The efficacy of enriching wheat meal, bread and gluten with L-lysine evaluated experimentally and theoretically

The effect of enrichment of wheat meal, bread and gluten with L-lysine was studied by the routine method (basing on the biological value estimated on growing rats), and theoretically (by the changes in the potential extent of the biological value). A higher value of the enrichment effect in the second case has confirmed the existence of the compensation induced by significant lysine deficiency. Enrichment of the studied products with lysine leads to elimination of the compensation that consists in lysine economy through decreasing its oxidizing catabolism. The dependence of the biological value on the level of gluten protein in the ration was also studied. Maximum figures of the biological value were recorded at 15% of gluten protein level and they were decreased at 7 and 30% levels.     

Influence of dietary therapy containing sunflower oil fortified with phospholipids on the lipid metabolism in patients with hypertension and obesity

It was investigated the influence of dietary therapy containing sunflower oil with phospholipids (PL) on the lipid profile of plasma and composition of fatty acids of red blood cells in patients with hypertension and obesity. The results show that after the period of three weeks for each diet the unrefined sunflower oil supplemented with PL (30 gr oil containing 10, 8 gr PL) in diet had more influence on lowering of blood pressure (specially on diastolic BP). This diet reduced serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), apolipoprotein A 1, apoB and fibrinogen more than the refined sunflower oil diet. This oil presents useful source of polyunsaturated fatty acids and essential PL for diets aimed at prevention of heart disease.     

Status of nutrition and cell immunity in sportsmen-weightlifters

The analysis of average daily nutrient intake, indexes of lipids metabolism parameters of cell immunity on 30 weightlifters and 14 individuals, who does not be engaged in sport, are carried out. Results of the present research show the imbalance in athletes diet with unfavourable ratio of proteins, fats, carbohydrates as 1:1,7:3--in women and 1:1,4:2,9--in men. Lipid storage disease include the rise of low-density lipoproteins level (in women-- 3,2 +/- 0,2; in men--3,4 +/- 0,2 (p < 0,05); in control group--2,2 +/- 0,3 mmol/l) and the fall--of high-density lipoproteins (in women--1,3 +/- 0,1; in men--0,9 +/- 0,1; p < 0,05); in control group--1,7 +/- 0,2 mmol/l). Result of disbalance in sportsmen immune system was statistically authentic decrease in an immunoregulatory index of CD4/CD8 (in women--0,89 +/- 0,08, in men--0,77 +/- 0,11; p < 0,05) at the expense of increase of the relative maintenance of cytotoxic CD3+CD8+ T-killers (in women--39,42 +/- 4,0; in men--41,28 +/- 3,28%; p < 0,05) and reduction of the T-helpers CD3+CD4+ content in peripheral blood (32,48 +/- 1,06 and 31,33 +/- 2,95%; p < 0,05) at 17% of women and 42% of male athletes owing to intense physical activities. This suggests that athletes engaging in longer periods of intensified training can exhibit an inefficiency of cell immunity. The cause of immune response decreasing can be metabolic disorders. The imbalance in athletes' diet leads to dislipoproteinemia, which play a pathogenetic role in cell immunosuppression.     

Characteristics of the antioxidant system of healthy people of main ethnic groups living near Baikal Lake

The antioxidant system of blood is the important factor that characterizes the adaptive possibilities of human organism. The estimation of state of the antioxidant protection and lipid peroxidation systems at men and women of two Baikal Lake ethnic groups was carried out. Spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods were used during the study. Increase of by-products of lipid peroxidation with decrease of activity of the antioxidant protection system was observed at men of the Buryat ethnicity in comparison with Russian ones. At women of the Buryat ethnicity was observed the increase of the primary products of lipid peroxidation with the adequate antioxidant response in comparison with Russian ones.     

Toxicity assessment of the vegetable emulsifier- the aqueous extract from the common soapwort roots

Within the limits of experimental observation the assessment of acute and subacute safety of an aqueous extract from Acanthophyllum roots with a solids content of 7%, used as an emulsifier has been manufactured by production of emulsion products. Acute toxicity (LD50) AEAR, probed on mice-male; has allowed to refer to an emulsifier to a class of nontoxic substance. The assessmentof subacute toxicity of an extract (injection in a food allowance within 30 days in a recommended dose--5 ml on 100 g of a standard food allowance) was spent on laboratory rats. Extent of toxicity of a specimen judged on the general state of animals, a body mass dynamics, internals masses, to biochemical parameters of blood plasma, parameters of a peripheric blood, a morphological pattern of an internals. Comparative analysis of results allows to expel toxic effect AEAR in the recommended dose on an organism of animals.     

The method of the simultaneous determination of the citrinin and ochratoxin A content in cereals and cereal products

The simplifyed method of simultaneous determination of the citrinin (CT) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in cereals is described. The extraction of mycotoxins was carried out by small volumes of solvents (water/aceton/hexane) without additional sample clean up and concentration. The extracts were analysed by HPLC using mixture of methanol/ethylacetate/phosphoric acid, pH 2.2 as a mobile phase and fluorescence detection (lamda ex 330 nm, lamda em 495 nm). The reliability and reproducibility of results were improved by usage of internal standard--methyl-derivative of ochratoxin A. Average recovery of CT and OTA was 70%, relative standard deviation 12% and 7%, respectively, limit of detection 0.003 mg/kg.     

The bioavailability of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Study using methods of radionuclide indicators

Zinc oxide nanoparticles labeled with 65Zn were administered once intragastrically to male Wistar rats. The distribution of radionuclide-marker (65Zn) was measured by gamma-spectrometer in tissue samples of animals the organs through 4 hours, 1, 3 and 5 days after administration, and in the wastes of animals through 1 since 5 days. The data obtained demonstrate for the first time the bioavailability of zinc trace element in the form of its oxide nanoparticles.     

Probabilistic Solutions to Nonlinear Random Ship Roll Motion

The probability density function (PDF) and the mean up-crossing rate of the responses for nonlinear ship roll oscillations excited by random sea waves are examined. The excitation of random sea waves is approximated as white noise. The ship roll motion is described by a nonlinear stochastic differential equation that includes a nonlinear wave drag force and a nonlinear restoring moment. The PDF and mean up-crossing rate solution of the nonlinear oscillator are investigated with a new approximate method that expressed the PDF as an exponential function with an exponent in the form of a polynomial in the response variable and its derivative. A special measure is taken such that the Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov equation is satisfied in the weak sense of integration with the assumed PDF. Numerical examples and a comparison with Monte Carlo simulation are given to show the effectiveness of the method in the study of randomly excited nonlinear ship roll motion.