Effects of severe daily events on mood.

Examined the effects of naturally occurring, daily events on next-day mood. From a sample of 50 men (mean age 41.4 yrs) who had reported events and mood prospectively, 17 whose reports included a severe, negative event were selected. Same- and next-day associations were examined using both self-reports from the men and wives' reports about their husbands' mood; the wives' mean ages were 38.8 yrs. Instruments included the Assessment of Daily Experience and the Mood Adjective Check List. Same-day associations were observed, but there was no strong evidence of changes in next-day mood. Results offer no support for 2-day or longer effects of daily, negative events and highlight the need for prospective studies to address causal questions and cognitive mediational variables such as coping. (20 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Congenital enterocyte heparan sulphate deficiency with massive albumin loss, secretory diarrhoea, and malnutrition

BACKGROUND: The molecular basis of protein-losing enteropathy is unknown. However it has been shown that sulphated glycosaminoglycans may be important in regulating vascular and renal albumin loss. METHODS: We describe three baby boys who presented within the first weeks of life with massive enteric protein loss, secretory diarrhoea, and intolerance of enteral feeds. All required total parenteral nutrition and repeated albumin infusions. No cause could be found in any case despite extensive investigations, including small intestinal biopsy sampling, which were repeatedly normal. FINDINGS: By specific histochemistry, we detected gross abnormality in the distribution of small intestinal glycosaminoglycans in all three infants, with complete absence of enterocyte heparan sulphate. The distribution of vascular and lamina propria glycosaminoglycans was, however, normal. INTERPRETATION: The presentation of these infants suggests that enterocyte heparan sulphate is important in normal small intestinal function.     

An unusual presentation of a nasal septal abscess

Nasal septal abscess is a rare complication of septal haematoma. Nasal obstruction and, less frequently, pain are the usual presenting features. We report a case of a nasal septal abscess in a 21-year-old female patient who developed a naso-oral fistula. To our knowledge this is the first report of such an unusual presentation of a septal abscess. The aetiology, pathogenesis and management of septal abscesses are discussed.     

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in three population groups in the Republic of Mali

A new method of estimating intracranial decompensation in man is described. An on-line computer system is connected to an intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring system to compute regression plots of mean ICP vs standard deviation; standard deviation is used as a measure of ICP instability. Two zones with distinctly different slopes are a characteristic feature of these plots. It is thought that the changes of slope signify intracranial decompensation.     

Effects of mode of organization and feedback level on creative task groups.

Tested the effects of mode of organization (specialization vs. Project teams) and feedback level (individual vs. Group) on the performance and satisfaction of peer-evaluated, creative task groups. 24 groups of 3 undergraduates each worked on a word-construction task. Performance on each trial of the task was measured by (a) score on the final word constructed (word score), (b) time to achieve a task solution, and (c) rated creativity of the word constructed. An index of task satisfaction was obtained from questionnaire items. Results show that creative task groups organized into project teams had shorter times and expressed higher satisfaction with the task than did groups organized by specialization. Groups receiving individual-level feedback had higher mean word scores than did groups receiving group-level feedback. (18 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Infection of the urinary tract after anti-reflux surgery

Two hundred twenty-three children who underwent anti-reflux surgery were evaluated. Pyelonephritic scarring was more apt to occur with greater degrees of reflux. Postoperative infection was principally confined to the bladder and occurred primarily in females. The beneficial effect of anti-reflux surgery is discussed.