腹腔镜肝切除术患者的护理

笔者报道腹腔镜肝切除术患者的护理。术前进行心理护理和呼吸训练；术后注意早期活动，加强腹腔镜CO2气腹后的观察、护理，做好皮下气肿、胆漏、出血、高碳酸血症和下肢静脉血栓等术后并发症的观察及护理。认为周到细致的护理是手术成功的重要保证。     

肺泡蛋白沉积症的X线与CT诊断(附4例报告并文献复习)

目的分析肺泡蛋白沉积症的X线与CT表现,提高对本病的认识。方法回顾性分析4例经X线与CT检查并经病理证实的肺泡蛋白沉积症,分析其X线与CT征象。结果4例病变中皆见到弥漫性斑片影与磨玻璃影,CT扫描病灶呈地图样分布。结论CT对肺泡蛋白沉积症的范围、程度及病变轮廓的显示较X线平片准确,根据CT和HRCT表现的典型特征,可以作出可靠的诊断。     

门静脉高压症异位静脉曲张研究进展

异位静脉曲张（ectopic varices，EV）是指门静脉高压症引起的食管胃底以外的静脉曲张，属于门体循环间开放的侧支，最常见于十二指肠。EV的发病机制主要为肝内门静脉高压、肝外门静脉或脾静脉血流受阻和腹腔粘连。临床上以反复的消化道出血和血腹较常见。内镜检查作为首选的常规诊断手段，结合多普勒超声和血管造影多能确诊。[第一段]     

高效液相色谱-荧光检测法测定血浆总同型半胱氨酸浓度

目的 :建立测定血浆总同型半胱氨酸的高效液相色谱 (HPLC) 荧光检测分析方法。方法 :用TCEP将血浆中各种形式的同型半胱氨酸 (Hcy)还原成总同型半胱氨酸 (tHcy) ,以光胺作内标 ,巯基特异性荧光衍生剂SBD F对Hcy ,胱胺等含巯基化合物进行柱前衍生 ,然后行HPLC 荧光检测。结果 :本方法所检测的Hcy浓度在 2 .5～ 16 0 μmol·L- 1 范围具有良好的线性关系 (r =0 .9975 ) ,Hcy最低检测限 0 .6 2 5 μmol·L- 1 ,批内变异小于 5 .5 % ,批间变异小于 9.0 % ,平均回收率 98.87%。结论 :本法简便、灵敏、精确、稳定     

蜂王浆冻干粉对小鼠肿瘤的抑制作用

目的研究蜂王浆冻干粉对小鼠肿瘤的抑制作用.方法按每公斤体重0g、0.25g、0.50g、0.75g设对照及低、中、高3个剂量组,经口给予蜂王浆冻干粉30d后,接种小鼠肉瘤180(S180)和艾氏癌腹水型(EAC)两个瘤种.结果在两次重复的小鼠S180和EAC抑瘤试验中发现中剂量组瘤重明显低于阴性对照组(P<0.05),抑制率可达34%;中剂量组荷瘤小鼠平均生存时间均明显高于对照组(P<0.05).结论蜂王浆冻干粉具有抑制肿瘤的作用.     

基于MATLAB胎儿心电实时显示

文章介绍了从母亲体中采集到的心电信号,利用MATLAB软件对采集到的心电信号进行准确的数据实时处理,分离出胎儿心电(ECG)信号,实验结果表明,这种方法有一定的实用性.     

心脏机械膜瓣置换术后血浆蛋白C和蛋白S活性变化及其与INR的关系

目的:探讨机械瓣膜置换术后口服华法令抗凝的患者血浆蛋白C(PC)、蛋白S(PS)活性改变的意义及其与国际标准IL比值(INR)的关系。方法:动态监测15例心脏机械瓣膜置换术后口服抗凝药初期患者服药1-2 d、3~10 d及1个月的PC、PS活性及INR值。结果:患者组PC、PS活性低于正常对照组(P<0.05),特别是术后3-10 d PC、PS活性明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01),已下降到正常的50％左右,而此时INR尚未达到治疗范围,提示口服抗凝药治疗初期在人体凝血功能未下调时,抗凝系统功能已经开始下降,有发生血栓的倾向;并且,随着抗凝强度的增高(INR低于1.5-高于2.5),PC、PS活性明显下降。结论:口服华法令抗凝患者在监测INR的同时,需要进行血浆PC、PS活性监测,以更好地预防血栓的发生。     

局麻胸腔镜清创术治疗脓胸实用性研究

目的探讨脓胸患者经局麻胸腔镜清创术治疗的实用价值。方法在局麻下用硬质电视胸腔镜行脓胸清创术，介绍操作方法及清创步骤，观察患者的耐受性及疗效。结果总有效率为90．6％，早、中、晚期治疗有效率分别是100．0％、90．9％、50．0％。术中监测患者对操作的反应及血氧饱和度、呼吸、脉搏、心电图改变均无统计学意义。结论局麻胸腔镜清创术在患者清醒状态下操作，除抽净黏稠脓液外尚可取出团块状脓苔及坏死组织，打穿包裹性脓腔，充分冲洗，可迅速控制感染。方法简单，避免全麻气管插管带来的并发症，术后恢复快，适应证广，患者易耐受，是治疗脓胸的实用方法。     

匹罗卡品致(癎)大鼠海马中表达生长抑素的中间神经元数目变化及其轴突出芽

Objective To investigate the roles of somatostatin(SS)positive intemeurons in the development and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.Methods Piloearpine-induced epilepsy rat model was established.Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect number changes and axonal sprouting of SS positive intemeurons in different domains of the hippocampus at difierent time points.Degeneration of SS positive interneurons and their neurophils were detected by the double immunofluorescence staining with SS and Fluoro-Jade B(FJB)at 7 and 60 days after status epilepticus (SE).Results In the exoerimental rat group,the number of SS positive neurons decreased in each hippocampal domain,and it reached the lowest at 7 days post-SE(There were 11.1±3.3 in hilus,2.8±0.9 in CA1region and 1.8±0.7 in CA1region,t=13.519,9.644 and 8.808,all P<0.01).In chronic phase,the number of SS neurons gradually recovered,and exceeded the control group in CA1 area at 60 days post-SE(12.8±1.5 vs 8.8±1.3,t=-4.506,P<0.01),however,the number of SS neurons in the hilus(25.5±4.6)and CA1 area(4.8±0.8)remained significantly less than normal levels(t value were 4.691 and 3.953.both P<0.01).Increased SS positive fibers were found in the lacunosum-molecular (1m)layer and outer molecular layer of dentate gyrus after 30 days post-SE,and numerous SS positive fibers were seen threnghout the layers of area CA1 at 60 days post-SE.Double immunofluuorescence revealed that a few SS positive interneurons and fibers were also labeled by FJB in area CA1 at 7 days post-SE and in CA domain/hilus at 60 days post-SE.Conclusions SS intemeurons loss plays an important role in the development of temporal lobe epilepsy.The loss is partially caIlsed by the degeneration and death of neurons;SS positive neurophils increase within area CA1 in chronic phase may play a significant role in the generation and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.