用气相色谱测定植物样品中的微量细胞分裂素

细胞分裂素广泛地存在于植物组织和微生物中,对植物的细胞分裂、分化、种子的萌发和休眠等生长发育过程有调节功能。因此,在组织培养、植物细胞工程和开花植物及微生物的生长发育理论和应用技术研究中,都需要对植物体内的细胞分裂素进行测定。随着生物科学的发展,在现有测定细胞分裂素含量的方法中,生物试法准确度差,已不适于研究工作的     

VA菌根真菌元素分析的初步研究*

本文分析了VA菌根真菌二个属——Glomus(球孢内囊霉属)和Sclerocystis(硬内囊霉属)不同种的孢子或孢子果中N、C的百分数含量及比值,发现同一个种的VA菌根真菌虽然寄主不同,来源的地点各异,但孢子或孢子果中N、C含量及比值基本相同,只是培养时间长短对分析结果有影响。同一属的不同种的孢子中N、C含量及比值有差异,不同属差异尤为明显。我们认为孢子或孢子果中N、C含量及比值似可作为分类、鉴定中的一项辅助指标。     

论奇异珊瑚属(Idiophyllum)

一、前言Idiophyllum Cao,1975属的构造比较复杂,是志留纪四射珊瑚中比较特殊的类型,对这类珊瑚的详细研究,有助于认识晚奥陶世至中志留世四射珊瑚演变发展的历史。Idiophyllum属的分类位置,自建属以来,争议较多,不同的作者对它的定义范围及其系统归属持不同的看法。在陕南、川北一带中志留统宁强组中。Idio-     

植物热值测定中的若干技术问题

植物热值是指植物干物质在完全燃烧后所释放出来的热量值,它反映了绿色植物在光合作用中固定太阳辐射能的能力,也是衡量第一性生产力水平的重要指标。因此,植物热值的测定是生态系统中生产者亚系统能量流动研究的基本方法之一。一、氧弹式热量计的结构、原理和类型测定植物热值含量的主要仪器是氧弹式热量计。它主要由氧弹、金属内筒和外筒、搅拌     

部分珍稀动物尚存数目

朱鹮(中国)约十七只,加州秃鹰(美国)约四十只,毛里求斯茶隼(毛里求斯)约二十只,华南虎(中国)约一百只,考爱岛鸟(美国夏威夷)约十只,红狼(美国)约一百只,爪哇犀牛(印尼)约五十头,冠麻鸭(苏联)约三只,爪哇虎(印尼)     

水螅的肌纤维与运动

水螅属于腔肠动物,它们在动物界的演化上处于两胚层、辐射对称、有初步组织分化、无器官系统的阶段。从腔肠动物起,开始进入了真后生动物(Eumetazoa)。淡水生活的水螅较之海产水螅虫、水母和海葵等其他腔肠动物,在组织结构上更为简单、原始。它们是附着生活、但也有着各种较为简单的运动方式,如摆动、捕食、吞咽、滑动、翻筋斗等。其他如水母伞体的收缩,在水中游动,就更复杂些。甚至有人报道一些海葵可以使附着的足盘脱离外物,而进行极缓慢地爬行,这是一种极复杂的运动方式。     

酵母出芽细胞电镜观察、颜色反应与尿素酶活性的比较研究

观察了6个属的1 2株酵母菌出芽时的胞壁结构、重氮基蓝色B盐颜色反应和尿素酶活性,认为出芽型和颜色反应二者有相关性,可以说明这些属种之间的亲缘关系。     

棉酚对几种动物精子ATP酶抑制作用的比较研究

本文比较了棉酚对几种动物精子ATP酶的抑制作用。实验所测为精子细胞的总ATP酶活力;采用的棉酚浓度为10μM至80μM。20μM时精子酶的相对活力为海胆7604％,大鼠74％,家兔51.6％;40μM时酶的相对活力百分数下降至海胆52.5,大鼠35和家兔29.7;达80μM时酶的相对活力进一步下降至海胆26.7,而大鼠及家兔仅余13.2。结果表明(1)棉酚对精于ATP酶的抑制作用是依赖浓度的变化;(2)各种动物精子ATP酶活力的下降情况显示,大鼠及家兔(哺乳动物)精子ATP酶对棉酚的敏感性比海胆(无脊椎动物)要高些。这种差异性可能对棉酚在临床上的应用具有一定的参考价值。     

Endogenous Rhythms in Photosynthesis, Sucrose Phosphate Synthase Activity, and Stomatal Resistance in Leaves of Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.)

Experiments were conducted with soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv `Ransom') plants to determine if diurnal rhythms in net carbon dioxide exchange rate (CER), stomatal resistance, and sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS) activity persisted in constant environmental conditions (constant light, LL; constant dark DD) and to assess the importance of these rhythms to the production of nonstructural carbohydrates (starch, sucrose, and hexose). Rhythms in CER, stomatal resistance, and SPS activity were observed in constant environmental conditions but the rhythms differed in period length, amplitude, and phase. The results indicated that these photosynthetic parameters are not controlled in a coordinated manner. The activity of UDPG pyrophosphorylase, another enzyme involved in sucrose formation, did not fluctuate rhythmically in constant conditions but increased with time in plants in LL. In LL, the rhythm in CER was correlated positively with fluctuations in total chlorophyll (r = 0.810) and chlorophyll a (r = 0.791) concentrations which suggested that changes in pigment concentration were associated with, but not necessarily the underlying mechanism of, the rhythm in photosynthetic rate. Assimilate export rate, net starch accumulation rate, and leaf sucrose concentration also fluctuated in constant light. No single photosynthetic parameter was closely correlated with fluctuations in assimilate export during LL; thus, assimilate export may have been controlled by interactions among the endogenous rhythms in CER, SPS activity, or other metabolic factors which were not measured in the present study.     

Virulence properties of strains of agrobacterium on the apical and Basal surfaces of carrot root discs

Most pathogenic strains of Agrobacterium are able to induce crown gall or hairy root on both the apical surface (facing the root tip) and the basal surface (facing the shoot) of carrot (Daucus carota L.) root discs. Tumorigenic strains carrying mutations in the shoot inhibition region of the T-DNA (TL-DNA genes 1 and 2) are markedly attenuated on the basal surface but remain virulent on the apical surface. Coinoculation of two attenuated tumorigenic strains, with mutations in gene 1 and gene 2, respectively, resulted in restoration of virulence on the basal surface. Wild type hairy root-inducing strains can be divided into two groups: those that are virulent on both apical and basal surfaces and those that are virulent only on the apical surface. α-Naphthalene acetic acid stimulated virulence of hairy root strain TR7, belonging to the latter group, on the basal surface. Attenuated virulence on the basal surface can be explained in terms of an auxin deficiency in the basal tissues and unidirectional auxin transport to the apical surface.