广州成人散发急性腹泻中诺瓦克样病毒感染及毒株型别初步研究

目的探讨诺瓦克样病毒与广州成人散发急性腹泻的病原关系和感染毒株的基因型别。方法采用ELISA方法筛检轮状病毒，RT-PCR方法检测诺瓦克样病毒，诺瓦克样病毒阳性样品的PCR产物经纯化、测序后进行基因分型。结果35份成人散发急性腹泻患者粪便标本中检出轮状病毒8例，诺瓦克样病毒4例，测序分析确定1株为诺瓦克样病毒GⅡ-3型，另1株为GⅡ-4型。结论广州成人散发急性腹泻患者中存在诺瓦克样病毒感染，且感染毒株的基因型别不一。     

某高校不同地域学员诺如病毒抗体阳性水平的调查研究

目的拟初步了解NVs感染在我国是否普遍存在,以丰富NVs感染的流行病学信息。方法利用酶联免疫吸附试验检测不同省份学员血清中的诺如病毒rNV、rMX和r387特异性IgG抗体水平。结果来自于22个省、直辖市、自治区的学员血清中均检出rNV、rMX和r387IgG抗体。不同地域学员rNV、rMX和r387 IgG抗体阳性率,仅rMX抗体阳性率在不同地域间有显著性差异。结论我国在广泛的空间存在NVs的感染,NVs抗体阳性率与不同地区的社会经济及生活卫生条件有关,不同的基因型的NVs可能在我国的分布有所不同。     

华南某部队感染性腹泻危险因素的干预性研究

本研究采用卫生宣教改善个人不良卫生习惯、饮用水消毒保证用水质量和落实饮食卫生制度把好病从口信关等三项主要干预措施，使该部腹泻病率从干预前的３．４７％下降到干预后２．０３％，下降４１．６７％，而同期非干预的友邻某团发病无明显变化，结果表明，只要措施真正贯彻落实，以切断传播途径为主的综合措施对控制驻营区部队的腹泻病是有效的。     

67例心血管外科手术中的用血体会

心脏手术复杂、多变,常需大量输血。在心肺转流术(CPB)下行心脏直视手术,因CPB本身就可激活凝血和纤溶系统,消耗凝血因子,常引起术后异常出血,更增加了库血和血制品的需求。大量输血不仅有可能传播疾病,也增加了患者的经济开支。因此,近年来节约用血、科学用血的呼声已引起了临     

副溶血弧菌tlh基因克隆载体和表达载体的构建

目的：构建含副溶血弧菌（vibrio parahaemolyticus,VP)tlh基因克隆载体和表达载体，检测并鉴定表达载体在转化菌的表达，为制备单抗、诊断试剂及进一步深入研究不耐热性溶血毒素（TLH）的功能奠定基础。方法：根据Genbank的tlh全基因序列，设计一对附加EcorV和HindⅢ两个限制性内切酶酶切位点的特异性引物，以VP基因组DNA为模板，用高保真Taq酶扩增出tlh基因。连接pGEM-T载体构建克隆载体，测序鉴定后，再用EcorV和HindⅢ酶切回收目的基因并克隆至表达载体pET32 ,采用PCR和双酶切鉴定筛选阳性质粒，转化DE3，IPTG诱导，用SDS－PAGE检测tlh的表达。结果：扩增的目的基因与GenBank的tlh比较具有99％的同源性，重组表达载体转化DE3，能表达融合蛋白。结论：本研究成功扩增出完整的tlh基因，构建了克隆载体和表达载体，获得融合表达的目的蛋白。     

肺切除术影响围手术期右心功能

Objective To investigate the changes of perioperative right ventricular function after pulmonary resction. Methods 45 cases of pulmonary resection were divided into four groups.Group Ⅰwas wedge resection(n = 10), GroupⅡ was lobectomy(n = 19), Group Ⅲ was double lobectomy(n=7)and Group Ⅳ was pneumonectomy(n=9). The changes of CVP, PAMP, PEP/ET, Sa, VTIs, RVSP, Ea/Aa, and Tel were evaluated by traditional ultrasonic and tissue Doppler ultrasonic techniques at different time inter- vals (pre-operation, 5-7 days orland 1 month post-operation), Results Compared with the pre-operation CVP, the indexes of all groups have no significant changes post-operatively. Wedge resection didn' t obviously influence right cardiac after load and systolic function/diastolic function. No evidet changes detected in Tei pre-and post-operatively. However, the indexes (PAMP, RVSP and PEP/ET ratio) reflecting right cardiac afterload evidently increased at post-pneumonectomy or lobectomy group5- 7 days post-opera- tive. All these reflect the decrease of Tei, which was more obvious in pneumonectomy than in lobectomy group. Right cardiac after- load, systolic/diastolic function and Tel index recovered to pre-operative level 1 month post-operation in single lobectomy group. But the above indicators, especially the Tel, were still high in double lobectomy and pmeunonectomy groups 1 morth post-operation.Tei index is positively correlated with PAMP and is weakly correlated with PET/ET ratio and Ea/Aa ratio. Conclusion Pulmonary wedge resection doesn't evidently influence right cardiac function. However, right cardiac diastolic function evidently decreases temporarily at lobectomy group. The systolic function and diastolic funetions decrease after double-lobectomy and pneumonectomy and it's more evident in pneumonectomy group. Though the right cardiac afterloads of lobectomy, double lobectomy and pneumonectomy groupa all increase significantly post-operativlye, only the former recover to pre-operative level 1 month after surgery.     

广州地区人类杯状病毒感染的初步研究

目的 了解广州地区儿童中是否存在人类杯状病毒(HuCV)感染并初步探讨其感染水平。方法 用ELISA法和RT-PCR分别检测266份不同年龄段儿童血清中诺沃克样病毒(NLV)的rNV、rMX和r387特异性IgG抗体和粪便标本中的。HuCV RNA并将扩增目的产物同基因文库中的病毒序列进行比较分析。结果 血清中的rNV、rMX和r387IgG抗体阳性率分别为68.0％、51．5％和71.1％。腹泻高峰期收集的100份散发非菌性胃肠炎病例粪便标本中检出HuCV4株，均为NLV。在广州某学校暴发型非细菌性胃肠炎患者的10份标本中检出NLV3株。结论 广州地区存在NLV引起的散发和暴发性非菌性胃肠炎，当地儿童在婴幼儿期即获得NLV感染，感染率有随年龄增加而升高的趋势。     

鼻腔真菌病致鼻中隔穿孔1例

患者，女，47岁，农民。因“渐进性鼻塞并鼻臭半年”入院。有时伴黄脓涕，量不多，伴嗅觉减退，无涕中带血，无发热、头痛、面部麻木及视力下降，无其他不适。体检：外鼻无畸形，双鼻腔中后端可见大量褐黄色干酪样物积聚，表面可见大量的黄白色脓性分泌物，触之易脆，易出血，不痛，右中鼻道前端可见少许白色分泌物，右上颌窦区轻压痛。     

不停跳心内直视手术的体外循环管理体会

我院自2001年4月～2003年10月共施行不停跳下心内直视手术8例，取得较好的临床效果。现将体外循环中的体会报道如下。     

Detection of HBsAg and HBV DNA in sweat of HBsAg carriers

HBsAg and HBV DNA in the sweat of HBsAg carriers were detected.Thepositivity rates were 26.1%(12/46)by RIA and 17.4%(8/45)by dot blot hybridization.No HBsAg and HBV DNA were found in 6 persons with negative serum HBsAg.Viralparticles were observed in the sweat by means of immunoelectronic microscope.When se-rum HBeAg or HBV DNA were positive,the positivity rates of HBsAg and HBV DNAin sweat were higher than those with negative serum HBeAg and HBV DNA,and the dif-ference was significant.The results suggested that HBV may be excreted out ofbody through the sweat glands of serum HBsAg carriers,and contaminate environmentalobjects,which may play a role in contact transmission of hepatitis B.No relationshipswere found between anti-HBc,anti-HBe,titer of serum HBsAg and positivity rates ofHBsAg and HBV DNA in sweat.