Decreased cortical thickness of left premotor cortex as a treatment predictor in major depressive disorder

Brain Imaging and Behavior - This study aimed to examine the cerebral cortex characteristics (thickness, surface area, and curvature) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), and explore...     

Abnormal brain activity patterns during spatial working memory task in patients with end-stage renal disease on maintenance hemodialysis: a fMRI study

Hemodialysis (HD) is associated with cognitive impairment in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, the neural mechanism of spatial working memory (SWM) impairment in HD-ESRD patients remains unclear. We investigated the abnormal alterations in SWM-associated brain activity patterns in HD-ESRD patients using blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) technique during n-back tasks. Twenty-two HD-ESRD patients and 22 well-matched controls underwent an fMRI scan while undergoing a three-load n-back tasks with different difficulty levels. Cognitive and mental states were assessed using a battery of neuropsychologic tests. The HD-ESRD patients exhibited worse memory abilities than controls. Compared with the control group, the HD-ESRD patient group showed lower accuracy and longer response time under the n-back tasks, especially in the 2-back task. The patterns of brain activation changed under different working memory loads in the HD-ESRD patients, showing decreased activity in the right medial frontal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus under 0-back and 1-back task, while more decreased activation in the bilateral frontal cortex, parietal lobule, anterior/posterior cingulate cortex and insula cortex under 2-back task. With the increase of task difficulty, the activation degree of the frontal and parietal cortex decreased. More importantly, we found that lower activation in frontal cortex and parietal lobule was associated with worse cognitive function in the HD-ESRD patients. These results demonstrate that the abnormal brain activity patterns of frontal cortex and parietal lobule may reflect the neural mediation of SWM impairment.

     

数字化三维重建技术辅助腹壁浅动脉皮瓣修复口腔颌面部缺损的应用研究

目的探讨数字化三维重建技术在腹壁浅动脉皮瓣修复口腔颌面部缺损中的应用价值。方法选取2018年1月至2019年10月就诊于蚌埠医学院第一附属医院口腔颌面外科拟行腹壁浅动脉皮瓣修复的口腔癌患者12例,其中男性8例,女性4例;年龄(57.4±12.6)岁。其中鳞状细胞癌10例,腺样囊性癌1例,黏液表皮样癌1例。术前均行下腹部CT血管造影,并将数据导入AW4.7软件进行后处理,挑选左侧或右侧优势供区,明确皮瓣血供的起源、管径、走行及穿出点位置,利用数字化三维重建技术指导皮瓣术前设计。结果12例患者中采用腹壁浅动脉皮瓣修复者11例,1例由于未发现腹壁浅动脉,术中转为旋髂浅动脉皮瓣修复。11例采用腹壁浅动脉皮瓣修复的患者,其术前CT血管造影测量的腹壁浅动脉管径[(1.0±0.3)mm]与术中实际测量值[(1.1±0.3)mm]差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。1例术后发生静脉血管危象,其余皮瓣均顺利成活。随访6~12个月,平均10个月,供区受区均一期愈合,未出现明显并发症,腹部瘢痕隐蔽。结论在腹壁浅动脉皮瓣修复口腔颌面部缺损重建术中,术前采用数字化三维重建技术可客观反映腹壁浅动脉的管径及走行位置等信息,有效降低皮瓣手术难度和风险。     

常规消毒对ProTaper镍钛根管锉抗拉强度的影响

目的 探讨超声清洗时间和消毒灭菌频率对镍钛根管锉的抗拉性能的影响,以了解超声清洗和高温高压消毒灭菌法在镍钛根管锉灭菌中应用的安全性和可行性.方法 采用全新的ProTaper S2锉和F2锉各25支,分为5组:标准组(未处理)、对照组(未超声-高压灭菌)、A组(超声震荡50 min+高压灭菌5次)、B组(超声震荡100 min+高压灭菌10次)、C组(超声震荡150 min+高压灭菌15次),分别用万能测试仪对其进行抗拉伸强度的性能试验.结果 S2及F2的标准组之间的抗拉伸强度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),提示样本间不存在差异性;经不同时间超声清洗及不同次数高温高压处理的S2镍钛锉抗拉伸强度测试结果显示:对照组、A组、B组、C组分别为(76.58±4.87)MPa、(71.00±5.39)MPa、(72.33±3.43)MPa、(66.81±4.08)MPa;F2镍钛锉抗拉伸强度结果分别为:(111.75±6.83)MPa、(110.46±3.88)MPa、(107.29±3.89)MPa、(94.53±6.61)MPa;A、B组与对照组的ProTaper S2锉和F2锉的抗拉强度差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),即镍钛锉经超声震荡50 min+高压灭菌5次及超声震荡100 min+高压灭菌10次消毒后,其抗拉伸强度无明显影响;C组与对照组间差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05),即镍钛锉经超声震荡150 min+高压灭菌15次消毒后,对其抗拉伸强度有影响.结论 常规超声-高压灭菌消毒超过一定频率可能增加ProTaper系统镍钛根管锉折断可能性.     

FGFR4 and TGF-β1 Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Correlation with Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis

Objective: To investigate the expression and correlation of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis.Materials and methods: The expression of TGF-β1 and FGFR4 in 126 HCC samples was detected immunohistochemically. Combined with clinical postoperative follow-up data, the expression of TGF-β1 and FGFR4 in HCC and the relationship with the prognosis of patients were analyzed by statistically.Results: The positive expression rate of TGF-β1 was 84.1% (106/126) in tumors, and that in peritumoral liver tissues was 64.3% (81/126); the positive expression rate of FGFR4 in tumors was 74.6% (94/126) and that in peritumoral liver tissues was 57.1% (72/126). The expression of TGF-β1 and FGFR4 in the carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in peritumoral liver tissues (p < 0.05). Intratumoral TGF-β1 and FGFR4 expression was associated with TNM stage (p < 0.05). TGF-β1 and FGFR4 expression levels didn''t significantly correlate with other clinicopathological parameters, including age, sex, tumor size, serum AFP level, tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, etc. (p > 0.05). TGF-β1 expression was positively correlated with FGFR4 expression (r = 0.595, p < 0.05). Patients with positive FGFR4 or TGF-β1 expression had shorter overall survival compared with negative expression (p < 0.05).Conclusions: The expression of TGF-β1 and FGFR4 could make synergy on the occurrence and progression of HCC, and may be used as prognosis indicators for HCC patients.     

A sensitive fluorometric sensor for Ag+ based on the hybridization chain reaction coupled with a glucose oxidase dual-signal amplification strategy

In this work, an efficient and sensitive fluorometric sensor was developed to detect silver ions (Ag⁺). It is based on the cytosine–Ag⁺–cytosine (C–Ag⁺–C) structure via a dual-signal amplification strategy using glucose oxidase (GOx) and the hybridization chain reaction (HCR). A silver-coated glass slide (SCGS) acts as an ideal material for separation. Cytosine rich (C-rich) capture DNA (C-DNA) assembled themselves on the SCGS via Ag–S bonds and hybridized with signal DNA (S-DNA) to trigger the HCR. With specific base-pairing, the S-DNA and HCR products bind on the SCGS. Then, the GOx–biotin–streptavidin (SA) complexes bind to the HCR products through SA–biotin interactions. Owing to the formation of a particular C–Ag⁺–C structure between two neighboring C-rich C-DNA on the SCGS, the C-DNA/S-DNA/HP1-GOx/HP2-GOx complex gradually moved away from the SCGS as the concentration of Ag⁺ increased and the combined GOx fell into the buffer. H₂O₂ could be generated during the oxidation of glucose, catalyzed by GOx in the buffer. Afterward, H₂O₂ could oxidize the substrate (3-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-propanoic acid) when Horseradish peroxidase was present, giving rise to blue fluorescence. The proposed strategy reached a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.8 pmol L⁻¹ with a linear detection range of 5 to 1000 pmol L⁻¹ for Ag⁺. Moreover, this assay has been commendably used for the detection of Ag⁺ in actual samples with fairly good results.

An assay for Ag⁺ based on a C–Ag⁺–C structure by utilizing a HCR/GOx dual-signal amplification strategy and SCGS as an ideal separation material.     

国内外智慧医养平台研究的可视化分析

目的采用文献计量学方法比较国内外智慧医养平台的研究现状,从宏观层面为我国健康养老产业的智慧化转型提供参考。方法以Web of Science核心合集和CNKI为来源,分析2010—2020年国内外的研究进展,利用数据库的分析功能和VOSviewer、CiteSpace软件对智慧医养平台的研究情况和研究热点进行定量分析和可视化展示,并对纳入文献进行定性分析。结果最终纳入166篇英文文献,78篇中文文献。国内外年发文量总体呈增长趋势,研究领域涉及多个学科。国外智慧医养平台相关研究中出现次数较多的关键词为“assistive technology”“elderly”“smart home”“e-health”“telecare”“rehabilitation”;国内出现次数排序前5名的关键词分别为“智慧养老”“物联网”“智能家居”“互联网+”“医养结合”。国外研究在平台技术准备、功能、隐私和数据保护、效果评价4个方面更加深入和多样。结论智慧医养平台及其相关技术的学术研究发展稳健且多样。但相较于国外,国内在内容和技术方面还存在一定差距,需要在符合国情的基础上借鉴和学习国外优秀技术和理念,促进智慧医养平台的进一步发展。     

徒手旋转在头位难产产妇助产护理中的应用

目的:观察并分析在头位难产助产护理中对产妇应用徒手旋转的效果。方法:选取本院产科收治的84例头位难产产妇为研究对象,按入院顺序将其分为对照组(42例,常规助产护理)与观察组(42例,徒手旋转助产护理)。评价两组的助产护理效果。结果:观察组产妇自然分娩率及新生儿Apgar评分显著高于对照组,第二产程时间、产后出血量以及新生儿不良反应发生率则明显低于对照组,数据差异明显,P<0.05。结论:徒手旋转的助产护理方式可缩短头位难产产妇的产程时间,降低剖宫产率及新生儿并发症发生率,确保分娩的顺利进行。