Iatrogenic femoral artery pseudoaneurysm surgically repaired with combined bovine pericardial roll and autologous great saphenous vein grafts

Iatrogenic femoral artery pseudoaneurysm caused by invasive procedures is one of the common complications for endovascular interventions.We present a case of a young male with a complex iatrogenic femoral artery pseudoaneurysm as a result of iatrogenic femoral artery puncture.The defective femoral artery was repaired with combined bovine pericardial tube and autologous great saphenous vein grafts.Computed tomography angiography showed the grafts were still patent one year after the surgery.     

Clinicopathological characteristics,prognosis, and chemosensitivity in patients with metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma

PurposeTo investigate the clinical characteristics, chemosensitivity, and outcome of metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).Patients and MethodsRecords of patients with metastatic UTUC since January 2005 were retrieved from a database that included clinical and survival data. Statistical analyses including survival and multivariate analyses of factors were respectively performed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsA total of 250 consecutive UTUC cases were evaluated. There were 56 patients (22.4%) with initially diagnosed stage IV disease. The most common metastatic sites were lung (39.6%), distant lymph nodes (39.2%), bone (19.6%), liver (18.0%), and adrenal gland (7.2%), respectively, and the local recurrence rate was 10.4%. Two hundred thirteen patients received first-line chemotherapy. The overall response rate was only 28.7% and the median progression-free survival time was only 5.0 months. The overall survival time of the cohort was 18.0 months. Multivariate analyses showed that initially diagnosed stage IV disease, number of metastatic organs ≥3, no response to chemotherapy and cycles of chemotherapy ≤2 were adverse prognosticators for overall survival.ConclusionUTUC presented to be more prone to metastasize than locally recur and thought to have low chemosensitivity. Stage IV disease at initial diagnosis, number of metastatic organs, response and cycles of chemotherapy were independent prognosticators for metastatic UTUC.     

Relationships between anthropometric adiposity indexes and bone mineral density in a cross-sectional Chinese study

Background ContextPrevious studies have reported conflicting results for the relationships between anthropometric adiposity indexes and bone mineral density, based on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). However, few studies were published based on quantitative computed tomography (QCT), especially for Chinese population.PurposeTo evaluate the associations of spine bone mineral density (BMD) with body mass index (BMI), waist circumstance (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and a body shape index (ABSI) using QCT.Study Design/SettingA Cross-sectional study.Patient SampleAround 3,457 participants in multiple communities across 7 administrative regions of China.Outcome MeasuresSpine BMD was measured using QCT, and the classification of osteoporosis was defined as follows: 1) osteoporosis if BMD <80mg/cm³, 2) osteopenia if BMD 80–119 mg/cm³, and 3) normal bone mass if BMD≥120 mg/cm³.MethodsThis study was conducted using convenient sampling between 2013 and 2017. Multivariable linear regression model and logistic regression models were used for the associations of continuous and categorical BMD, respectively.ResultsAround 3,405 participants were included in the final analyses, including 1,272 males and 2,133 females, with spine BMD of 111.00±35.47 mg/cm³ and 99.38±40.60 mg/cm³, respectively. Spine BMD decreased significantly with the increase of ABSI in females (adjusted β, ?5.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], ?8.50 to ?2.98), and this trend also was kept in females aged at less than 60 years (adjusted β, ?14.54; 95% CI, ?20.40 to ?8.68), and females with age ≥60 years (adjusted β, ?7.59; 95% CI, ?10.91 to ?4.28). However, this inverse association was observed only in males with age ≥ 60 years (adjusted β, ?5.19; 95% CI, ?10.08 to ?0.29). Except ABSI, negative associations of Spine BMD with WC (adjusted β, ?0.46; 95% CI, ?0.77 to ?0.15), WHR (adjusted β, ?6.25; 95% CI, ?10.63 to ?1.86), WHtR (adjusted β, ?6.80; 95% CI, ?11.63 to ?1.97) were shown in females aged at <60 years, and positive association with BMI in males with age ≥60 years (adjusted β, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.29–1.55).ConclusionsABSI had more remarkable association with spine BMD, compared with the other four indexes.     

奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨或联合替吉奥新辅助化疗方案在进展期胃癌治疗中的安全性和有效性

目的探讨奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨(CapeOX)或奥沙利铂联合替吉奥(SOX)新辅助化疗方案在局部进展期胃癌治疗中的安全性和有效性。方法采用回顾性队列研究方法,收集2016年4月至2019年4月期间,于上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院予以新辅助化疗并接受标准腹腔镜下胃癌根治术的进展期胃癌患者的临床资料。病例纳入标准:(1)年龄≥18岁;(2)病理组织学确诊为胃腺癌,临床分期为T_3-4aN+M₀;(3)肿瘤可切除;(4)术前接受CapeOX或SOX方案新辅助化疗,未接受过放疗及其他方案的化疗;(5)未合并其他恶性肿瘤;(6)美国东部肿瘤协作组(ECOG)评分≤1分;(7)无骨髓抑制;(8)肝、肾功能正常。排除标准:(1)胃癌复发患者;(2)因肿瘤穿孔、出血、梗阻等而行急诊手术的患者;(3)对奥沙利铂、替吉奥、卡培他滨及药物辅料过敏;(4)罹患冠心病、心肌病或美国纽约心脏病协会心功能分级Ⅲ-Ⅳ级;(5)妊娠或哺乳期妇女。共计118例患者入组(新辅助化疗组),纳入同期住院接受手术及术后辅助化疗的379例局部进展期胃癌患者作为辅助化疗组。依据性别、年龄、ECOG评分、肿瘤部位、临床分期、化疗方案等因素,采用倾向性评分匹配研究方法,将新辅助化疗组与辅助化疗组进行1∶1匹配后,两组各为40例。比较分析两组患者一般情况、新辅助化疗疗效、术中情况、术后情况、病理组织学结果、化疗相关不良事件、生存状况等方面的差异。结果两组患者匹配后的基线资料比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。新辅助化疗组术前5.0%(2/40)达到完全缓解,57.5%(23/40)达到部分缓解,32.5%(13/40)达到疾病稳定,5.0%(2/40)疾病进展;客观缓解率为62.5%(25/40),疾病控制率95.0%(38/40)。新辅助化疗组与辅助化疗组患者手术时间、术中出血量、淋巴结清扫数目、术后住院天数和术后并发症发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。新辅助化疗组手术相关并发症总发生率为12.5%(5/40),辅助化疗组为15.0%(6/40),两组比较,差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.105,P=0.74),均经保守治疗后恢复;两组患者均未出现Clavien-Dindo Ⅳ或Ⅴ级并发症。术后病理结果提示,新辅助化疗组中病理分期T1的患者比例高于辅助化疗组[27.5%(11/40)比5.0%(2/40)],而病理分期T3的患者比例低于辅助化疗组[20.0%(8/40)比45.0%(18/40)],差异有统计学意义(χ²=15.432,P=0.001)。新辅助化疗组肿瘤退缩分级:0级4例,1级8例,2级16例,3级12例,病理完全缓解率为10%(4/40),总体病理反应率为70.0%(28/40)。两组患者化疗相关不良事件发生率[40%(16/40)比37.5%(15/40)]比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组总生存期(43个月比40个月)和3年总体生存率(66.1%比59.8%)比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.428);新辅助化疗组无病生存期和3年无病生存率均优于辅助化疗组(36个月比28个月,51.4%比35.8%,P=0.048)。结论 CapeOX或SOX新辅助化疗方案对于局部进展期胃癌患者具有较好的有效性和安全性,未增加手术风险,可改善患者的无病生存状况。     

青少年椎间盘钙化自发性恢复1例报告并文献复习

椎间盘钙化是成人常见脊柱疾病,而在青少年中较为罕见[1-2].青少年椎间盘钙化是一种自限性疾病,大多数患者主要表现为颈部、背部和上肢疼痛及斜颈等,也有一些无症状患者在常规体检中被发现,通常预后良好.目前,对于症状性青少年椎间盘钙化是采用非手术治疗还是积极手术治疗仍有争议.有研究[3-5]显示,青少年椎间盘钙化经非手术治疗大多预后良好,少数患者出现复发或进展.因此,有必要通过长期随访研究来明确青少年椎间盘钙化是否需要手术治疗.本研究通过复习相关文献,并结合本院收治的1例青少年椎间盘钙化自发性恢复患者的诊疗过程,探讨青少年椎间盘钙化的可能病因、诊疗方案及其引发的严重神经系统症状的长期预后.     

前交叉韧带重建术后膝关节功能及三维运动步态分析

目的探讨前交叉韧带(ACL)重建术后膝关节稳定性、功能及三维步态运动学情况。 方法回顾性分析2015年7月到2017年7月在佛山市中医院运动学科采用自体腘绳肌腱行ACL重建并进行了二次关节镜探查的270例病例,其中男164例,女106例。采用Lysholm评分、国际膝关节评分委员会(IKDC)评分、Tenger评分、膝关节损伤和骨关节炎(KOOS)评分、Lachman试验、轴移试验及KT-1000侧-侧差值评价膝关节功能及稳定性;比较膝关节6-自由度运动学参数,以客观评估术后膝关节功能;二次关节镜观察移植物连续性、移植物滑膜覆盖情况,分析移植物形态与膝关节功能、运动步态的相关性;分析患者术后重返运动情况及其影响因素。计数资料比较采用卡方检验,计量资料采用t检验。 结果270例患者平均随访时间为(26 ± 11)个月,1例出现术后感染,经关节镜清理、置管引流后痊愈,其余病例均未发生感染、移植物吸收等并发症。所有患者末次随访平均Lysholm评分、IKDC主观评分、Tegner评分、KOOS的功能、生活质量、疼痛、日常生活及症状评分、IKDC客观评分、轴移试验、Lachman试验、和KT-1000侧-侧差值均较术前明显改善(t＝71.13、15.08、45.94、15.73、21.72、15.25、23.69、36.30、532.19、432.00、444.30、214.65,均为P<0.05);二次关节镜探查191例前交叉韧带完整,79例重建韧带部分撕裂,230例韧带紧张,40例韧带松弛,220例移植物滑膜覆盖为优,50例为差。末次随访时所有患者的膝关节6自由度运动学参数(内外翻、内外旋、屈伸、上下位移、内外位移和前后位移范围)明显优于术前(t＝2.54、-8.67、11.06、-17.44、2.80、2.94,均为P<0.05);滑膜覆盖优组其Lysholm评分、IKDC评分、Tegner评分及KT-1000侧-侧差值及膝关节6自由度运动学参数(内外旋角度和前后位移的范围)均优于滑膜覆盖差组(t＝13.50、7.69、20.05、12.69,均为P<0.01;t＝3.97、8.23,均为P<0.05)。屈伸角度、内外翻角度、内外和上下位移的范围滑膜覆盖优组与覆盖差组相当(P>0.05)。270例患者中有98例患者重返运动,重返运动率为36.3%。 结论采用自体腘绳肌腱重建ACL能够获得较好的膝关节稳定性及功能,然而术后患者重返运动率较低,这是今后需要努力解决的关键问题。     

海德堡三角清扫在胰腺癌根治术中的应用价值

目的探讨海德堡三角清扫在胰腺癌根治术中的应用价值。方法采用回顾性描述性研究方法。收集2020年3―7月南京医科大学第一附属医院收治的30例行海德堡三角清扫胰腺癌病人的临床病理资料;男12例,女18例;中位年龄为65岁,年龄范围为41~79岁。病人完成肿瘤可切除性评估和肝十二指肠韧带廓清后,显露肠系膜上动脉、腹腔干、肝总动脉、门静脉及肠系膜上静脉,根据肿瘤部位行胰十二指肠切除术、胰体尾切除术或者全胰腺切除术,并完成海德堡三角区域内神经纤维及淋巴结组织清扫。胰十二指肠切除术至少完成肠系膜上动脉和腹腔干右半周骨骼化,胰体尾切除术时至少完成肠系膜上动脉和腹腔干左半周骨骼化,全胰腺切除术时原则上需完成肠系膜上动脉和腹腔干全周骨骼化,手术均彻底清除肠系膜上动脉和腹腔干夹角处的神经纤维及淋巴结组织。观察指标:(1)手术情况与术后组织病理学检查。(2)术后恢复情况。(3)随访情况。采用电话或门诊方式进行定期随访,了解病人肿瘤复发转移情况,随访时间截至2021年1月。偏态分布的计量资料以M(范围)表示。计数资料以绝对数或百分比表示,组间比较采用Fisher确切概率法。结果(1)手术情况与术后组织病理学检查:30例病人均行开腹手术,其中21例行胰十二指肠切除术,6例行胰体尾切除术,2例行全胰腺切除术,1例行保留中段的胰腺切除术;16例病人联合门静脉-肠系膜上静脉切除术;3例联合左侧肾上腺切除术。30例病人中,5例术中肠系膜上动脉-腹腔干周围组织清扫范围为1.00周,8例为1.25周,8例为1.50周,9例为1.75~2.00周。16例病人离断胃左静脉,14例保留胃左静脉。30例病人手术时间为287 min(165~495 min),术中出血量为275 mL(50~800 mL)。9例病人术中输注红细胞或冰冻血浆。术后组织病理学检查结果示肿瘤长径为3.4 cm(1.2~7.3 cm),淋巴结检出数目为20枚(9~35枚),阳性淋巴结数目为2枚(0~19枚)。30例病人中,20例肿瘤分化程度为中分化,10例为低分化。9例病人环周切缘为R0切除,17例为切缘1 mm R1切除,4例为R1切除。术后病理学T分期:30例病人中,3例为T1期,18例为T2期,5例为T3期,4例为T4期。术后病理学N分期:30例病人中,9例为N0期,13例为N1期,8例为N2期。术后病理学TNM分期:30例病人中,2例为Ⅰa期,2例为Ⅰb期,3例为Ⅱa期,11例为Ⅱb期,12例为Ⅲ期。(2)术后恢复情况:30例病人中,20例发生术后并发症,其中Clavien-DindoⅠ级并发症6例,Ⅱ级并发症9例,Ⅲa级并发症3例,Ⅴ级并发症2例。术中肠系膜上动脉-腹腔干周围组织清扫1.00周的病人术后腹泻发生情况为0,清扫1.25周的病人术后腹泻发生情况为1/8,清扫1.50周的病人术后腹泻发生情况为4/8,清扫1.75~2.00周的病人术后腹泻发生情况为9/9,4者比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术中离断胃左静脉病人术后胃排空延迟发生情况为5/16,保留胃左静脉病人术后胃排空延迟发生情况为1/14,两者比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。30例病人中,19例行术后辅助化疗;28例顺利出院,术后住院时间为15 d(8~68 d);2例病人死亡。3例病人术后90 d内非计划性再入院。(3)随访情况:28例出院病人均获得随访,随访时间为1.0~9.0个月,中位随访时间为6.5个月。随访期间,1例局部进展期病人发生局部复发,9例病人发生肝转移(4例可切除胰腺癌、4例边界可切除胰腺癌、1例局部进展期胰腺癌),1例边界可切除胰腺癌病人发生腹膜转移。17例病人无瘤生存。结论海德堡三角清扫应用于胰腺癌根治术肿瘤根治程度较高,术后局部复发率较低,术后并发症发生率及病死率稍高,其远期疗效需进一步评估,建议对选择性病例行新辅助治疗后在高流量胰腺外科中心进行。