TA15合金的热变形行为及加工图

研究了TA15合金的热模拟压缩实验。结果表明：变形温度的升高和应变速率的减小使峰值应力和稳态应力显著降低，变形温度会影响进入稳态流动所需变形量。以热模拟压缩实验为基础，建立的加工图表明：TA15合金高温变形时存在2个非稳定区域，一个是变形温度1300K以上和应变速率10．0s^-1以上的区域，另一个是变形温度1200K以下和应变速率0．006s^-1～1．995s^-1之间的区域。同时，建立的TA15合金高温变形时的流动应力模型表征了变形温度、应变速率和变形程度对流动应力的影响，模型的计算精度较高。     

酶预处理对木质纤维素纳米纤丝性能的影响

采用机械法、内切葡聚糖酶预处理/机械法、木聚糖酶预处理/机械法制备得到木质纤维素纳米纤丝,通过分析形态与结构特性探索了酶预处理过程对木质纤维素纳米纤丝性能的影响.结果表明,内切葡聚糖酶/机械法制备的木质纤维素纳米纤丝具有最高的保水值(564％)、最优的比表面积(173.71 m2/g)和最稳定的Zeta电位(-45.43 mV).内切葡聚糖酶预处理能够疏松木质纤维微观结构,利于后续机械研磨分离出更细小的纤丝.     

蜡油降凝剂的合成与降凝性能的研究

以反丁烯二酸、十六醇、十八醇与二十六醇的混合物（混合醇）、苯乙烯为原料,采用先酯化后聚合的方法,合成蜡油的降凝剂——反丁烯二酸混合酯-苯乙烯共聚物.以降凝效果为评价目标,通过单因素和正交实验,得到合成反丁烯二酸混合酯-苯乙烯共聚物的最佳条件.通过凝点效果实验,考察影响降凝剂对蜡油降凝效果的因素.实验结果表明：在共聚物质量分数为0.4 %（基于蜡油的质量）、热处理温度70 ℃、热处理时间30 min的条件下,降凝剂反丁烯二酸混合酯-苯乙烯可使蜡油凝点降低17 ℃.     

月桂酸类缓蚀剂的合成及性能评价

为解决金属腐蚀问题,合成了高效、低成本的金属缓蚀剂.首先,通过酰胺反应和环化反应合成单体化合物,并通过单体和氯化苄合成一种优异的咪唑啉类缓蚀剂.其次,将单因素实验和正交试验的结果进行条件筛选.最后,得出月桂酸类缓蚀剂的最佳合成条件.最佳合成条件为：月桂酸与二乙烯三胺最佳物质的量比为1∶1,催化剂质量分数为1.3 %,环化时间为2 h,中间体与氯化苄的最佳物质的量比为1∶1.2,季铵化反应时间为2 h,季铵化反应温度为60 ℃,最终缓蚀率可以达到97.74 %以上.     

光伏系统直流串联故障电弧检测方法

故障电弧是光伏系统电气火灾事故的常见原因,研究可靠的光伏系统直流故障电弧检测方法对保障系统运行和人身安全有重要意义。首先搭建了光伏系统直流故障电弧实验平台,采集了故障电弧典型电信号;接着对其进行了稳定性分析、时变性分析、相关性分析和随机性分析,并以特征显著、计算量小、抗干扰强为比选条件,选取欧拉特征作为故障电弧检测的最优特征;然后构建了故障电弧检测算法,算法以多阈值判断体系为核心发掘故障电弧差异于系统暂态过程的特征模式;最后,将算法硬件实现后在系统中再进行实验测试。结果表明,所提出的算法对不同光伏系统工作点和电弧产生方式条件下的故障电弧均可在0.5 s内实现正确检测。     

一种复合型天然除螨抑菌微乳性能研究及在洗护产品中的应用

通过采用苦参精油和广藿香精油与二氯苄醇和伞花烃-o-5醇复配,制备得到除螨抑菌微乳。经测试分析,除螨抑菌微乳水溶性好,稳定性强,对各个菌种的最低抑制浓度为1 000 ~5 000 mg/L;0.35%除螨微乳对螨虫灭杀作用24 h,其灭杀率高达95%,将0.35%除螨微乳添加到洗衣液和沐浴露中,灭杀作用48 h,对螨虫灭杀率约100%。     

Preparation and electrochemical performance of nanosized Co3O4 via hydrothermal method

The hydrotalcite-type cobalt compounds were prepared through oxidation of Co（OH）2 gel using NH4OH as precipitating agent and H2O2 as oxidant. These hydrotalcite-type cobalt compounds were transformed into Co3O4 through hydrothermal decomposition with nanostructural deformation. The precursor and product were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared（FT-IR） spectrum, X-ray diffractometry（XRD） and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）. The electrochemical performances of as-prepared nanosized Co3O4 as anode materials in lithium-ion batteries were tested by charge-discharge test in the voltage range of 0-3.0 V. The influence of morphology of Co3O4 particle on the capacity and cycling performance was studied. The results show that the shape and size of the final product can be controlled by altering cobalt sources. The irregular cubic Co3O4 with the average particle size of about 10 nm shows the best electrochemical performance. After 10 charge-discharge cycles, the specific charge capacity retains 555 mA.h/g.     

新型纳米晶合金Fe69.5Cu0.5Cr4V5Si13B8退火过程中微结构的M…

采用Ｍｏｓｓｂａｕｅｒ、Ｘ射线衍射和透射电镜等实验方法，较为系统地研究了非晶态ＦｅＣｕＣｒＶＳｉＢ合金及期经过不同温度退火后的晶化特性和微观组织的变化，介绍了实验方法并对研究结果进行了分析探讨。     

Performances of electrically heated microgroove vaporizers

An electrically heated microgroove vaporizer was proposed. The vaporizer mainly comprised an outer tube, an inner tube and an electrical heater cartridge. Microgrooves were fabricated on the external surface of the inner tube by micro-cutting method, which formed the flow passage for fluid between the external surface of the inner tube and the internal surface of the outer tube. Experiments related to the temperature rise response of water and the thermal conversion efficiency of vaporizer were done to estimate the influences of microgroove＇s direction, feed flow rate and input voltage on the performances of the vaporizer. The results indicate that the microgroove＇s direction dominates the vaporizer performance at a lower input voltage. The longitudinal microgroove vaporizer exhibits the best performances for the temperature rise response of water and thermal conversion efficiency of vaporizer. For a moderate input voltage, the microgroove＇s direction and the feed flow rate of water together govern the vaporizer performances. The input voltage becomes the key influencing factor when the vaporizer works at a high input voltage, resulting in the similar performances of longitudinal, oblique and latitudinal microgroove vaporizers.     

苏联钛熔铸生产的现状和特点

苏联海绵钛的产量居世界首位,钛锭和钛铸件的生产能力很大,熔铸技术比较先进,有一套独特的熔铸工艺和设备,引起了各国钛冶金工作者的注意。在过去三十年期间,苏联钛的熔铸生产有以下几个特点。