Die elektrische Leitfähigkeit von Aluminiumnitrid bei Temperaturen zwischen 1100 und 1700 °C und unterschiedlichen Stickstoffpartialdrücken

Schrifttumsübersicht über die elektrische Leitfähigkeit des Aluminiumnitrids AlN zwischen 60 und 1100 °C. Eigene Untersuchungen zur Ermittlung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit mit Spannungsvergleichsmessungen zwischen 1100 und 1700 °C nach der Zweipol- und Vierpolmethode. Darstellung der Ergebnisse für unterschiedliche Meßfrequenzen, unterschiedliche Gasströmungen und verschiedene Stickstoffpartialdrücke der Argon-Stickstoff-Atmosphäre. Ermittlung der Aktivierungsenergien der Ladungsträger. Erörterung über den Leitungsmechanismus im AlN.     

Die Thermokraft von Aluminiumnitrid bei Temperaturen zwischen 1350 und 1650 °C in Argon- und Stickstoffatmosphäre

Beschreibung der Versuchsapparatur zur Messung der Thermospannung der Kette Rh |_{T + Δ} AIN |_T Rh für Temperatur-differenzen bis zu ± 60 °C zwischen 1350 und 1650 °C. Ermittlung der Thermokraft und ihres homogenen Anteils. Berechnung der Überführungswärme der wandernden Ionen aus der homogenen Thermokraft. Erörterung zum Leitungsmechanismus im Aluminiumnitrid AlN.     

Thermochemische Kennwerte für die Reaktion,Mo + O2 ⇌ MoO2 sowie in Eisenschmelzen

Zusammenstellung von Schrifttumsangaben für die Änderung der freien Standardenthalpien der Reaktionen , Mo + O₂ ? MoO₂ und in Eisenschmelzen. Neubestimmung der Temperaturabhängigkeiten der Größen ΔG^oCr₂O₃, ΔG^oMoO₂ und ΔG^o_O im Eisen bei Temperaturen zwischen 1460 bzw. 1530 und 1725 °C. Nachweis der Anwendbarkeit der neu ermittelten thermodynamischen Funktionen durch EMK-Parallelmessungen an ThO₂ (Y₂O₃)- und ZrO₂ (MgO)-Festelektrolytzellen mit Cr-Cr₂O₃- und Mo-MoO₂-Referenzelektroden in Reineisenschmelzen bei 1600 °C. Ermittlung des Parameters p_e′ der Elektronenteilleitfähigkeit für einen teilstabilisierten ZrO₂-Festelektrolyten mit einem Stoffmengengehalt von 5% MgO.     

Die Bestimmung des Wärmeinhalts und der spezifischen Wärme von Schmelzkalkkristallen zwischen 0 und 1720 °C

Entwicklung verschiedener Kalorimeteranordnungen zur Bestimmung des Wärmeinhalts zwischen 0 und 25, 25 und 65, 25 und 1400 und zwischen 25 und 1720 °C. Die mittlere und wahre spezifische Wärme von Schmelzkalk (Kristallkalk). Vergleich der Ergebnisse mit Angaben des Schrifttums über gebrannten Kalk.     

Phase I trial of inhaled natural interleukin 2 for treatment of pulmonary malignancy: toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and biological effects

Safety, local and systemic immunomodulation, and tumor response to treatment with aerosolized natural interleukin 2 (nIL-2) applied five times a day were studied in a Phase I trial in 16 patients with pulmonary malignancies refractory to conventional therapy. The toxicity of inhaled nIL-2 was different from that observed after systemic administration. Reversible airway irritation causing a nonproductive cough represented the dose-limiting toxicity. Mild to moderate reduction of the vital capacity and forced expiratory volume (FEV1) with minor effects on relative FEV1, peak expiratory flow, airway resistance, and PaO2 was experienced by individual patients. In 14 patients suffering from pulmonary metastases due to renal cell cancer, one durable complete response, one partial response, and one mixed response were observed. Inhalation of nIL-2 aerosol resulted in a dose-dependent expansion of pulmonary immunocompetent cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Posttreatment bronchoalveolar lavage showed an activated lymphocyte phenotype with increased HLA-DR expression. The only systemic biological effect detectable in peripheral blood was a marked increase of soluble interleukin 2 receptor serum levels. We conclude that treatment with aerosolized nIL-2 is an effective means for site-specific immunomodulation and deserves further investigation for the treatment of malignant and inflammatory lung disease.     

Depressive psychomotor disturbance, cortisol, and dexamethasone

The reactivity of sera of 96 individuals infected with human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) was tested against various synthetic peptides corresponding to the gp46 immunodominant antigenic domains: residues 86-107, 175-199, and 239-261. The frequency of reactive sera was higher for 175-199 (93%) than for 239-261 (78%) or 86-107 (24%) with some variations in geographical regions and in diseases. The region 239-261 was extensively analyzed and five (linear or conformational) epitopes were found. The reactivity of sera toward functional or immunodominant domains may depend on the sequence of the infecting virus, and the role of three frequent substitutions (asparagine by tyrosine, proline by serine, and serine by proline or leucine at positions 93, 192, and 250 respectively) was established. Finally, the role of the genetic background of the host may condition the humoral immune response as individuals infected by HTLV-Is harboring the same predicted gp46 peptide sequence may recognize one, several, or all regions examined.     

Evaluative conditioning in humans: A meta-analysis.

This article presents a meta-analysis of research on evaluative conditioning (EC), defined as a change in the liking of a stimulus (conditioned stimulus; CS) that results from pairing that stimulus with other positive or negative stimuli (unconditioned stimulus; US). Across a total of 214 studies included in the main sample, the mean EC effect was d = .52, with a 95% confidence interval of .466–.582. As estimated from a random-effects model, about 70% of the variance in effect sizes were attributable to true systematic variation rather than sampling error. Moderator analyses were conducted to partially explain this variation, both as a function of concrete aspects of the procedural implementation and as a function of the abstract aspects of the relation between CS and US. Among a range of other findings, EC effects were stronger for high than for low contingency awareness, for supraliminal than for subliminal US presentation, for postacquisition than for postextinction effects, and for self-report than for implicit measures. These findings are discussed with regard to the procedural boundary conditions of EC and theoretical accounts about the mental processes underlying EC. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The meaning(s) of conditionals: Conditional probabilities, mental models, and personal utilities.

[Correction Notice: An erratum for this article was reported in Vol 29(6) of Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition (see record 2007-16865-001). On page 684, Table 4, all correlations should have been identified as having a pp then q") as indicating a high conditional probability P(q|p). Participants estimated the probability that a given conditional is true (Experiments 1A, 1B, and 3) or judged whether a conditional was true or false (Experiments 2 and 4) given information about the frequencies of the relevant truth table cases. Judgments were strongly influenced by the ratio of pq to p?q cases, supporting the conditional probability account. In Experiments 1A, 1B, and 3, judgments were also affected by the frequency of pq cases, consistent with a version of mental model theory. Experiments 3 and 4 extended the results to thematic conditionals and showed that the pragmatic utility associated with believing a statement also affected the degree of belief in conditionals but not in logically equivalent quantified statements. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"The meaning(s) of conditionals: Conditional probabilities, mental models, and personal utilities": Correction to Oberauer and Wilhelm (2003).

Reports an error in "The meaning(s) of conditionals: Conditional probabilities, mental models, and personal utilities" by Klaus Oberauer and Oliver Wilhelm (Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2003[Jul], Vol 29[4], 680-693). On page 684, Table 4, all correlations should have been identified as having a p2003-06626-018.) Five experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that people understand conditional statements ("if p then q") as indicating a high conditional probability P(q|p). Participants estimated the probability that a given conditional is true (Experiments 1A, 1B, and 3) or judged whether a conditional was true or false (Experiments 2 and 4) given information about the frequencies of the relevant truth table cases. Judgments were strongly influenced by the ratio of pq to p?q cases, supporting the conditional probability account. In Experiments 1A, 1B, and 3, judgments were also affected by the frequency of pq cases, consistent with a version of mental model theory. Experiments 3 and 4 extended the results to thematic conditionals and showed that the pragmatic utility associated with believing a statement also affected the degree of belief in conditionals but not in logically equivalent quantified statements. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)