融合深度置信网络与与核极限学习机算法的核磁共振测井储层渗透率预测方法

由于低孔低渗储层孔隙结构较为复杂,现有核磁共振（NMR）测井渗透率模型对于低孔低渗储层预测精度不高。为此,提出一种融合深度置信网络（DBN）算法与核极限学习机（KELM）算法的渗透率预测方法。该方法首先对DBN模型进行预训练,然后将KELM模型作为预测器放置在训练好DBN模型后,利用训练数据进行有监督的训练,最终形成深度置信-核极限学习机（DBKELMN）模型。考虑到该模型需充分利用反映孔隙结构的横向弛豫时间谱信息,将离散化后的核磁共振测井横向弛豫时间谱作为输入,渗透率作为输出,确定NMR测井横向弛豫时间谱与渗透率的函数关系,并基于该函数关系对储层渗透率进行预测。实例应用表明,融合DBN算法与KELM算法的渗透率预测方法是有效的,预测样本的平均绝对误差（MAE）较斯伦贝谢道尔研究中心（SDR）模型降低了0.34。融合DBN算法与KELM算法的渗透率预测方法可提高低孔渗储层渗透率预测精度,可应用于油气田勘探开发。     

一种面向工业机器人系统可靠度配置的定量评价方法

提出一种面向工业机器人系统可靠度配置的定量评价方法（RDEM）,首先通过分别定量求出用户要求的满足度及用户要求实现的困难度,然后利用两者之比进行系统可靠度配置方案的评价和筛选。     

不同施工工法对断层隧道的力学响应分析

断层破碎带是隧道施工中常见的不良地质构造,在断层破碎带附近施工时常常会引发围岩失稳甚至塌方等问题。因此依托某高速公路隧道,利用FLAC3D建立三维分析模型,研究施工方法对隧道围岩稳定和支护结构的影响,计算结果表明：在3种施工工法下,断层破碎带位置围岩的拱顶沉降值和拱底隆起值显著大于围岩正常段的,同时初期支护结构在断层破碎带和围岩正常段交界处的受力最大。环形开挖预留核心土工法施工引起的拱顶沉降最大值为51.45 mm,拱底隆起最大值为121.25 mm,初期支护结构的主应力最大值为15.27 MPa,各项数据均优于其余两种工法的对应值,表明该工法对保持围岩稳定效果最佳。现场监测结果也表明断层破碎带附近的拱顶沉降值要大于围岩正常段的拱顶沉降值,在现场施工中要加强断层破碎带位置处的监测并做好安全措施。     

聚氨酯改性酚醛树脂的研究

本研究采用化学改性的方法,以聚氨酯弹性体为改性单元,对酚醛树脂进行增韧改性,以期改善其作为树脂磨具粘结剂的使用性能。通过对不同聚氨酯含量的改性酚醛树脂粉的耐热性能、拉伸强度、弯曲强度、硬度、切削性能等进行测定,得到以下实验结果：聚氨酯含量为20％的改性酚醛树脂的拉伸强度比未改性酚醛树脂提高了19％,弯曲强度提高了16％,硬度也提高了一个等级,达到Q级。在改性酚醛树脂作为树脂切割片结合剂的应用研究中,发现以聚氨酯含量为20％的改性酚醛树脂为结合剂的树脂切割片的自锐性得到大幅度提高,切削速度提高了2．7倍．     

基于事件触发机制的一类非严格反馈非线性系统的自适应神经网络追踪控制

基于事件触发机制,研究了一类非严格反馈非线性系统的自适应神经网络追踪控制问题.结合反步技术、神经网络和事件触发机制,提出了一种自适应神经网络控制方案,减少了数据传输量并减轻了控制器和执行器之间的传递负担,保证了输出信号尽可能地追踪到参考信号,同时使得闭环系统的所有信号有界.此外,通过避免芝诺现象保证了所提事件触发机制的可行性.最后,给出一个例子验证了所提出策略的有效性.     

基于空间—波数域联合深度学习的数值频散压制

有限差分法是地震勘探领域常用的波场数值模拟方法，当空间网格间距大或使用低阶差分算子时会产生严重数值频散现象，影响模拟精度。为此提出一种基于联合学习深度卷积神经网络的数值频散压制方法，该方法使用卷积神经网络自适应提取波场特征进行频散校正。首先，利用波场数据在空间域和波数域的稀疏特征构建残差学习卷积神经网络，提取波场的主要特征；其次，基于L₁范数对网络模型进行稀疏优化，降低模型的复杂度，增加网络的泛化能力；最后，构造联合目标优化函数，使网络在空间—波数域联合约束的语义下学习频散压制的非线性逼近能力。将所提方法应用到不同模型正演的波场数据，结果表明：该方法可有效保护地震信号、压制频散；将网络与迁移学习结合，用于新模型的正演数据，可取得较好效果。与同类算法相比，该方法可以提高粗网格的计算精度、降低计算成本，所得波场快照具有较高的信噪比。     

Mimicking Molecular Chaperones to Regulate Protein Folding

Folding and unfolding are essential ways for a protein to regulate its biological activity. The misfolding of proteins usually reduces or completely compromises their biological functions, which eventually causes a wide range of diseases including neurodegeneration diseases, type II diabetes, and cancers. Therefore, materials that can regulate protein folding and maintain proteostasis are of significant biological and medical importance. In living organisms, molecular chaperones are a family of proteins that maintain proteostasis by interacting with, stabilizing, and repairing various non-native proteins. In the past few decades, efforts have been made to create artificial systems to mimic the structure and biological functions of nature chaperonins. Herein, recent progress in the design and construction of materials that mimic different kinds of natural molecular chaperones is summarized. The fabrication methods, construction rules, and working mechanisms of these artificial chaperone systems are described. The application of these materials in enhancing the thermal stability of proteins, assisting de novo folding of proteins, and preventing formation of toxic protein aggregates is also highlighted and explored. Finally, the challenges and potential in the field of chaperone-mimetic materials are discussed.     

A novel compression framework of the dense point-cloud model for cultural heritage artifacts

Multimedia Tools and Applications - With the help of laser scanner, the accurate digital information of cultural relics can be obtained. However, how to transfer the enormous and dense data by an...     

Recent advances and future challenges in the use of nanoparticles for the dispersal of infectious biofilms

Increasing occurrence of intrinsically antimicrobial-resistant,human pathogens and the protective biofilm-mode in which they grow,dictates a need for the alternative control of infectious biofilms.Biofilm bacteria utilize dispersal mechanisms to detach parts of a biofilm as part of the biofilm life-cycle during times of nutrient scarcity or overpopulation.We here identify recent advances and future challenges in the development of dispersants as a new infection-control strategy.Deoxyribonuclease(DNase)and other extracellular enzymes can disrupt the extracellular matrix of a biofilm to cause dispersal.Also,a variety of small molecules,reactive oxygen species,nitric oxide releasing compounds,peptides and molecules regulating signaling pathways in biofilms have been described as dispersants.On their own,dispersants do not inhibit bacterial growth or kill bacterial pathogens.Both natural,as well as artificial dispersants,are unstable and hydrophobic which necessitate their encapsulation in smart nanocarriers,like pH-responsive micelles,liposomes or hydrogels.Depending on their composition,nanoparticles can also possess intrinsic dispersant properties.Bacteria dispersed from an infectious biofilm end up in the blood circulation where they are cleared by host immune cells.However,this sudden increase in bacte-rial concentration can also cause sepsis.Simultaneous antibiotic loading of nanoparticles with dispersant properties or combined administration of dispersants and antibiotics can counter this threat.Importantly,biofilm remaining after dispersant administration appears more susceptible to existing antibiotics.Being part of the natural biofilm life-cycle,no signs of"dispersant-resistance"have been observed.Dispersants are therewith promising for the control of infectious biofilms.     

Optimization of microwave absorption properties of C/NiP microfiber composites

Core-shell C/NiP microfiber composites were fabricated via electroless plating in this work. Their microstructure and electromagnetic properties were adjusted by annealing treatment and different phosphorus (P) content in the NiP coating. The C/NiP microfibers composites with 6 wt % P content in the NiP coating annealed at 300 °C remarkably owns ?46.7 dB strong reflection loss at 10.0 GHz with the thickness of 2.0 mm, and the effective bandwidth (RL ≤ ?10 dB) reaches 8.1 GHz (3.1–11.2 GHz). This work shows that the annealing conditions and different P concentrations in the coating layers for C/NiP microfibers composites are the effective way to optimize the electromagnetic wave absorption performance.