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41.
Parallel enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay screening for human immunodeficiency virus among blood donors in five Chinese blood centres: a retrospective analysis 下载免费PDF全文
42.
Imre W.K. Kouw Bart B.L. Groen Joey S.J. Smeets Irene Fleur Kramer Janneau M.X. van Kranenburg Rachél Nilwik Jan A.P. Geurts René H.M. ten Broeke Martijn Poeze Luc J.C. van Loon Lex B. Verdijk 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2019,20(1):35-42
Objectives
Short successive periods of skeletal muscle disuse have been suggested to substantially contribute to the observed loss of skeletal muscle mass over the life span. Hospitalization of older individuals due to acute illness, injury, or major surgery generally results in a mean hospital stay of 5 to 7 days, during which the level of physical activity is strongly reduced. We hypothesized that hospitalization following elective total hip arthroplasty is accompanied by substantial leg muscle atrophy in older men and women.Design and participants
Twenty-six older patients (75 ± 1 years) undergoing elective total hip arthroplasty participated in this observational study.Measurements
On hospital admission and on the day of discharge, computed tomographic (CT) scans were performed to assess muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) of both legs. During surgery and on the day of hospital discharge, a skeletal muscle biopsy was taken from the m. vastus lateralis of the operated leg to assess muscle fiber type–specific CSA.Results
An average of 5.6 ± 0.3 days of hospitalization resulted in a significant decline in quadriceps (?3.4% ± 1.0%) and thigh muscle CSA (?4.2% ± 1.1%) in the nonoperated leg (P < .05). Edema resulted in a 10.3% ± 1.7% increase in leg CSA in the operated leg (P < .05). At hospital admission, muscle fiber CSA was smaller in the type II vs type I fibers (3326 ± 253 μm2 vs 4075 ± 279 μm2, respectively; P < .05). During hospitalization, type I and II muscle fiber CSA tended to increase, likely due to edema in the operated leg (P = .10).Conclusions
Six days of hospitalization following elective total hip arthroplasty leads to substantial leg muscle atrophy in older patients. Effective intervention strategies are warranted to prevent the loss of muscle mass induced by short periods of muscle disuse during hospitalization. 相似文献43.
44.
Apatinib, an oral small molecular receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) developed first in China, exerts antiangiogenic and antineoplastic function through selectively binding and inhibiting vascular endothelial growth
factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2). In this study, we aimed to explore the efficacy and safety profile of apatinib
monotherapy, or combined with chemotherapy or endothelial growth factor receptor (EGFR)-TKI in heavily
pretreated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with brain metastases. We performed a retrospective
analysis for relapsed NSCLC patients with brain metastases from our institute, who received apatinib
(250 mg or 500 mg p.o. qd) monotherapy, or combination with EGFR-TKI or chemotherapy as second or
more line systemic therapy until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurred. The objective response
rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), median progression-free survival (mPFS), median overall survival
(mOS), and safety were analyzed. A total of 26 eligible patients were included: 24 patients diagnosed with
adenocarcinoma, 2 with squamous carcinoma, and 14 patients harboring EGFR sensitizing mutations. The
mPFS and mOS were 4.93 (range, 0.27−32.91; 95% CI 3.64−6.22) and 14.70 (range, 0.27−32.91; 95% CI
0.27−43.60) months for the whole group. The ORR and DCR were 7.7% (2/26) and 69.2% (18/26) for the
entire lesions, and 7.7% (2/26) and 79.6% (20/26) for brain metastases, respectively. Compared with patients
who received apatinib monotherapy, patients who received apatinib combination treatment had more favorable
mPFS (11.77 vs. 2.27 months, p<0.05) and mOS (24.03 vs. 6.07 months, p<0.05). Treatment-related toxicities
were tolerable including grade 1/2 hypertension, hand-and-foot syndrome, fatigue, nausea, liver dysfunction,
myelosuppression, skin rash, and palpitation. In conclusion, apatinib exhibited high activity and good tolerance
for NSCLC patients with brain metastasis, and it might become a potential choice for metastatic brain tumors
in NSCLC patients. 相似文献
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随着对肿瘤热疗和肿瘤免疫微环境(TIME)的深入研究,近年来热疗对TIME的作用越来越受到学者们的重视。本文就目前国内外研究进展,对热疗与TIME中几类主要免疫细胞和免疫相关细胞因子的影响及作用机制作一综述。全面而透彻的了解热疗对TIME的调控作用,有助于为肿瘤治疗提供新的思路和方法。 相似文献
50.
Ling Zhang Xue-Jun Shang Hong-Fei Li Yu-Qin Shi Wei Li Maria E Teves Zhi-Qiong Wang Gao-Feng Jiang Shi-Zhen Song Zhi-Bing Zhang 《Asian journal of andrology》2015,17(1):86-93
Mammalian spermatogenesis is a well-organized process of cell development and differentiation. Meiosis expressed gene 1 (MEIG1) plays an essential role in the regulation of spermiogenesis. To explore potential mechanisms of MEIG1''s action, a yeast two-hybrid screen was conducted, and several potential binding partners were identified; one of them was membrane occupation and recognition nexus repeat containing 3 (MORN3). MORN3 mRNA is only abundant in mouse testis. In the testis, Morn3 mRNA is highly expressed in the spermiogenesis stage. Specific anti-MORN3 polyclonal antibody was generated against N-terminus of the full-length MORN3 protein, and MORN3 expression and localization was examined in vitro and in vivo. In transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells, the antibody specifically crossed-reacted the full-length MORN3 protein, and immunofluorescence staining revealed that MORN3 was localized throughout the cytoplasm. Among multiple mouse tissues, about 25 kDa protein, was identified only in the testis. The protein was highly expressed after day 20 of birth. Immunofluorescence staining on mixed testicular cells isolated from adult wild-type mice demonstrated that MORN3 was expressed in the acrosome in germ cells throughout spermiogenesis. The protein was also present in the manchette of elongating spermatids. The total MORN3 expression and acrosome localization were not changed in the Meig 1-deficient mice. However, its expression in manchette was dramatically reduced in the mutant mice. Our studies suggest that MORN3 is another regulator for spermatogenesis, probably together with MEIG1. 相似文献