N,N-Bis(2-Acyloxyethyl) amides of long chain fatty acids as plasticizers

A series of N,N-bis-(2-acyloxyethyl) amides and a few related derivatives have been prepared wherein a long chain fatty acid or fatty acid mixture comprises 33 mole percent of the total acyl groups present: the other 66 mole percent being either a short chain aliphatic or aromatic acyl group. Both ordered and random diesteramides have been prepared. All have been tested as plasticizers for vinyl chloride copolymers. Some are acceptable as nitrile rubber softeners and cellulose acetate plasticizers. The ordered diesteramides give the best overall performance as plasticizers, but it is possible to achieve acceptable performance levels in semi-ordered diesteramides. Presented at the AOCS meeting in New Orleans, La., 1962. A laboratory of the So. Utiliz. Res. & Dev. Div., ARS, U.S.D.A.     

Preparation and properties of oxalic acid salts of C18 saturated and unsaturated fatty amides

Crystalline oxalic acid salts of stearamide, oleamide and elaidamide consisting of 2 mol amide to 1 mol oxalic acid have been prepared and characterized by melting point and IR and X-ray diffraction measurements. Their IR spectra are compared to those of the amides. Long spacings are reported for the crystalline salts, and both long and short spacings for these amides and linoleamide. ARS, USDA     

Methods for the determination of cyclopropenoid fatty acids. I. Aqueous hydrochloric acid method

An analytical method is described for the estimation of long-chain cyclopropenoid fatty acid derivatives. It is based upon the quantitative addition of a molecule of hydrogen chloride at the cyclopropene ring when the sample is shaken with concentrated hydrochloric acid. The cyclopropenoid content can be calculated, as sterculic acid, from the increase in chlorine content. Epoxy compounds and hydroperoxides interfere and must be removed by one of the accepted pretreatment methods. A laboratory of the So. Utiliz. Res. & Dev. Div., ARS, U.S.D.A.     

Mutual solubilities of some fatty acid methyl esters

Mutual solubility data have been obtained for methyl esters of the predominant fatty acids in vegetable oils. Binary freezing point diagrams are presented for systems exhibiting regions of metastable equilibria. Simple eutectic systems were obtained for both saturated-unsaturated and unsaturated-unsaturated methyl ester binary mixtures.     

Cyclopropenoid fatty acid content and fatty acid composition of crude oils from twenty-five varieties of cottonseed

The cyclopropenoid acid content of oils extracted from 22 commercial varieties and 3 botanical species of cottonseed have been determined. The malvalic acid content determined by HBr titration varied from a low of 0.56% to a high of 1.17%. Iodine values of the oils ranged from 96.8 to 111.6 No definite correlation could be established between iodine value and malvalic acid content. Equations for regression lines for the major acids have been calculated from plots of fatty acid composition vs. iodine value. The high degree or correlation suggests that for commercial oils the fatty acid composition can be estimated from the iodine value. Oils of the 3 experimental types of different species showed wide variations in fatty acid composition and represented many of the maximum and minimum values reported. So. Utiliz. Res. Dev. Div., ARS, USDA. ARS, USDA.     

A new polymorphic form of elaidic acid

A new polymorphic modification of elaidic acid has been prepared and characterized. The common crystalline form, mp 43.7C, is shown to be metastable. The crystals of the new, stable form have a higher melting point, 44.8C, and a lower solubility. The two modifications give distinctive x-ray diffraction patterns: stable form, long spacing 94.0Å (or possibly 47.0Å), characteristic short spacings at 4.55Å (s), 4.44Å (vs), 3.81Å (vs), and 3.68Å (s); metastable form, long spacing 48.7Å, characteristic short spacings at 4.12Å (vs) and 3.71Å (s). The short spacings of the stable form are similar to those reported for thetrans-6-, 8-, 10-, and 12-octadecenoic acils, and the short spacings of metastable form are essentially the same as those of thetrans-7- and 11-octadecenoic acids. Solubility data have been obtained for both polymorphic forms in methanol.