微创经皮肾镜碎石术对肾内型肾盂结石的治疗评价

目的评价微创经皮肾镜碎石术对肾内型肾盂结石的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析肇庆市第二人民医院2013年1月1日至2013年12月31日由同一术者完成的微创经皮肾镜碎石术187例,其中肾内型肾盂肾结石58例,非肾内型肾盂肾结石129例,比较二者之间的一期结石清除率、二期结石清除率、一期手术时间、手术中取石通道个数、二期体外冲击波碎石例数、输血率、胸膜损伤发生率。结果肾内型肾盂结石病例一期结石清除率低于非肾内型肾盂结石病例,而一期手术时间、双通道取石率均高于后者(P<0.05)。二期结石清除率、术后体外冲击波碎石例数、输血率、胸膜损伤发生率均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论微创经皮肾镜碎石术对肾内型肾盂合并结石的治疗安全有效。     

精囊镜治疗21例顽固性血精的疗效分析

目的探讨应用精囊镜治疗顽固性血精的临床疗效。方法自2011年10月至2013年2月,广东医学院第二附属医院对21例顽固性血精患者行精囊镜检查,入院前血精时间超过半年,经过中西医药物治疗和物理治疗,症状反复出现,入院后行超声及CT排除前列腺肿瘤,使用Wolf 7.5 F输尿管硬镜行精囊镜检查,术后静脉使用抗生素治疗及留置尿管。结果 21例手术均成功,其中4例需使用电切镜切开精阜暴露射精管,手术时间20~43 min,平均25 min,1例术后出现发热,无附睾炎、尿道损伤、直肠损伤、逆行性射精等严重并发症,16例在精囊镜检查后3个月内血精完全消失,3例术后使用中药及抗生素治疗后血精消失,2例仍反复血精。结论采用精囊镜对一些久治不愈的血精患者进行检查和治疗,既可以明确诊断,又可以对精囊进行冲洗,结合药物治疗,具有创伤小、效果好、并发症少等优点,是治疗顽固性血精的有效方法之一。     

酒精摄入量与糖尿病患病关系的横断面研究

目的：探讨酒精摄入量与糖尿病患病的关系。方法：采用分层随机抽样方法,先随机抽取泸州市3个社区,每个社区内再随机抽取到个人,共抽取泸州市区40岁及以上常驻居民4 000人,对其进行调查问卷及体格检查,生化检查。结果：调查有效人数共3 970名,其中糖尿病患病率为19.47%。饮酒率为41.2%,其中男性饮酒率为60.9%,女性饮酒率为30.9%,男性明显高于女性。按饮酒量不同分组：男女新诊糖尿病患病率少量饮酒组（男5.09%,女4.26%）均低于不饮酒组（男9.17%,女7.11%）,男性大量饮酒组（男21.76%,女15.19%）均高于其他3组;男女既诊糖尿病患病率均随饮酒量的增加而下降,大量饮酒组最低。总体而言,少量饮酒组新诊患病率最低,并明显低于不饮酒组,大量饮酒组明显高于其他3组。既诊患病率饮酒组均低于不饮酒组。各组生化指标比较：少量和中量饮酒组餐后2 h血糖（2-hour postprandial glucose,2hPG）、糖化血红蛋白（hemoglobin A1C,HbA1C）均明显低于不饮酒组,大量饮酒组空腹血糖、2hPG及HbA1C水平明显高于其他3组。大量饮酒组胆固醇明显高于少量和中量饮酒组,高密度脂蛋白明显低于其他3组,低密度脂蛋白明显高于其他3组。logistic回归分析调整混杂因素后,少量饮酒是糖尿病的保护因素（OR=0.641,95%CI=0.508～0.807）。结论：少量饮酒是糖尿病的保护因素,大量饮酒则升高血糖、血脂水平。     

RNA interference targeting enhancer of polycomb1 exerts anti-tumor effects in lung cancer

Background and aim: Lung cancer is one of leading malignant tumor worldwide with a high mortality rate. A new therapy target, enhancer of polycomb1 (EPC1) knocked down by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference technology, for lung cancer was established to investigate its effects on lung cancer in present study. Methods: RNA interference technology was applied to down-regulate the expression of EPC1 by specific-shRNA with lentivirus vector in neoplastic human alveolar basal epithelial cells (A549 cells). The survival rate and apoptosis were respectively measured by MTT and Flow Cytometry to evaluate the effects of shRNA EPC1 on cells. Mice xenografts of HCT116 cells with shRNA EPC1 were also established to assess the effect on tumor growth. The levels of AKT and p65 were detected by western blotting. Results: The down-regulation of EPC1 by specific-shRNA with lentivirus vector was significantly decreased the survival rate and apoptosis of A549 cells, and the tumors in EPC1 shRNA transfection group had a significant lower size and weight compared with the ones with control shRNA. The protein expression of p-AKT and p65 was reduced by EPC1 shRNA in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Conclusion: Silencing EPC1 by shRNA technology had the inhibition effects on cell proliferation and tumor growth in lung cancer, which provided a new potential target for treatment of cancers.     

Effect of blending sewage sludge with coal on combustion and ash slagging behavior

Blending sewage sludge (SS) with Zhundong coal (ZDC) for combustion in coal-fired power plants is a recent approach that can alleviate the shortage of high-quality coal resources and achieve the harmless treatment of SS, while also having a significant influence on combustion and ash slagging. Due to the high content of alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) in ZDC, its combustion ash has a strong likelihood of slagging. This study aims to investigate the effect of blending SS with ZDC on combustion and ash slagging. Thermogravimetry (TG) results indicate that blending with SS could lower the ignition and burnout temperatures of ZDC. With an increase in the ratio of sludge, the comprehensive combustion index (S) first increases and then decreases, showing that blending SS with ZDC in an appropriate proportion could improve the overall combustion. Through the analysis of the interaction, it is confirmed that SS and ZDC could complement each other during co-combustion due to their different components. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) was used to test the ash components of different blending ratios (10–30%) and combustion temperatures (800–1100 °C). Slagging indices including alkali acid ratio (B/A), silicon ratio (G), and silica–alumina ratio (SiO₂/Al₂O₃) were also calculated. The results suggest that the slagging behavior of ZDC is greatly reduced even if the blending ratio is only 10%. However, with an increase in the blending ratio, the effect on slagging gradually weakens. Considering the dual influence of SS blending on combustion and slagging, this study assumes the optimal blending ratio of 20%. Influenced by the components of the combustion ash, B/A and SiO₂/Al₂O₃ are more suitable for evaluating the slagging tendency of ash; however, there is great deviation in the results for G. This research is beneficial to coal-fired power plants for the selection of operation parameters during co-combustion with SS.

Blending sewage sludge (SS) with Zhundong coal (ZDC) for combustion in coal-fired power plants is a recent approach that can alleviate the shortage of high-quality coal resources and achieve the harmless treatment of SS, while also having a significant influence on combustion and ash slagging.     

MicroRNA-494对胃癌细胞增殖、细胞周期及凋亡的影响

目的?探讨microRNA-494（miR-494）对胃癌细胞增殖、细胞周期及凋亡的影响。方法?选取2015年1月—2018年1月被陕西省肿瘤医院收治并行手术切除的60例患者的胃癌组织及对应癌旁组织（距肿瘤边缘>2?cm）标本。将胃癌细胞MGC803分为miR-494组和对照组。采用PCR检测胃癌组织及体外培养细胞中的miR-494表达水平。在MGC803细胞中过表达miR-494,采用MTT法检测细胞增殖,流式细胞术检测细胞周期及细胞凋亡。PCR及Western blotting检测miR-494潜在靶点Cyclin D1的表达变化。结果?癌旁组织miR-494相对表达量较胃癌组织高（P?<0.05）。不同肿瘤直径、TNM分期miR-494相对表达量比较,差异有统计学意义（P?<0.05）。对照组MGC803细胞miR-494相对表达量较miR-494组低（P?<0.05）。miR-494组OD值较对照组低（P?<0.05）。对照组CyclinD1 mRNA和蛋白相对表达量较miR-494组高（P?<0.05）。miR-494与CyclinD1免疫组织化学评分呈负相关（r?=-0.469,P?<0.05）。结论?胃癌组织中miR-494表达水平降低,过表达miR-494能通过下调Cyclin D1的表达发挥抑制胃癌细胞增殖和细胞周期进展的作用。     

阿托伐他汀联合雄激素阻断对晚期前列腺癌术后患者血清PSA、VEGF、MMP-9及血脂水平的影响

目的观察阿托伐他汀联合雄激素阻断治疗对晚期前列腺癌患者血清前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)及血脂水平的影响。方法选取2016年1-12月海南医学院第二附属医院泌尿外科一区治疗晚期前列腺癌患者60例,均先行经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP),根据随机数字表法分为2组,每组30例。对照组术后以间断雄激素阻断治疗,观察组以阿托伐他汀联合间断雄激素阻断治疗。比较2组治疗前后血清PSA、VEGF、MMP-9、血脂水平。并随访3年,观察2组患者生存率及不良反应发生率。结果治疗后,观察组患者PSA、VEGF和MMP-9水平低于对照组(t/P=8.328/0.000、2.531/0.014、9.680/0.000);TG、TC、LDLC和HDL-C明显优于对照组(t/P=5.350/0.000、9.348/0.000、21.601/0.000、2.402/0.000)胃肠道反应、性欲减退、肝功能异常、勃起障碍及骨质疏松症等不良反应发生情况与对照组患者比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);1、2、3年生存率和不良反应发生率优于对照组(χ^2/P=4.286/0.038、4.812/0.028、4.800/0.028、4.800/0.028、4.800/0.028、4.893/0.032)。结论阿托伐他汀联合雄激素阻断治疗方案可以有效降低晚期前列腺癌患者血清PSA、VEGF和MMP-9水平,改善血脂水平,提高生存率,安全性较好。