Characteristic Enhancement of Hetero Dielectric DG TFET Using SiGe Pocket at Source/Channel Interface: Proposal and Investigation

Silicon - This paper reports a method to suppress the ambipolar effect and enhance the on-state current in Tunnel Field Effect Transistor by exploiting the advantages of Silicon-Germanium (SiGe)....     

A facile synthesis of nontoxic luminescent carbon dots for detection of chromium and iron in real water sample and bio-imaging

In this study, we have reported the synthesis of luminescent carbon dots (CDs) from indigenous potato sources by simple heating reactions. The as-synthesized CDs exhibited an average size of ~ 5.97 nm with a quantum yield (QY) of 6.08%. Furthermore, the CDs possessed high water-solubility, possibly due to the presence of ─COOH and ─OH groups on their surfaces. The quenching of luminescence of the CDs specifically by Cr⁶⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions was used to detect chromium and iron in the water sample. The minimum limit of detection (LOD) for Cr⁶⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions was found to be 0.012 μM and 0.000549 μM, respectively, in a linear range of 0.5 μM-100 μM and 0.5 μM-5 μM for Cr⁶⁺ and Fe³⁺, respectively, which was well below the concentration specified by WHO. We used our sensing system to detect the metal ions in water from the Brahmaputra River as well as in tannery water. In addition, the MTT-based cell viability experiments showed that the CDs were nontoxic within 200 μg/mL. High quantum yield and the easy uptake of CDs enabled the quick labelling of cytoplasm of the HeLa cells, which can be further attributed to bioimaging applications.     

A hexanuclear cerium(IV) cluster with mixed coordination environment

Synthesis and structure of a modified intermediate derived from ammonium cerium(IV) nitrate for oxidative reactions as a hexanuclear cerium(IV) complex that has cerium ions in two different coordination environment is reported. The complex having ability to oxidise three moles of catechol to corresponding quinone has a composition NH₄[Ce₆(µ³-O)₅(µ³-OH)₃(µ²-C₆H₅COO)₉(NO₃)₃(DMF)₃].DMF.H₂O is prepared under room temperature and is characterised by X-ray crystallography.     

A novel fault classification-based fault-tolerant control for two degree of freedom helicopter systems

Fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) plays an essential role in identifying and isolating various faults in a system. In general, fault detection is attained by monitoring the extent of matching between the actual operating condition and an analytical model prediction. This process aids in achieving enhanced performance, and for operating the system within the acceptable bounds. In this article, a neural network-based classification method and fuzzy-based control strategy are adapted to perform FDD on a two degree of freedom (2DoF) helicopter system. The operating voltage, pitch, and yaw outputs of the 2DoF helicopter system were considered for developing the algorithm. The signal processing properties of the discrete wavelet transform and pattern recognition properties of a multilayer perceptron neural network are adapted to design the classification algorithm. The developed algorithm improves training and testing efficiency. In order to reinstate the normal operation of the system, the classifier output is integrated with a hybrid fuzzy-proportional integral derivative controller. This control technique enhances the 2DoF helicopter response as the time taken by the pitch and yaw angle to settle trajectory is reduced. The results depicted validate the efficiency of the projected approach.     

CSD,a database of microbial strains for carbon fixation

The CSD database contains a list of microorganisms involved in biological fixation of carbon dioxide. The database allows managing of information related to carbon dioxide fixation utilizing microbes belonging to four different classes i.e. microorganisms, genus listing, mechanisms and literature. The database can help in devising biological strategies for reducing carbon dioxide from the environment. It can also serve as comprehensive knowledgebase to search the microbes capable of utilizing carbon dioxide.     

Mycorrhization of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L) to enhance the concentration and quality of essential oil

The effect of association of two vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi, Glomus macrocarpum and G fasciculatum, on the concentration and composition of essential oil in coriander (Coriandrum sativum) was studied. VAM inoculation increased the essential oil concentration in fruits by as much as 43%. Although significant variation in effectiveness of the two fungal species was observed, the quality of essential oil was significantly enhanced on mycorrhization. GC characterisation of essential oil showed increased concentration of geraniol and linalool in plants inoculated with G macrocarpum and G fasciculatum respectively. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry     

Current mode instrumentation amplifier with CDCCC

Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing - In this paper, a new current-mode instrumentation amplifier is presented using a single current differencing current controlled current conveyor...     

Transplantation of hippocampal cell lines restore spatial learning in rats with ventral subicular lesions.

We have demonstrated in our previous studies that ventral subicular lesion induces neurodegeneration of the hippocampus and produces cognitive impairment in rats. In the present study, the efficacy of transplanted green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled hippocampal cell line (H3-GFP) cells in establishing functional recovery in ventral subicular lesioned rats has been evaluated. The survival of H3-GFP transplants and their ability to express trophic factors in vivo were also investigated. Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to selective lesioning of ventral subiculum and were transplanted with H3-GFP cells into the cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) hippocampus. The transplants settled mainly in the dentate gyrus and expressed neurotrophic factors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). The ventral subicular lesioned (VSL) rats with H3-GFP transplants showed enhanced expression of BDNF in the hippocampus and performed well in eight-arm radial maze and Morris water maze tasks. The VSL rats without hippocampal transplants continued to show cognitive impairment in task learning. The present study demonstrated the H3-GFP transplants mediated recovery of cognitive functions in VSL rats. Our study supports the notion of graft meditated host regeneration and functional recovery through trophic support, although these mechanisms require further investigation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Adaptive second-order sliding-mode controller for shank-foot orthosis system

Recently, the actuated orthosis is highly utilised to support the knee-joint movement of rehabilitees. However, uncertain disturbances arising in a nonlinear orthosis system is difficult to control, which in turn reduces the stability of the system. In this paper, an Adaptive Second-order Sliding-Mode Control (ASoSMC) is proposed to control the shank-foot orthosis system. Here, the actual position, velocity, and acceleration of the system are estimated using the final torque to determine the overall movement of the system. Moreover, these actual values are estimated by varying the sliding surface of the sliding-mode control and the positive gain of the system. Further, the performance is compared with conventional methods like Second-order Sliding-Mode Control (SoSMC) and Fuzzy SoSMC in terms of root-mean-square error, sliding surface, and positive gain. The controlling by ASoSMC is found to be precise in defining the position, velocity, and acceleration of the system against conventional methods.