采用无偏振片反射式LCD及超低功耗驱动技术制造移动显示器件

我们通过对材料和制备条件的精细化处理,生产出一种在低刷新频率下无闪烁和图像迟滞现象的反射式显示器。该显示器的功耗非常低,且可在宽温度范围内工作,是未来移动显示器件的潜力平台。     

Modeling of extraction behavior of docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester by utilizing slug flow prepared by microreactor

The liquid–liquid extraction dynamics of an ethyl ester of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA‐Et) with silver ion was investigated. The kinetic model was derived according to the following stepwise processes: Diffusion of DHA‐Et across the organic film, complex‐formation between DHA‐Et and silver ion at the interface, and diffusion of extracted complex across the aqueous film. The kinetic parameters for the complex‐formation reaction were determined from the investigation with the stirred transfer cell. With the proposed model and determined parameters, we predicted the uptakes of DHA‐Et for the extraction system utilizing a slug flow prepared by a microchip. The calculated uptakes showed good correlation to the experimental data. The theoretical investigation suggested that the fast equilibration realized for the slug flow extraction system was due to the large specific interfacial area of the slug caused by the presence of wall film and the thin liquid film caused by the internal circulation. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010     

Development of a strain for efficient degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls by patchwork assembly of degradation pathways

Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 accumulates chlorobenzoates (CBA) during the degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). CBA degradation is considered one of the rate-limiting steps in the complete degradation of PCBs. To reduce the accumulation of CBAs, the upper pathway enzyme genes for PCB degradation of RHA1 were introduced into a CBA-degrading bacterium, Burkholderia sp. NK8. The resulting recombinant strain exhibited no biphenyl 2,3-dioxygenase (BphA) activity encoded by bphAaAbAcAd genes, which encode the large and small subunits of the terminal oxygenase component and the ferredoxin and reductase subunits responsible for electron transfer from NADH to the large subunit. The remaining enzyme genes involved in the transformation of biphenyl to benzoate, bphB2C1D1, which encode dehydrogenase, ring-cleavage dioxygenase and hydrolase, conferred activities to NK8. To obtain the BphA activity of RHA1 in NK8, sets of BphA genes were constructed by combining the bphAaAbAcAd genes of RHA1 and bphA3A4 of Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707, encoding the ferredoxin and reductase subunits. Hybrid derivatives of BphA containing the KF707 bphA3 conferred BphA activity to NK8, and a derivative containing the RHA1 bphAaAb and KF707 bphA3A4 genes exhibited the highest BphA activity. A plasmid containing the RHA1 bphAaAb and KF707 bphA3A4 genes plus the RHA1 bphB2C1D1 genes was constructed and introduced into NK8. The resulting recombinant strain efficiently degraded 2-, 3- and 4-chlorobiphenyls with an apparent reduction in CBA accumulation in comparison to the recombinant mutant strain, which had an insertion in the cbeA gene to inactivate CBA dioxygenase.     

Physicochemical properties of monosodium glutamate-compounded tapioca starch exceeds those of simple heat-moisture treated starch

Monosodium glutamate (GluNa)-compounded starch was prepared by heat-moisture treating a mixture of tapioca starch and GluNa. GluNa-compounded starch exhibited a higher gelatinization temperature and reduced swelling and solubility, essentially lower hardness of the granule center, and paste viscosity than those of the heat-moisture treated tapioca starch and the untreated starch. However, its appearance, unit chain length distribution, and α-amylase digestibility were similar to those of the heat-moisture treated tapioca. It is thus concluded that GluNa compounding is useful for providing a unique type of starch that possesses a less swollen and viscous texture than that produced with simple heat-moisture treatment.     

Application of microalgae hydrolysate as a fermentation medium for microbial production of 2-pyrone 4,6-dicarboxylic acid

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Levels of phthalates and adipates in processed foods and migration of di-isononyl adipate from polyvinyl chloride film into foods

The levels of dibutyl phthalate (DBP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP), di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEPHP), di-isononyl phthalate (DINP), di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA) and di-isononyl adipate (DINA) were determined in 50 processed foods (ham and sausage, fried dumpling and shao-mai, fish paste products, croquette and fried fish, bread, noodle, pickles, etc.). DBP, BBP, DEHP, DINP, DEHA, and DINA were contained at nd approximately 47.7, nd approximately 16.6, nd approximately 749, nd approximately 358, nd approximately 57.2 and nd approximately 20,200 ppb, respectively. High-level contamination of DINA was found in fish paste products, croquette and shao-mai, presumably because of migration from plasticized wrapping film using for food packaging. We studied the relationship between DINA migration from wrapped PVC film into fried croquette and its standing time after frying. When the croquette was wrapped immediately after frying, the migration from wrapping film into the croquette was highest (36,400 ng/g). On wrapping after standing for 5 min and 30 min, the migration level was reduced to 1/3.5 and 1/14 of the highest level, respectively.     

Hydrogen entry into Fe and high strength steels under simulated atmospheric corrosion

Electrochemical hydrogen permeation tests of Fe sheets under two cyclic corrosion test (CCT) conditions were performed to understand hydrogen entry behavior under atmospheric corrosions. Hydrogen entry into 1300 MPa-class high strength steels under two CCT conditions was also investigated using thermal desorption analysis. One CCT consisted of salt spray, dry and wet stages (Salt Spray CCT; SSCCT), and the other consisted of dry and wet stages after NaCl deposition (Dry–Wet CCT; DWCCT). The corrosion rates of Fe and the steels were almost constant under SSCCT and they decreased under DWCCT with time. Nevertheless, both CCTs resulted in increases in hydrogen permeation current and diffusible hydrogen content with time indicating enhancement of hydrogen entry. Corrosion current monitored by means of an atmospheric corrosion monitoring sensor consisting of Fe anode and Ag cathode decreased obviously under dry stage of the CCTs, whereas hydrogen permeation was high at the beginning of the dry stage. The discrepancy between hydrogen entry and corrosion rate indicates that the hydrogen entry is not directly controlled by corrosion rate. Increase in acidity of underlying rust layer with growth of rust layer monitored using a W/WO₃ electrode is considered to be one of the factors affecting the hydrogen entry efficiency.     

Production of Fullerenes by Combustion

The progress in the production of fullerenes from flaming soot is reviewed in terms of the experimental conditions, characteristics in the product distribution, and formation mechanisms.     

Sub-millimeter-long carbon nanotubes repeatedly grown on and separated from ceramic beads in a single fluidized bed reactor

A semi-continuous fluidized-bed process is reported which rapidly converts acetylene into carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Catalysts are first immobilized on ceramic beads and CNTs are then grown on the beads and then separated from them in a repetitive process accomplished within a single reactor simply by switching gases at a fixed temperature. CNTs of 6–10 nm diameter, three walls on average, 0.4 mm length and 99 wt.% purity were synthesized at an yield of over 70% in a reactor residence time shorter than 0.3 s. The easy and efficient production of such CNTs with in situ separation from the catalysts may accelerate the development of CNT-based nanotechnology industries.     

Enhancement of C2C12 differentiation by perfluorocarbon-mediated oxygen delivery

We have studied the effect of enhanced oxygen delivery by perfluorocarbons on the differentiation of C2C12 cells. The extent of differentiation was assessed by means of phase contrast/fluorescence microscopy, active tension measurement and the glucose consumption/lactate production rates. We found that enhanced oxygen delivery is suitable for full differentiation of C2C12 cells.