骨筋丸胶囊中秦艽的龙胆苦苷的检测研究

目的:建立检测骨筋丸胶囊中秦艽的龙胆苦苷的方法。方法:采用薄层色谱法对秦艽进行鉴别,采用高效液相色谱法对龙胆苦苷进行含量测定,色谱柱UltimateTM XB C18,甲醇-水(30∶70)为流动相;流速0.8 mL.min-1;检测波长270 nm;进样量10μL。结果:薄层色谱中能检出骨筋丸胶囊中秦艽的龙胆苦苷;龙胆苦苷对照品在17.26～345.28μg.mL-1范围内,浓度与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,r=1.000 0,平均回收率为99.3%,RSD为2.5%(n=3)。结论:本方法简便、准确、专属性强,可以作为该制剂的质量控制方法。     

Toll-like receptors, a double-edged sword in immunity to malaria

Toll-like receptors （TLRs） are a central component of innate immune system and play a major role as the initiator of the innate immune responses to defend against bacteria, viruses, parasite and other pathogens. During malaria infection, TLRs signaling pathways are initialed with the recognition of Plasmodium glycosylphosphatidylinositols （GPI） and hemozoin as pathogen-associated molecular patterns （PAMPs）. And then, activation of TLRs signaling induces specific biological responses against malaria parasites invasion, However, TLRs are also involved in malaria pathogenesis and enhancement of immune tolerance and evasion for malaria infection. Moreover, malaria parasites regulate selectively TLRs expression on immune cells. Thus, these evidences indicated that TLRs have contrary roles on malaria infection. Understanding the complicated roles of TLRs on malaria infection will contribute us to design more effective anti-malaria drugs or vaccines     

A new depsidone and antibacterial activities of compounds from Usnea undulata Stirton

Usnea undulata Stirton (Usneaaceae) is a fruticose lichen used locally in ethnoveterinary medicine to treat mammary infections in cattle while human beings use it for the treatment of wounds in Eastern Cape, South Africa. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of its extracts led to the isolation and characterization of a new depsidone, 2'-O-methylhypostictic acid (8), together with seven known compounds, i.e. methyl β-orsellinate, norstictic acid, menegazziaic acid, (+) usnic acid, hypoconstictic acid, salazinic acid, and galbinic acid. The structures of the compounds were elucidated on the basis of their spectral analysis including homo- and hetero-nuclear correlation NMR experiments (COSY, NOESY, HMQC, and HMBC) and mass spectra as well as by comparison with available data in the literature. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) values of the compounds against six bacteria were determined. Compound 8 showed inhibitory activity against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus epidermidis with MICs of 31, 62.5, 62.5 μg/ml, respectively. (+) Usnic acid was most active against B. subtilis, B. cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli with MICs of 8, 8, 31, and 31 μg/ml, respectively, while other compounds exhibited moderate activity.     

WB1106, a novel nitric oxide-releasing derivative of telmisartan, inhibits hypertension and improves glucose metabolism in rats

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors usually cause severe coughing and intolerance while antagonists for angiotensin AT(1) receptor do not stimulate the production of nitric oxide (NO). NO has been shown to regulate arterial hypertension and insulin resistance. Hence, new hybrids of antagonist for angiotensin AT(1) receptor and a NO donor may have potent anti-hypertensive effect and regulate glucose metabolism and insulin resistance. Herein, the effects of [6-(nitrooxymethyl)pyridin-2-yl] methyl 4'-[1-(1,7'-dimethyl-2'-propyl-1H,3'H-2,5'-bibenzo[d]imidazol-3'-yl)ethyl] biphenyl-2-carboxylate (WB1106), a novel NO-releasing derivative of telmisartan newly synthesized, on the vasocontraction, hypertension and diet-induced insulin resistance were examined in vitro using rat aortic strips and in normotensive and spontaneous hypertension rats (SHR rats). Apparently, WB1106 induced the vasorelaxation of contracted rat aortic strips in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which depended on the activity of guanylate cyclase, a characteristic of NO-related function. Furthermore, WB1106 reduced the contractile and blood pressure responses to angiotensin II, which relied on the release of telmisartan. Moreover, treatment with WB1106 significantly reduced the blood pressure with similar potency to telmitarsan and increased the contents of cGMP in SHR rats. Therefore, WB1106 possesses both the angiotensin AT(1) receptor antagonist activity of telmisartan and the NO-releasing property of a 'slow NO donor'. Importantly, in contrast to equimolar telmisartan, treatment with WB1106 significantly attenuated body weight gains and improved glucose tolerance in high-fat and carbohydrate-fed rats, reflecting a synergistic effect of NO and telmisartan. Potentially, WB1106 may be a potent anti-hypertensive drug for treatment of hypertension and diabetes-related cardiovascular diseases in the clinic.     

pH值对IFN-α2b、rIL-2、ADM合用维拉帕米对人肝癌细胞杀伤作用的影响

目的　观察培养液在 pH值为 6 .8、7.3、7.6条件下rIL - 2、IFN -α2b、ADM及合用维拉帕米对人肝癌细胞 74 0 4杀伤作用的影响。方法　MTT法于 96孔培养板上进行杀伤实验 ,测定培养液pH值分别为 6 .8、7.3、7.6状态下 ,rIL - 2、IFN -α2b、ADM、及与维拉帕米联合杀伤人肝癌细胞 70 4 0的差异。结果　pH值为 7.6状态下rIL - 2、IFN -α2b、ADM及合用维拉帕米杀伤效果最佳。pH值为 6 .8、7.3、7.6时 ,IFN -α2b都能增加ADM抗肿瘤作用 ,但pH值为 7.6时 ,IFN -α2b +ADM杀伤效果最佳。结论　在偏硷性环境下 ,rIL - 2、IFN -α2b、ADM及合用维拉帕米对肿瘤细胞杀伤效果最佳     

椎体支柱块与经皮PKP治疗胸腰椎压缩性骨折的疗效对比

目的 比较微创经弓根椎体支柱块植入术(Pillar)与经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗胸腰椎压缩性骨折的临床疗效.方法 前瞻性研究2016年2月—2018年3月西宁市第三人民医收治的单纯胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者67例,男性48例,女性19例;年龄23～82岁,平均48.6岁.采用信封法分为Pillar组(34例)和PKP(33例),Pillar组采用微创经弓根椎体支柱块植入术治疗,共37个椎体;男性25例,女性9例;年龄23～73岁,平均48.4岁;道路交通伤19例,高处坠落伤15例.PKP组采用PKP治疗,共35个椎体;男性23例,女性10例;年龄31～82岁,平均48.8岁;道路交通伤21例,高处坠落伤12例.比较两组患者手术时间、术中出血量和住院时间,术后采用Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)和视觉模拟评分(VAS)评价两组临床疗效;比较两组患者术前、术后7d、末次随访Cobb角矫正程度、伤椎前缘高度恢复情况,观察两组患者骨水泥泄露、支柱块移位、迟发性神经损伤、邻近节段退变等并发症发生情况.结果 两组患者住院时间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);Pillar组与PKP组比较,手术时间较长[(57.19±5.20)min vs.(51.89±4.90)min]、术中出血量较多[(22.10±4.15)mL vs.(15.35±5.20)mL],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).术后门诊随访12～24个月,平均18.3个月.两组患者末次随访ODI、VAS低于术前,但术后两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞O.05).Pillar组术后7d及末次随访时Cobb角低于PKP组[11.16±1.73)°vs.(13.75±1.65)°]、[(10.04±1.50)°vs.(12.82±1.70)°],且伤椎前缘高度高于PKP组[(89.15±3.44)mm vs.(86.15±2.94)mm、(91.65±3.12)mm vs.(87.35±3.25)mm],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).Pillar组无并发症发生,PKP组骨水泥渗漏2例,并发症发生率6.06％.结论 Pillar和PKP均是治疗胸腰椎压缩骨折的有效术式,均能改善患者功能障碍情况,缓解其疼痛症状.Pillar可有效提高患者Cobb角恢复效果和伤椎前缘高度.PKP则缩短手术时间,减少术中出血量.     

肠系膜上静脉血栓形成的诊断和治疗

目的 探讨肠系膜上静脉血栓形成的诊断及治疗。方法 总结１２例ＭＶＴ的诊治经验,从病因,诊断和治疗等方面进行分析。结果：１２例均经手术病理证实,初诊多数表现为急腹症,症状和体征不相符,９例误诊,３例术前确诊,全部行手术治疗,８例治傅,４例死亡。结论该病少见,症状和体征无特异性,难以做出准确的诊断,Ｂ超和ＣＴ是较敏感的检查,对诊断有积极的作用。     

全胃肠外营养对胃癌术后患者的免疫恢复作用

作者对10例非肿瘤患者及22例胃癌患者手术前后和术后行全胃肠外营养(TPN)后的免疫状态变化作了前瞻性的观察.结果胃癌患者血清免疫球蛋白水平显著下降,CD_(?)~ 细胞百分率升高.CD_4~ /CD_(?)~ 比值下降;手术应激引起的免疫抑制在术后第10天已基本恢复;根治性手术可以提高胃癌患者的免疫机能状态;TPN可以增进患者的营养状态,对根治性手术的免疫恢复起明显的辅助作用,表现在显著升高的IgG、IgA、IgM水平,CD_(?)~ 、CD_4~ 细胞百分率,显著下降的CD_4~ 细胞百分率,致CD_4~ /CD_4~ 比值显著升高.     

奥沙利铂联合大剂量亚叶酸钙与氟尿嘧啶治疗晚期胃癌

目的 探讨奥沙利铂联合大剂量亚叶酸钙与氟尿嘧啶治疗晚期胃癌的疗效及其安全性。方法 晚期胃癌患者45例，采用奥沙利铂联合大剂量亚叶酸钙及氟尿嘧啶治疗，疗程3周期。结果 部分缓解18例，无变化17例，进展10例，总有效率40．0％。中位疾病进展时间5个月，1年生存率58．7％。毒性反应主要为感觉神经毒性(54．3％)，其次为恶心、呕吐和腹泻；骨髓抑制毒性小。结论 奥沙利铂联合大剂量亚叶酸钙与氟尿嘧啶方案治疗晚期胃癌，疗效肯定，患者耐受性较好。