How the environment determines banking efficiency: a comparison of banking firms in Taiwan,Hong Kong,and Mainland China

This study uses the three‐stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to explore the true managerial efficiency of the banking firms in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Mainland China. The empirical results indicate that the environmental conditions have a significant impact on banking efficiency. When the country‐specific situations are important factors in explaining efficiency difference, the common frontier estimates obtained by neglecting those factors can generate biased and overestimated inefficiency levels. With findings obtained from the slack variable analyses, the current study can provide inefficient banks with ways to reduce their input waste through the adjustment of input allocations. The findings also confirm the importance of the three‐stage DEA and its applications in determining the true managerial efficiencies of banks. Without the three‐stage DEA, the management could be misguided when making strategic decisions and conducting inappropriate resource allocation.     

Paleyfly:一种可扩展的高速互连网络拓扑结构

高速互连网络是高性能计算系统的重要组成部分.随着网络规模需求的扩大,如何搭建更大规模的网络是高速互连网络拓扑结构设计的关键.因此,提出一种新型层次化的拓扑结构Paleyfly (PF),其结合了Paley图强正则的特性和Random Regular(RR)图支持任意规模大小的特点.相比其他新型高速互连网络拓扑结构,Paleyfly能够有效解决在路由芯片端口数受限的背景下,Dragonfly (DF)可扩展性受限、Fat tree(Ft)物理成本高、RR结构物理布局难、路由表规模大等问题.同时,根据强正则属性在路由策略上负载均衡的优势,提出了4种路由策略来解决网络的拥塞问题.最后,通过模拟器实验比较分析PF结构与其他拓扑结构及PF结构不同路由策略的性能,验证了PF结构在不同规模以及不同通信模式配置下网络延迟优于RR结构.     

基于位图传递的机会网络免疫机制

在机会网络中,大多数路由机制采用多副本传输,当消息已经投递成功后,消息副本仍然保留在节点缓存中。通过免疫机制,节点自动删除缓存中已经成功投递的消息副本,并拒绝接收已投递的消息。分析几种免疫机制,提出一种基于位图传递的机会网络免疫机制:(1)以确认位图来表示消息的投递情况;(2)节点相遇时首先交换彼此的确认位图,根据确认位图删除本地冗余消息;(3)每个节点保留一个既往消息信息,通过既往消息减少确认信息的传递。仿真结果表明,该免疫机制能简单高效地转发确认信息,及时删除冗余消息,降低负载率、平均时延,提高消息投递率。     

超声波管外压力测量装置的设计

压力是反映油气管道系统运行状态的重要参数之一,压力测量对油气管道系统的安全运行和实时监测具有十分重要的意义。传统的压力检测方法大部分是介入式压力测量,介入式破坏了管道的完整性,在高压情况下还存在安全隐患。针对介入式压力测量装置的弊端,设计了一种利用超声波测量管道压力的装置。详细阐述了超声波测压装置的原理、系统结构及软件设计。超声波压力测量装置具有使用方便、操作安全、灵活性强、不破坏管道系统整体特性的完整性等优点,并且能准确测量管道压力。     

基于曲率匹配和递归排序的自适应排样算法

为提高盘状毛坯的使用率,提出一种口腔修复加工中模型边界在盘状毛坯中的排样算法,主要包括边界匹配、多边形定位及递归排序.首先基于协方差矩阵及矩阵SVD分解算法对模型多边形进行分段,并采用等弧长曲线采样曲率匹配确定待匹配模型边界;然后依毛坯边界角度分布及沿圆周排样的思想确定模型轮廓的旋转和平移定位;最后提出一种基于包络率的递归排序算法,对在排样过程中发现的大孔洞可动态地调整排样顺序.实验结果表明,该算法可以处理不规则模型边界在任意形状毛坯中的排样,能有效地降低加工成本.     

基于迭代式动态规划的影像密集匹配

针对动态规划影像密集匹配中因匹配的整体相关性导致的误匹配点连带扩散效应问题,提出了一种基于迭代式动态规划的影像密集匹配算法。该算法在影像密集匹配过程中引入了视差方向一致性、视差突变性作为迭代判定准则,通过对动态规划匹配结果中不满足迭代条件的候选匹配点子集进行分析,在候选匹配点子集中识别出误匹配点并去除之,反复迭代直至满足迭代准则,从而解决了误匹配点的连带扩散效应问题。该算法已成功应用于嫦娥三号遥操作项目,经在轨应用的检验表明,提出的基于迭代式动态规划的影像密集匹配算法能够极大地降低立体影像匹配中密集同名点的误匹配率。     

Necessary and sufficient conditions for bounded distributed mean square tracking of multi‐agent systems with noises

This paper is concerned with the distributed control problem of second‐order agents under directed network topology. The control input of each agent only depends on its own state and the states of its neighbors corrupted by white noises. By using the algebraic graph theory and stochastic analysis method, necessary and sufficient conditions are presented for mean square bounded tracking. Finally, several simulation examples are given to illustrate the results. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A robust observer‐based stabilization method for systems with uncertain parameters and Lipschitz nonlinearities

This paper deals with the robust observer‐based control design for a class of Lipschitz nonlinear discrete‐time systems with parameter uncertainties. Based on the use of a reformulated Lipschitz property combined with the slack variable techniques and some mathematical artifacts, it is shown that the solution of the discrete‐time output feedback stabilization problem is conditioned by a set of bilinear matrix inequalities, which become linear matrix inequalities by freezing some scalars. Furthermore, we show that some existing and elegant results reported in the literature can be regarded as particular cases of the stability conditions presented here. Numerical examples are provided to show the validity and superiority of the proposed method. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Integrated adaptive robust control for multilateral teleoperation systems under arbitrary time delays

With the increasing industrial requirements such as bigger size object, stable operation, and complex task, multilateral teleoperation systems extended from traditional bilateral teleoperation are widely developed. In this paper, the integrated control design is developed for multilateral teleoperation systems, where n master manipulators are operated by human to remotely control n slave manipulators cooperatively handling a target object. For the first time, the control objectives of multilateral teleoperation including stability, synchronization, transparency, and internal force distribution are clarified systematically. A novel communication architecture is proposed to cope with communication delays, where the estimated environmental parameters are transmitted from the slave side to the master, to replace the traditional environmental force measurement in the communication channel. A kind of nonlinear adaptive robust control technique is used to deal with nonlinearities, unknown parameters, and modeling uncertainties existing in the master, slave, and environmental dynamics, so that the excellent tracking performance is achieved in both master and slave sides. The coordinated motion/force control is designed in the slave side by the optimal internal force distribution among n slave manipulators, and the impedance control is designed in the master side to realize the target transparency behavior. In summary, the proposed control algorithm can achieve the guaranteed robust stability, the excellent synchronization and transparency performance, and the optimal internal force distribution simultaneously for multilateral teleoperation systems under arbitrary time delays and various modeling uncertainties. The simulation is carried out on a 2‐master/2‐slave teleoperation system, and the results show the effectiveness of the proposed control design. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Adaptive finite‐time control for nonlinear teleoperation systems with asymmetric time‐varying delays

This paper addresses the adaptive finite‐time control problem of nonlinear teleoperation system in the presence of asymmetric time‐varying delays. To achieve the finite‐time position tracking, a novel adaptive finite‐time coordination algorithm based on subsystem decomposition is developed. By introducing a switching‐technique‐based error filtering into our design framework, the complete closed‐loop master (slave) teleoperation system is modeled as a special class of switched system, which is composed of two subsystems. To analyze such system, a finite‐time state‐independent input‐to‐output stability criterion is first developed for some normal switched nonlinear delayed systems. Then based on the classical Lyapunov–Krasovskii method, the stability of complete closed‐loop systems is obtained. It is shown that the proposed scheme can make the position errors converge into a deterministic domain in finite time when the robots continuously contact with human operator and/or the environment in the presence of asymmetric time‐varying delays. Finally, the simulation results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.