改性木质素作BIIR交联剂

研究了羟甲基化木质素（HKL）对BIIR的交联。结果表明，在165℃或以上的温度下，BIIR／HKL混炼胶转矩随硫化时间的延长而上升，这是由于木质素与BIIR形成了交联网状结构所致。10份HKL在165℃交联BIIR达t90所需的时间为650s；当温度升至175℃，达t90的时间则为418s。随羟甲基化木质素质量分数提高，达到t90时间缩短。硫化胶主要物理机械性能同样表明这一体系已形成了三维网状结构。改性木质素在这一体系中，不仅有增强作用，而且可使BIIR橡胶交联。     

聚苯胺防腐涂料的研究现状及发展

综述了国内外聚苯胺在金属腐蚀防护领域的最新研究进展。介绍了聚苯胺涂层的防腐蚀机理,制备方法及其复合改性的情况。指出了聚苯胺研究中存在的问题,应用现状和对其发展前景的展望。     

NTC温度转换的无损压缩解压缩算法

提出一种NTC(负温度系数热敏电阻)温度转换的无损压缩解压缩算法,主要用于在使用单片机进行温度转换时,将调用的表格数据进行压缩,解决了单片机A/D转换时存在的表格数据量大、占用存储空间大的问题。本算法大大压缩了表格的数据量,减少了单片机的内存空间使用,提高了单片机的利用率,降低了系统运行的出错率,同时也节省了单片机的使用成本。     

涂层转移法精密铸造技术在子午线轮胎模具制造中的应用

子午线轮胎模具计算机辅助快速制造系统是由ＣＡＤ技术、快速成型技术、涂层转移法精密铸造技术、材料技术等多项高新技术组合而成的一项独特的先进制造技术。该系统充分利用液态材料成型任意性和高再现性的特点，具有适应性强、重复性好、加工周期短、制造成本低的特点。     

Synthesis and characterization of butan‐1‐ol modified toluene diisocyanate trimer

Butan‐1‐ol modified toluene diisocyanate tri mer (TDI‐trimer) was synthesized and characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and thermal gravimetry analysis techniques. The modified TDI‐trimer showed good dissolvable ability with hydroxy resin and can be used to produce paints with acrylic polyol resin. The thermal stability of the modified TDI‐trimer was improved by simply increasing both the amount of catalyst and the ratio of ? NCO/? OH, less depended on the kind of catalyst. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 4958–4962, 2006     

陶瓷发光釉料的研制

根据陶瓷发光釉的特点，选择了基础釉的系统，在此系统内根据釉的配制原理进行了基础釉试验，得出了基础釉、发光釉的配方，给出了它们的性能指标，其余辉时间达２０～４０分钟。     

烧结法制备微晶玻璃过程中晶化和致密化两种典型的关系

以钢渣和粉煤灰为主要原料,采用烧结工艺,制得以透辉石为主晶相的微晶玻璃;通过热分析、X射线衍射、收缩率、扫描电镜等分析方法,阐述了烧结过程中晶化和致密化的关系;详细说明了由于在微晶玻璃热处理过程中二者发生的先后顺序不同,而使微晶玻璃结构和性质不同。     

The effect of alkyd resins on the properties of AA‐NC semi‐IPNs as binders in wood finish

Wood coatings of AA‐NC semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks (semi‐IPNs), made from acid curing amino‐alkyd resins (AA) and nitrocellulose (NC), were prepared by sequential polymerization method. To investigate the effects of oil length on the properties of AA‐NC semi‐IPNs, three grades of alkyd resins (Alkyd) containing 38, 48, and 58% oil were synthesized with phthalic anhydride, glycerol, and soybean oil, employing alcoholysis method. The butylated urea formaldehyde resin (UF) and melamine formaldehyde resin (MF) were also prepared in this study. The AA‐NC semi‐IPNs were maintained at a weight ratio of AA : NC of 25 : 75, where the AA was the composition of MF : UF : Alkyd of 7.5 : 22.5 : 70 (by weight), and 10% of p‐toluene sulfonic acid solution (concentration, 25% in isopropyl alcohol) based on the weight of amino resins was added as acid catalyst. The properties of coatings such as viscosity, drying time, and gel time, and the properties of films including adhesion, hardness, abrasion resistance, impact resistance, tensile strength, released formaldehyde, lightfastness, solvent resistance, and durability were examined. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 1923–1927, 2004     

PVdF-HFP/P123 hybrid with mesopores: a new matrix for high-conducting, low-leakage porous polymer electrolyte

Highly conducting porous polymer electrolytes comprised of poly(vinylidene-fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP), polyethylene oxide-co-polypropylene oxide-co-polyethylene oxide (P123), ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), and LiClO₄ were fabricated. The PVdF-HFP/P123 hybrid polymer membranes were made with a phase inverse method and the electrolyte solution uptake was carried out in glove box to avoid the moisture contamination. It was found that when a small amount of polymer surfactant (P123) was blended into the PVdF-HFP, mesopores with well-defined sizes were formed. Impedance spectroscopy showed that the room temperature conductivity of (PVdF-HFP)/P123 polymer electrolytes increased as the content of P123 increased up to 4×10⁻³ S/cm. Nitrogen adsorption isotherms, electrolyte solution uptake, porosity measurements, and SEM micrographs showed that the enhanced conductivity was due to increase the pore volume, pore density, and electrolyte uptake. The highest conduction was found when the weight ratio of P123 to PVdF-HFP was 70%, when big channels were formed in the hybrid polymer membrane. Furthermore, blending P123 in PVDF-HFP reduced the pore size of polymer membrane, therefore, the solution leakage was also reduced. These polymer electrolytes were stable up to 4.5 V (vs Li/Li⁺) and the performance of the model lithium ion battery made by sandwiching the polymer electrolyte between a LiCoO₂ anode and a MCMB cathode, showed great promise for the use of these polymer electrolytes in lithium ion batteries.     

Crop yield, nitrogen uptake and nitrate-nitrogen accumulation in soil as affected by 23 annual applications of fertilizer and manure in the rainfed region of Northwestern China

Application of chemical fertilizers and farmyard manure affects crop productivity and improves nutrient cycling within soil–plant systems, but the magnitude varies with soil-climatic conditions. A long-term (1982–2004) field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizers and farmyard swine manure (M) on seed and straw yield, protein concentration, and N uptake in the seed and straw of 19-year winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and four-year oilseed (three-year canola, Brassica napus L. in 1987, 2000 and 2003; one-year flax, Linum usitatisimum L. in 1991), accumulation of nitrate-N (NO₃-N) in the soil profile (0–210 cm), and N balance sheet on a Huangmian soil (calcaric cambisols, FAO) near Tianshui, Gansu, China. The two main plot treatments were without and with farmyard swine manure (M); sub-plot treatments were control (Ck), N, NP, and NPK.␣The average seed yield decreased in the order MNPK ≥ MNP > MN ≥ NPK ≥ NP > M > N > Ck. The average effect of manure and fertilizers on seed yield was in the order M > N > P > K. The seed yield increase was 20.5% for M, 17.8% for N, 14.2% for P, and 2.9 % for K treatment. Seed yield response to fertilizers was much greater for N and P than for K, and it was much greater for no manure than for manure treatment. The response of straw yield to fertilization treatments was usually similar to that of seed yield. The N fertilizer and manure significantly increased protein concentration and N uptake plant. From the standpoint of increasing crop yield and seed quality, MNPK was the best fertilization strategy. Annual applications of N fertilizer and manure for 23 successive years had a marked effect on NO₃-N accumulation in the 0–210 cm soil profile. Accumulation of NO₃-N in the deeper soil layers with application of N fertilizer and manure is regarded as a potential danger, because of pollution of the soil environment and of groundwater. Application of N fertilizer in combination with P and/or K fertilizers reduced residual soil NO₃-N significantly compared with N fertilizer alone in both no manure and manure plots. The findings suggest that integrated and balanced application of N, P, and K fertilizers and␣manure at proper rates is important for protecting soil and groundwater from potential NO₃-N pollution and for maintaining high crop productivity in the rainfed region of Northwestern China.