压电微夹钳的位移自感知反馈复合控制*

采用自感知方法获取压电微夹钳钳指位移,构成自感知反馈复合控制系统。根据反映钳指位移、表面电荷、夹持力、驱动电压之间关系的压电悬臂梁Smits方程,提出了基于电流积分的钳指位移自感知方法;引入死区算子对传统PI模型进行改进,建立了压电微夹钳钳指位移的迟滞模型;以对偏差的抛物线积分、对输出的先行微分分别代替常规PID控制器中的积分项和微分项,设计出了压电微夹钳的改进PID反馈控制器;将前馈控制器与PID反馈控制器相结合,并采用自感知反馈方式,设计出了压电微夹钳的闭环控制系统。实验结果表明:在自感知反馈复合控制作用下,压电微夹钳对5μm阶跃参考位移的响应时间为0.24 s,若不考虑噪声影响,稳态误差几乎为零;在最大位移为14.7μm的变幅值三角波参考位移以及最大位移为14.1μm的任意波形参考位移作用下,压电微夹钳的自感知反馈复合控制亦可取得良好的控制效果,其稳态误差中线在-0.02~0.04μm之间变化。自感知反馈控制的实验结果与传感器反馈控制基本相同,从而表明压电微夹钳的自感知反馈控制是有效的。     

Arm length dependency of Pt-decorated CdSe tetrapods on the performance of photocatalytic hydrogen generation

Pt-decorated CdSe tetrapods with different arm lengths were tested for the photocatalytic hydrogen generation reaction. Well-defined CdSe tetrapods with controlled wurtzite arm lengths were synthesized by the continuous precursor injection (CPI) approach. Pt nanocrystals with an extremely small size of ～1 nm were directly decorated on the overall surfaces of CdSe tetrapods. Ligand-exchanged Pt-decorated CdSe tetrapods with different arm lengths were employed as photocatalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen generation reaction in the presence of hole scavengers. Pt-decorated CdSe tetrapods with shorter arm length showed the highest photocatalytic efficiency, which is due to higher probability of charge separation.     

A qualitative exploration of arts-based neighbourhood revitalization: The case of ‘The Space at 2106 Main’ in West Tampa,Florida

As cities are compelled to compete for new sources of investment and revenue, arts-based economic development strategies have become the norm. The purpose of this paper is to revisit and reevaluate some of the conventional claims about the arts as an important economic development strategy by exploring a case study called “The Space at 2106 Main” in a rapidly gentrifying neighbourhood called West Tampa. The results of this study suggest that the arts are indeed assuming a greater role in economic policy under the auspices of West Tampa community redevelopment areas (CRA) and the direct actions of various arts related entrepreneurs. The results however, point to a mixed picture that raises difficult questions about the medium to long-term effects of this urban redevelopment strategy, especially on the poor and mostly minority residents of West Tampa.     

Transition between two solid-solutions: Effective and easy way for fine Ce1−xGdxO2−x/2 powders preparation

Ceria, pure or doped, is an important electrolyte material in solid oxide fuel cells, catalysts, and plutonium surrogates. Even though ceria is a widely studied material, its coprecipitation with the most common doping element, gadolinium, remains mostly overlooked. Here, we present a comprehensive study of gadolinium–cerium oxalates prepared by coprecipitation of gadolinium (III) and cerium (III) salts by oxalic acid under different reaction conditions and element ratios. For this purpose, we assessed the effects of basic precipitation conditions on the final oxalate size, shape, and conversion into the corresponding oxides. The results showed that coprecipitation with oxalic acid yields and ideal solid solution, which translates into the oxides. This low-cost and straightforward synthetic route provides then high-quality solid solutions of Ge–Gd in the oxide lattice. Thus, this approach has a high industrialization potential, with significant advantages over hydrolysis or hydrothermal techniques.     

Physiologic Insulin Resensitization as a Treatment Modality for Insulin Resistance Pathophysiology

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes increased from 2.5% of the US population in 1990 to 10.5% in 2018. This creates a major public health problem, due to increases in long-term complications of diabetes, including neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, skin ulcers, amputations, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In this review, we evaluated the scientific basis that supports the use of physiologic insulin resensitization. Insulin resistance is the primary cause of type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance leads to increasing insulin secretion, leading to beta-cell exhaustion or burnout. This triggers a cascade leading to islet cell destruction and the long-term complications of type 2 diabetes. Concurrent with insulin resistance, the regular bursts of insulin from the pancreas become irregular. This has been treated by the precise administration of insulin more physiologically. There is consistent evidence that this treatment modality can reverse the diabetes-associated complications of neuropathy, diabetic ulcers, nephropathy, and retinopathy, and that it lowers HbA1c. In conclusion, physiologic insulin resensitization has a persuasive scientific basis, significant treatment potential, and likely cost benefits.     

基于图像处理的移动机器人对目标的识别和定位

为实现移动机器人对远距离初始焊位的导引工作,介绍了-种简单有效的方法;通过图像处理计算出主动目标图像特征的质心和方位点来实现对目标的锁定,并利用运动学建模确立了主动目标从图像到实际工作空间的映射关系,从而得到目标实际的位置和方位.     

Deformation and water loss from solvent filled microcapsules under compressive loads

Microcapsules filled with liquid solvents for CO₂ absorption can be easily deformed due to their elastic polymer shells. We present a combination of experiments and model predictions to demonstrate that modest compressive forces can lead to significant capsule deformation and performance issues for this enabling technology. Contrary to expectations based on Raoult's law, capsules containing aqueous carbonate solution were found to lose water to flows of humidified nitrogen in centimeter-scale packed beds. Water loss increased with gas velocity, suggesting compression was responsible for mass transfer, an interpretation supported by microscope images of deformed and broken capsules. A model for compression induced mass transfer under packed/fluidized bed operating conditions was developed and validated with the experimental data for a range of conditions (gas velocities, temperatures, humidities). Design criteria for future generations of microcapsules that will more effectively resist compression are evaluated.