建立水利工程管理运行新机制的思考

水利工程管理体制改革，是党中央、国务院根据我国经济和社会可持续发展需要，针对我国水利工作存在的突出问题做出的一项重大决策，通过改革，初步建立了职能清晰、权责明确、管理科学、经营规范、管养分离的新的水利工程管理体制。从根本上改变了过去长期形成的水利工程管理体制不顺、机制不活、经费不足、工程失修、安全不保的局面。     

东海区海洋渔业资源环境的空间聚类分析

采用空间动态聚类的方法从1987-1998年的海洋渔业数据及其对应的温度和温度梯度数据集中抽取其时空分布模式。从结果看，东海区的渔业资源密度数据和对应的温度环境数据存在一定的空间分布模式，并且随季节变化非常明显。同时，对于空间数据挖掘方法与GIS的结合在海洋渔业领域的应用也进行了深入地讨论，认为采用空间聚类方法，相对于离散的海洋渔业数据集较适宜。     

用于激光打靶实验数据采集处理和管理的微机局域网系统

介绍了一套基于微机局域网的ICF综合实验数据采集和处理系统，从基本物理实验需求的分析到系统软硬件的选择，物理测试节点的入网和实验数据的共享和管理等方面阐述了其整个建立过程，给出了实用系统的结构和其应用情况。     

Reynolds number-dependent permeability of wastewater sludge flocs

Most theoretical models assume constant permeability of wastewater sludge floc. This work shows that, at creeping flow limit with small intrafloc Reynolds number, the permeability of floc can not only be affected by floc structure, but also by the external flow condition. The three-dimensional structure of flocs using the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and the confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) was firstly probed. Then, the volumetric grid models for sludge flocs were constructed. We noted that the floc permeability could keep unchanged, increased, or decreased at increased Reynolds number (Re). Flow redistribution among channels of various sizes contributes to the noted Re-dependent permeability of flocs.     

Robustness analysis of responses of vibration control structures with uncertain parameters using interval algorithm

Variations in system parameters due to uncertainties may result in system performance deterioration. Uncertainties in modeling of structures are often considered to ensure that control system is robust with respect to response errors. Hence, the uncertain concept plays an important role in vibration control of the engineering structures. The paper discusses the robustness of responses of vibration control systems with the uncertain parameters. The vibration control problem of an uncertain system is approximated by a deterministic one. The uncertain parameters are described by interval variables. The uncertain state matrix is constructed directly using system physical parameters and avoided to use bounds in Euclidean norm. The feedback gain matrix is determined based on the deterministic systems, and then it is applied to the actual uncertain systems. A method to calculate the upper and lower bounds of responses of the closed-loop system with uncertain parameters is presented. The upper bounds of responses can be used to estimate the robustness of responses of the controlled system with uncertain parameters. Two numerical examples are given to illustrate the applications of the present approach.     

薄板坯连铸连轧工艺对铌微合金化高强度钢组织和性能的影响

首先建立薄板坯连铸连轧工艺的试验室模拟技术，并运用该模拟技术，研究薄板坯连铸连轧工艺(CSP)和传统板坯再加热工艺(TRP)两种工艺对铌微合金化高强度钢的显微组织和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明：CSP钢的晶粒细化效果不如TRP钢，两者的平均铁素体晶粒尺寸分别为8．17μm和6．30μm。在CSP试验钢板中铌的析出量较大，特别是在铁素体中细小颗粒的铌的析出物较多，沉淀强化效果较强。CSP试验钢的σ0.5和σb分别较TRP工艺低约40MPa和约25MPa，同时其低温冲击韧性较好，FATT温度较低。     

Formation and retention of local melted films in AZ91 friction stir spot welds

The formation of local melted films during friction stir spot welding of as-cast AZ91D and thixomolded AZ91 material is investigated. The average temperatures close to the tip of the rotating pin vary from 438 to 454 °C during the dwell period in friction stir spot welding. These measured temperature values are higher than the melting temperature of α-Mg + Mg₁₇Al₁₂ eutectic (437 °C). It is suggested that the temperature in the stir zone during the dwell period is determined by the relative proportions of α-Mg and (α-Mg + Mg₁₇Al₁₂) eutectic material, which are incorporated during friction stir spot welding. Based on the stir zone temperature measurements and a detailed examination of material located at the root of the pin thread it is suggested that material is moved downwards via the pin thread and into the stir zone during the dwell period in friction stir spot welding. Evidence of local melted film formation is observed in the stir zone of AZ91 spot welds. It is suggested that melted films are retained since their dissolution rate is much slower in the high temperature stir zone than it is when melted films is formed in the stir zone during Al 7075-T6 friction stir spot welding. The spontaneous melting temperature, solute diffusion rate and the thermodynamic driving force for droplet dissolution are much higher during Al 7075-T6 friction stir spot welding.     

合成2,4-二叔丁基苯酚工业试验

以离子交换树脂为催化剂，苯酚和甲基叔丁基醚为原料合成2，4-二叔丁基苯酚(简称2，4酚)，合成产物经过滤再经间歇真空精馏精制提纯，得到高纯度的2，4酚成品。成品精馏后釜中残液在酸性白土催化剂的作用下通过歧化反应生成对叔丁基苯酚，再经精馏提纯得到成品对叔丁基苯酚。通过工艺优化，使2，4酚、对叔丁基苯酚形成联产生产工艺，降低了生产原料消耗和成本。     

吉林闹枝金矿床黄铁矿的标型特征研究

从成因矿物学及找矿矿物学的观点出发，系统地研究了闹枝金矿床黄铁矿的形态、粒度、化学成分、热电性、硫同位素方面的标型特征，为矿床的成因研究和深部远景评价提供了矿物学依据。     

An alternative method to compute the component fractions in the geometrical optical model: visual computing method

A method called visual computing was used to solve angular four-components' proportions and directional vegetation cover fraction for discrete canopies and continuous row-planted plants. It proved effective to predict the angular characteristics on pixel scale. The method could be an alternative way to a classical solution of geometrical optical models. A visual computing method would be effective especially when the canopies' spatial distribution and shapes were irregular and could not be described statistically.