长段同种异体骨与自体活骨复合移植的实验研究

目的 研究长段同种异体骨与带血管腓骨套叠式复合骨移植体的愈合机制和规律。方法 采用健康成年杂种犬36只胫骨结节下切除3．0cm骨干和骨膜实验动物模型。随机分为实验组和对照组。实验组植入深低温保存的同种异体骨与带血管自体腓骨，对照组仅植入深低温保存的同种异体骨，均用7孔93cmAO加压钢板内固定及石膏外固定。术后1、2、3、4个月分别行X线摄片、ECT检查、大体标本及组织学观察。结果 X线示实验组较同时期对照组异体骨吸收、新骨形成明显，第4个月实验组宿主骨一异体骨接合部愈合率83．3％，对照组未愈合或不愈合。ECT检查：实验组较同期对照组骨代谢活跃，但变化规律相似，均为术后1、2个月活跃，于第2个月达高峰，第3、4个月呈下降趋势。组织学观察：实验组较同期对照组异体皮质骨髓腔内壁及哈佛管内的内吸收、成骨活动显著增强。结论 长段同种异体骨与带血管自体腓骨复合移植修复骨缺损效果良好，带血管自体腓骨能促进长段同种异体骨的血管化，加速其爬行替代过程。     

肺切除术影响围手术期右心功能

Objective To investigate the changes of perioperative right ventricular function after pulmonary resction. Methods 45 cases of pulmonary resection were divided into four groups.Group Ⅰwas wedge resection(n = 10), GroupⅡ was lobectomy(n = 19), Group Ⅲ was double lobectomy(n=7)and Group Ⅳ was pneumonectomy(n=9). The changes of CVP, PAMP, PEP/ET, Sa, VTIs, RVSP, Ea/Aa, and Tel were evaluated by traditional ultrasonic and tissue Doppler ultrasonic techniques at different time inter- vals (pre-operation, 5-7 days orland 1 month post-operation), Results Compared with the pre-operation CVP, the indexes of all groups have no significant changes post-operatively. Wedge resection didn' t obviously influence right cardiac after load and systolic function/diastolic function. No evidet changes detected in Tei pre-and post-operatively. However, the indexes (PAMP, RVSP and PEP/ET ratio) reflecting right cardiac afterload evidently increased at post-pneumonectomy or lobectomy group5- 7 days post-opera- tive. All these reflect the decrease of Tei, which was more obvious in pneumonectomy than in lobectomy group. Right cardiac after- load, systolic/diastolic function and Tel index recovered to pre-operative level 1 month post-operation in single lobectomy group. But the above indicators, especially the Tel, were still high in double lobectomy and pmeunonectomy groups 1 morth post-operation.Tei index is positively correlated with PAMP and is weakly correlated with PET/ET ratio and Ea/Aa ratio. Conclusion Pulmonary wedge resection doesn't evidently influence right cardiac function. However, right cardiac diastolic function evidently decreases temporarily at lobectomy group. The systolic function and diastolic funetions decrease after double-lobectomy and pneumonectomy and it's more evident in pneumonectomy group. Though the right cardiac afterloads of lobectomy, double lobectomy and pneumonectomy groupa all increase significantly post-operativlye, only the former recover to pre-operative level 1 month after surgery.     

经皮肾穿气压弹道碎石联合体外冲击波碎石治疗上尿路结石

目的 探讨提高上尿路结石碎石成功率的微创治疗方法。方法 采用经皮肾穿微造瘘输尿管镜气压弹道碎石，术中放置双J管，术后配合体外冲击波碎石术(ESWL)治疗上尿路结石48例。结果 结石总排净率为89．1％，结石最小排净率79．2％，无严重并发症发生。结论 该方法结石排净率高，创伤较小，手术并发症少，是上尿路结石较为理想的微创治疗方法。     

经尿道电切与气化切割和激光治疗前列腺增生症的疗效比较

目的 :比较经尿道电切前列腺术 (TURP) ,经尿道前列腺气化切除术 (TUVP)及经尿道接触式激光前列腺切除术 (TULP)的治疗效果。方法 :在 30 0 0例前列腺增生症患者中 ,按三种术式各随机抽取 2 0例术前条件具有可比性的患者 ,进行疗效比较。结果 :3种术式患者手术前后前列腺症状评分 (IPSS)、生活质量评分(QOL)、最大尿流率 (MFR)、剩余尿 (PVR)比较均得到显著改善 (P <0 .0 1) ,3组之间相比差异无显著性意义(P >0 .0 5 )。手术时间 :TUVP及TURP组明显短于TULP组 (P <0 .0 1) ,术中失血量及术后置管时间 :TUVP及TULP组明显少于TURP组 (P <0 .0 1)。TURP组术后继发感染、出血、暂时性尿失禁发生率少于TUVP及TULP组。结论 :3种术式治疗效果相同 ;TUVP操作简单、安全 ,对初学者来说尤其适宜 ;TURP仍为治疗BPH的金标准术式     

异体跟骨移植及腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣修复跟骨缺损

目的　探讨应用同种异体跟骨移植及腓肠神经营养血管逆行岛状皮瓣 ,修复跟骨缺损的临床效果。　方法　 1996年 2月～ 2 0 0 2年 12月 ,采用同种异体跟骨移植及吻合腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣修复足跟骨缺损 6例。致伤原因为车祸伤 3例 ,机器绞扎伤 2例 ,砸伤 1例。其中跟骨后 1/ 3缺损 3例 ,后 1/ 2缺损 2例 ,后 2 / 3缺损 1例 ,均伴有足跟软组织不同程度缺损和跟腱断裂。皮瓣范围 6 cm× 7cm～ 12 cm× 17cm。急诊手术 2例 ,择期手术 4例。采用异体骨修复跟骨缺损 ,跟腱“Z”字形延长钢丝固定于再造跟骨粗隆处 ,修复软组织缺损。　结果　 4例皮瓣全部成活 ,2例皮瓣远端部分坏死 ,经换药后创面愈合。术后 X线片显示 :移植异体骨对位良好 ,恢复了足跟结构。术后 3～ 6个月足跟部皮瓣感觉恢复。所有患者均获随访 6个月～ 3年 ,植入的异体骨骨性愈合 ,未见明显吸收、感染和排斥反应等并发症。足外形饱满 ,可负重行走。　结论　应用同种异体跟骨修复跟骨缺损 ,取材方便 ,且符合人体自然结构及功能要求。采用腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣 ,不牺牲肢体的主要血管 ,手术风险小 ,操作简便、外形好、有感觉 ,可恢复行走功能     

Medpor填充治疗早期爆裂性眼眶壁骨折疗效观察

目的探讨早期眼眶壁爆裂性骨折Medpor填充治疗效果。方法做经典的睫毛下切口或者眉内侧切口,充分暴露眼眶骨折部位、松解嵌顿的眶内容物,骨膜下填充Medpor修复治疗早期眼眶壁爆裂性骨折。结果随访期内没有出现Medpor脱出及排斥现象。20例(20只眼)患者术后均无明显的眼球内陷,1例仍有轻度复视。结论眼眶壁爆裂性骨折应早期治疗,Medpor填充是有效治疗方法。     

Effect of Ligustrazine on Bone Marrow Microenvironment and Signal Transducti on Path in Irradiation Injured Mice

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Evaluation of the antiatherosclerotic properties of natural compounds of plant origin on cell cultures of the human aortic intima

Administration of alizole, berberine, pheonol and pheoniphlorine in doses of 30-100 micrograms/ml in the culture of the atherosclerotic human aortic intimal cells decreased the content of intracellular cholesterol by 35-41% and reduced the proliferative activity of the cells. In healthy donors administration of single doses of berberine and pheoniphlorine (0.9 g) increased the antiatherogenic potential of the serum which was estimated on the primary culture of the intimal cells.     

肛周按揉及温水足浴对腹部手术后患者肛门排气时间的影响

目的探讨肛周按揉及温水足浴对腹部手术后患者肛门排气时间的影响。方法选择普外科180例腹部手术后患者，随机分为A组（肛周按揉＋温水足浴组＋常规护理）90例和B组（常规护理组）90例。比较2组肛门排气时间及腹胀情况。结果首次肛门排气时间A组早于B组，2组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）；腹胀症状A组较B组轻。结论肛周按揉结合温水足浴可显著缩短腹部手术术后患者肛门排气时间，减轻术后腹胀症状。     

阑尾炎单病种患者的费用分析

目的：分析实行医保单病种后医保病人与非医保病人阑尾炎治疗的费用差距，提出对医保进一步改革的思索。方法：用Excel 2003建数据表，对我院2005年2月至2006年8月期间收治的单病种收费阑尾炎患者和非单病种收费患者的费用和并发症进行分析并进行统计学处理。结果：阑尾炎治疗并发症发生率及痊愈率在两组间无显著性差异，费用比较两组间差异显著。结论：目前的单病种收费标准基本可以满足临床治疗阑尾炎的需要，同时在实行单病种收费后可以节约大量医疗费用。如进一步扩大单病种范围，用经济手段调动医院的自律机制，医疗费用有进一步下降的空间。