4
Background
Optineurin is a multifunctional protein involved in several functions such as vesicular trafficking from the Golgi to the plasma membrane, NF-κB regulation, signal transduction and gene expression. Mutations in optineurin are associated with glaucoma, a neurodegenerative eye disease that causes blindness. Genetic evidence suggests that the E50K (Glu50Lys) is a dominant disease-causing mutation of optineurin. However, functional alterations caused by mutations in optineurin are not known. Here, we have analyzed the role of optineurin in endocytic recycling and the effect of E50K mutant on this process. 相似文献30.
Rong Chen Tara K. Sigdel Li Li Neeraja Kambham Joel T. Dudley Szu-chuan Hsieh R. Bryan Klassen Amery Chen Tuyen Caohuu Alexander A. Morgan Hannah A. Valantine Kiran K. Khush Minnie M. Sarwal Atul J. Butte 《PLoS computational biology》2010,6(9)
Serum proteins are routinely used to diagnose diseases, but are hard to find due to low sensitivity in screening the serum proteome. Public repositories of microarray data, such as the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), contain RNA expression profiles for more than 16,000 biological conditions, covering more than 30% of United States mortality. We hypothesized that genes coding for serum- and urine-detectable proteins, and showing differential expression of RNA in disease-damaged tissues would make ideal diagnostic protein biomarkers for those diseases. We showed that predicted protein biomarkers are significantly enriched for known diagnostic protein biomarkers in 22 diseases, with enrichment significantly higher in diseases for which at least three datasets are available. We then used this strategy to search for new biomarkers indicating acute rejection (AR) across different types of transplanted solid organs. We integrated three biopsy-based microarray studies of AR from pediatric renal, adult renal and adult cardiac transplantation and identified 45 genes upregulated in all three. From this set, we chose 10 proteins for serum ELISA assays in 39 renal transplant patients, and discovered three that were significantly higher in AR. Interestingly, all three proteins were also significantly higher during AR in the 63 cardiac transplant recipients studied. Our best marker, serum PECAM1, identified renal AR with 89% sensitivity and 75% specificity, and also showed increased expression in AR by immunohistochemistry in renal, hepatic and cardiac transplant biopsies. Our results demonstrate that integrating gene expression microarray measurements from disease samples and even publicly-available data sets can be a powerful, fast, and cost-effective strategy for the discovery of new diagnostic serum protein biomarkers. 相似文献