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排序方式: 共有9107条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
31.
Tony Maillet Jacques Barbier Jr. Daniel Duprez 《Applied catalysis. B, Environmental》1996,9(1-4):251-266
A 1% Pd catalyst (38% dispersion) was prepared by impregnating a γ-alumina with palladium acetylacetonate dissolved in acetone. The behaviour of this catalyst in oxidation and steam reforming (SR) of propane was investigated. Temperature-programmed reactions of C3H8 with O2 or with O2 + H2O were carried out with different stoichiometric ratios S(S =[O2]/5[C3H8]). The conversion profiles of C3H8 for the reaction carried out in substoichiometry of O2 (S < 1) showed two discrete domains of conversion: oxidation at temperatures below 350°C and SR at temperatures above 350°C. The presence of steam in the inlet gases is not necessary for SR to occur: there is sufficient water produced in the oxidation to form H2 and carbon oxides by this reaction. Contrary to what was observed with Pt, an apparent deactivation between 310 and 385°C could be observed with Pd in oxidation. This is due to a reduction of PdOx into Pd0, which is much less active than the oxide in propane oxidation. Steam added to the reactants inhibits oxidation while it prevents the reduction of PdOx into Pd0. Compared to Pt and to Rh, Pd has a higher thermal resistance: no deactivation occurred after treatment up to 700°C and limited deactivation after treatment up to 900°C, provided that the catalyst is maintained in an oxygen-rich atmosphere during the cooling. 相似文献
32.
J. H. Edgar C. A. Carosella C. R. Eddy Jr D. T. Smith 《Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics》1996,7(4):247-253
The effects of nitrogen-beam voltage on the structure, stress, energy band gap and hardness of AIN thin films deposited on Si (111), Si (100) and sapphire (0001) by ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) are reported. As the nitrogen-beam voltage was increased from 50 to 200 V, the stress and disorder in the AIN films increased as determined by X-ray diffraction, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. The preferred orientation of the film's c-axis changed from completely normal to the film at 100 V, to a mixture of normal and in the plane of the film at 200 V. For AIN films deposited under the same conditions, the films were more highly oriented on sapphire (0001) than in Si (111). The hardness of the films increased from 18.2 to 23.7 GPa with the nitrogen-beam voltage, and possible reasons for this change in hardness are considered. 相似文献
33.
Chemometrics has enjoyed tremendous success in the areas related to calibration of spectrometers and spectroscopy-based measurements. These chemometric-based spectrometers have been widely applied for process monitoring and quality assurance. However, chemometrics has the potential to revolutionize the very intellectual roots of problem solving. Are there barriers to a more rapid proliferation of chemometric-based thinking, particularly in industry? What are the potential effects of chemometrics technology and the New Network Economy (NNE) working in concert? Who will be the winners in the race for faster, better, cheaper systems and products? These questions are reviewed in terms of the principles of the NNE and in the promise of chemometrics for industry. What then is the state of multivariate thinking in industry? Several powerful principles are derived from an evaluation of the NNE and chemometrics which could allow chemometrics to proliferate much more rapidly as a key general problem-solving tool. 相似文献
34.
L. Palermo Jr.
M. Rachid
W. S. Venturini 《Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements》1992,9(4):359-363In this article the direct boundary element formulations of stretching and bending plate problems are combined together to solve thin walled structures and other similar frames. The final system is obtained by assuming each individual plane structural element as a subregion. After the necessary transforms of these equations they can be combined together taking into account the displacement compatibility and equilibrium conditions. 相似文献
35.
36.
D.L Orphal C.E Anderson Jr. R.R Franzen J.D Walker P.N Schneidewind M.E Majerus 《International Journal of Impact Engineering》1993,14(1-4):551-560
Calculations of steel target penetration by L/D ≤ 1 tungsten and tungsten alloy projectiles have been extended to L/D = 1/32 over the velocity range 1.5 to 5 km/s. The ratio of crater to projectile diameter tends to 1 as L/D decreases over this entire velocity range. For impact velocities of 1.5 and 3 km/s, penetration depth normalized by projectile length, P/L, increases with decreasing projectile L/D up to a maximum value and then decreases for still lower L/D. Experiments at impact velocities of 2 and 3 km/s confirm these results. For 5 km/s impact velocity, the calculations show P/L increasing with decreasing projectile L/D over the entire range 1/32 ≤ L/D ≤ 1. The projectile L/D for which the maximum P/L occurs appears to depend on the impact velocity. P/L generally scales with impact velocity as P/L vf(L/D) where f(L/D) ranges from 0 for a long rod to, we believe, 2 in the limit as projectile L/D approaches zero. The calculations show for 1/8 ≤ L/D ≤ 1/2, P/L v0.9; for L/D = 1/16, P/L v1.5; and for L/D = 1/32, the new results give P/L v1.9. 相似文献
37.
John P. Wikswo Jr. Nestor G. Sepulveda Yu Pei Ma W. Patrick Henry Daniel J. Staton Duane Crum 《Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation》1993,12(2):109-119
A SQUID magnetometer can be used to measure the magnetic field produced by flaws in a two-dimensional, conducting plate carrying a current. Identification of the flaw-induced magnetic field is difficult because of the large magnetic field associated with the edges of the plate and the current in the leads that connect the plate to the power supply. We have developed a technique by which the wire and edge fields can be cancelled prior to mapping the magnetic field. In this technique, a similar unflawed conducting sheet is placed adjacent to the flawed plate, with a connection between the sheet and the plate at one edge, and with the opposite edges of the sheet and of the plate connected to the two conductors of a coaxial cable. Thus, an applied current will flow along one conductor of the cable, across the cancelling sheet, cross into the flawed plate, return along the plate, and then return to the power supply along the other conductor of the coaxial cable. As a result of this geometry, there is no magnetic field from the lead-in wires because they are coaxial, and the magnetic field due to the edges of the plate is cancelled by the opposing magnetic field of the edges in the adjacent sheet. The extent of cancellation is determined primarily by the separation between the plate and the cancelling sheet, by the thickness of the plate, and by macroscopic inhomogeneities in their electrical conductivities. 相似文献
38.
Lott J.A. Schneider R.P. Jr Vawter G.A. Zolper J.C. Malloy K.J. 《Electronics letters》1993,29(4):328-329
The demonstration of the first visible resonant cavity light-emitting diodes (RCLEDs) is reported. The devices consist of an InAlGaP strained quantum well active region surrounded by AlAs/AlGaAs distributed Bragg reflectors. Linewidths from 0.9 mm (2.6 meV) to 45 nm (12.8 meV) were obtained by varying the cavity factor (Q).<> 相似文献
39.
It has been shown experimentally that the master curve for creep deformation versus the ratio of time to fracture time, can be obtained for smooth, notched and precracked specimens of Cr-Mo-V steel, a high-temperature ductile material. A simple unified constitutive equation, i.e. a master curve equation, has been proposed. It is suggested that there is some correlation between the creep deformation fracture curve and the creep damage size master curve. Although the range of the applicability of methodology might be rather limited, the development of this concept is needed for improved long-term creep lives and for other creep ductile materials. 相似文献
40.
J. Lee R. T. Haftka O. H. Griffin Jr. L. T. Watson M. D. Sensmeier 《Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization》1994,8(2-3):93-100
The present study proposes a detection technique for delaminations in a laminated beam. The proposed technique optimizes the spatial distribution of harmonic excitation so as to magnify the difference in response between the delaminated and intact beam. The technique is evaluated by numerical simulation of two-layered aluminum beams. Effects of measurement and geometric noise are included in the analysis. A finite element model for a delaminated composite, based on a layer-wise laminated plate theory is used in conjunction with a step function to simulate delaminations 相似文献