早期应用泰舒达对帕金森患者功能障碍及临床疗效的影响

目的 探讨早期应用泰舒达对帕金森患者功能障碍及临床疗效的影响.方法 回顾性分析该院2013年12月-2014年12月收治的67例早期帕金森患者的临床资料,按照治疗方法分为对照组(33例)和观察组(34例),分别给予常规治疗联合左旋多巴治疗和常规治疗联合泰舒达治疗.观察二组治疗前后的改良WEBSTER帕金森病功能障碍计分变化情况以及治疗效果,并进行比较.结果 经不同的治疗,观察组的各项评分均显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).观察组的治疗总有效率经统计和比较显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).观察组的不良反应发生率经统计和比较高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 在常规治疗的基础上,早期应用泰舒达对帕金森患者进行治疗可以获得良好的效果.     

大剂量氨溴索联合乌司他丁治疗ARDS的临床疗效

目的 观察大剂量氨溴索联合乌司他丁治疗急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)的临床疗效.方法 选择2011年1月至2013年12月80例ARDS患者,对照组(40例)采用大剂量氨溴索治疗,观察组(40例)采用大剂量氨溴索联合乌司他丁治疗,观察两组的的呼吸频率、PaO2、PaO2/FiO2、PCO2、APACHEII 评分、肺损伤评分、X线胸片变化、VAP发生率及病死率、住院时间以及费用.结果 观察组的APACHEII评分、呼吸频率、PaO2、PaO2/FiO2、PCO2、X线胸片变化以及肺损伤评分均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的VAP发生率、病死率均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组住院时间以及住院费用优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 大剂量氨溴索联合乌司他丁治疗ARDS可以改善肺功能,缓解患者的症状,增加治疗的安全性及可靠性,降低病死率.     

模拟教学在住院医师新生儿复苏培训中的应用

目的：探索新生儿仿真模拟人在儿科住院医师新生儿复苏培训中的应用效果。方法2011年6月至2012年6月,对11名新生儿病房住院医师进行新生儿复苏培训,培训前进行评估;利用新生儿仿真模拟人以案例模拟教学方式进行培训,培训后进行考核。应用SPSS 18.0进行统计分析,培训前成绩与培训后成绩比较应用配对t检验,P〈0.05认为差异有统计学意义。并通过问卷调查获得住院医师的反馈意见。结果培训前住院医师考核平均成绩为（37.82±1.17）分,培训后平均成绩（39.18±0.87）分,培训前后平均成绩比较,差异有统计学意义（t=4.89, P〈0.01）。问卷调查显示,参加培训的住院医师均认为模拟装置辅助的教学方式很好。结论应用新生儿仿真模拟人,结合案例模拟教学,进行新生儿复苏培训,能取得良好效果。     

早产儿出院后营养和喂养品的选择

早产儿营养状况不仅对于短期生长很重要,而且对于远期健康和发育都至关重要.针对这一问题,本文分析早产儿出院后的营养问题;将足月婴儿配方奶粉与早产婴儿配方奶粉、富营养物出院后配方奶粉进行比较,并比较母乳和配方奶粉对早产儿营养状况的影响;以及早产儿辅食的添加进行综述.以往未予充分关注的早产儿出院后的营养状况,可能会影响生长发育曲线或远期健康状况,因此是不容忽视的重要问题.     

早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征经鼻间歇正压通气治疗的Meta分析

Objective To agsess the efficacy of nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV)in treatment of respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) in premature infants.Methods According to the requirements of Cochrane systematic review,a thorough literature search was performed among PubMed(1977-2008),Embase(1989-2008),OVID,Cochrane(2008),Chinese Digtal Hospital Library (www.chkd.cnki.net) and Chinese Biomedical Literature Disk Database(CBMdisc).Quality assessments of clinical trials were carried out Randomized controHed trials(RCTs)with NIPPV and RDS were enrolledand ReVnlan 4.2 software was used for meta-analysis.The trials were analyzed using relatire risk(RR) for dichotomous data,weighted mean difference(WMD) were used for continuous data,both kind of data were expressed by 95% confidence intervals(95%CI).For homogenous data(P≥0.10),fixed effects model was calculated,for heterogeneity data(P<0.10),random effects model was calculated.Results Five RCTs involving 284 premature infants diagnosed as respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) were included.Three studies comparing NIPPV with nasal continuous positive airway pressure(NCPAP) in the postextubation period,tHe extabation failure rate was 8.34%vs 40.79% in NIPPV group and NCPAP group,the NIPPV group had significantly lower extubation failure rates[RR 0.21(95%CI:0.10-0.45;P<0.001)].Two of the above.mentioned three studies analyzed bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)rates,the incidence of BPD was 39.34%vs 54.39%in NIPPV group and NCPAP group,the NIPPV group had a trend towards lower BPD rates,but this did not reach statistical significance[RR 0.73(95%CI:0.49-1.07;P=0.11)].NIPPV was used as primary mode in two studies,one compared with conventional ventilation(CV),which detected that the NIPPV group had significantly lower BPD rates(10% vs.33.33%,P:0.04);the other compared with NCPAP,which also showed that NIPPV group had significantly lower BPD rates(2.33% vs.17.07%,P=0.03).Conclusion The primary mode NIPPV was found to be feasible as a method of ventilation in preterm infants with RDS,and Was associated with a decreased incidenee of BPD.In the postextubation period,NIPPV is more effective in preventing failure of extubation than NCPAP.     

早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征经鼻间歇正压通气治疗的Meta分析

Objective To agsess the efficacy of nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV)in treatment of respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) in premature infants.Methods According to the requirements of Cochrane systematic review,a thorough literature search was performed among PubMed(1977-2008),Embase(1989-2008),OVID,Cochrane(2008),Chinese Digtal Hospital Library (www.chkd.cnki.net) and Chinese Biomedical Literature Disk Database(CBMdisc).Quality assessments of clinical trials were carried out Randomized controHed trials(RCTs)with NIPPV and RDS were enrolledand ReVnlan 4.2 software was used for meta-analysis.The trials were analyzed using relatire risk(RR) for dichotomous data,weighted mean difference(WMD) were used for continuous data,both kind of data were expressed by 95% confidence intervals(95%CI).For homogenous data(P≥0.10),fixed effects model was calculated,for heterogeneity data(P<0.10),random effects model was calculated.Results Five RCTs involving 284 premature infants diagnosed as respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) were included.Three studies comparing NIPPV with nasal continuous positive airway pressure(NCPAP) in the postextubation period,tHe extabation failure rate was 8.34%vs 40.79% in NIPPV group and NCPAP group,the NIPPV group had significantly lower extubation failure rates[RR 0.21(95%CI:0.10-0.45;P<0.001)].Two of the above.mentioned three studies analyzed bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)rates,the incidence of BPD was 39.34%vs 54.39%in NIPPV group and NCPAP group,the NIPPV group had a trend towards lower BPD rates,but this did not reach statistical significance[RR 0.73(95%CI:0.49-1.07;P=0.11)].NIPPV was used as primary mode in two studies,one compared with conventional ventilation(CV),which detected that the NIPPV group had significantly lower BPD rates(10% vs.33.33%,P:0.04);the other compared with NCPAP,which also showed that NIPPV group had significantly lower BPD rates(2.33% vs.17.07%,P=0.03).Conclusion The primary mode NIPPV was found to be feasible as a method of ventilation in preterm infants with RDS,and Was associated with a decreased incidenee of BPD.In the postextubation period,NIPPV is more effective in preventing failure of extubation than NCPAP.     

新生儿心力衰竭的常见病因、诊断及治疗

新生儿心力衰竭(心衰)是新生儿常见的危重急症之一,病情发展迅速,临床表现不典型,与年长儿表现也有很大不同,易与其他疾病相混淆,较难及时诊断,而贻误病情,因此必须提高对心衰的认识和警惕,早期诊断和积极治疗。一、新生儿心衰定义新生儿心衰是指在某些病因作用下,心脏排出血量不能满足血液循环及组织代谢需要而出现的一系列病理症状。二、新生儿心衰病因(一)新生儿易发生心衰的因素1.新生儿心肌结构未发育成熟。心肌肌节数量少,肌细胞较细,收缩力弱,心肌结构未成熟,心室顺应性差,代偿能力差。2.新生儿心肌中交感神经未发育成熟。心肌中交感…     

早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征经鼻间歇正压通气治疗的Meta分析

Objective To agsess the efficacy of nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV)in treatment of respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) in premature infants.Methods According to the requirements of Cochrane systematic review,a thorough literature search was performed among PubMed(1977-2008),Embase(1989-2008),OVID,Cochrane(2008),Chinese Digtal Hospital Library (www.chkd.cnki.net) and Chinese Biomedical Literature Disk Database(CBMdisc).Quality assessments of clinical trials were carried out Randomized controHed trials(RCTs)with NIPPV and RDS were enrolledand ReVnlan 4.2 software was used for meta-analysis.The trials were analyzed using relatire risk(RR) for dichotomous data,weighted mean difference(WMD) were used for continuous data,both kind of data were expressed by 95% confidence intervals(95%CI).For homogenous data(P≥0.10),fixed effects model was calculated,for heterogeneity data(P<0.10),random effects model was calculated.Results Five RCTs involving 284 premature infants diagnosed as respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) were included.Three studies comparing NIPPV with nasal continuous positive airway pressure(NCPAP) in the postextubation period,tHe extabation failure rate was 8.34%vs 40.79% in NIPPV group and NCPAP group,the NIPPV group had significantly lower extubation failure rates[RR 0.21(95%CI:0.10-0.45;P<0.001)].Two of the above.mentioned three studies analyzed bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)rates,the incidence of BPD was 39.34%vs 54.39%in NIPPV group and NCPAP group,the NIPPV group had a trend towards lower BPD rates,but this did not reach statistical significance[RR 0.73(95%CI:0.49-1.07;P=0.11)].NIPPV was used as primary mode in two studies,one compared with conventional ventilation(CV),which detected that the NIPPV group had significantly lower BPD rates(10% vs.33.33%,P:0.04);the other compared with NCPAP,which also showed that NIPPV group had significantly lower BPD rates(2.33% vs.17.07%,P=0.03).Conclusion The primary mode NIPPV was found to be feasible as a method of ventilation in preterm infants with RDS,and Was associated with a decreased incidenee of BPD.In the postextubation period,NIPPV is more effective in preventing failure of extubation than NCPAP.     

新生儿柯萨奇B＿3病毒性心肌炎及其病原学检测

１９９２年北京市某医院发生一次新生儿柯萨奇Ｂ３病毒感染流行，发病３５例，合并病毒性心肌炎８例，２例死亡，尸解病理诊断为急性弥漫性非化脓性心肌炎。为明确病原学诊断，用ＥＬＩＳＡ测患儿血中柯萨奇Ｂ病毒抗体ＩｇＭ；用ＰＣＲ测患儿血及心肌组织中的肠道病毒（包括柯萨奇病毒）ＲＮＡ；用大便及咽拭子分泌物进行病毒分离，证实此次流行的病原为柯萨奇病毒Ｂ３。认为ＥＬＩＳＡ、ＰＣＲ方法快速、敏感、特异强，可推广应用。