The present study describes the synthesis and characterizations of polymerizable vinyl sugars. Glucose, mannose, galactose and fructose are abundant and sustainable natural compounds. As it is not possible to make many derivatives of sugars without using protective groups, first of all, diacetone derivatives [diacetone-d-glucose (1), diacetone-d-mannose (2), diacetone-d-galactose (3) and diacetone-d-fructose (4)] were synthesized according to the literature as starting compounds. The remaining free hydroxyl groups on C-3 (diacetone glucose), C-6 (diacetone galactose), C-1 (diacetone fructose) and C-1 (diacetone mannose), were reacted with epichlorohydrin (1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane) to produce then “-O-(2′,3′-epoxypropane-1′-yl)” ether derivatives (5, 6, 7, and 8) which are epoxy sugars in the basic medium. Next, the epoxy rings of the ethers (5, 6, 7, and 8) were opened with methacrylic acid in DMF to produce new sugar based methacrylates (9, 10, 11, and 12). Finally, free radical polymerization of these sugar based methacrylate monomers was performed, producing related polymers (13, 14, 15 and 16). The polymerizations were carried out using AIBN as an initiator at 70 °C in DMF. All the products were characterized by FTIR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR techniques. Thermal properties of all polymers were investigated by TG, DTG and DSC. The data obtained has suggested that thermal stability of the synthesized polymers has changed with the structure of the sugar and increase in molecular weight. 相似文献
Recent advances in clinical practice drive deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as an important class of biomarker. Monitoring the change in their concentration suggests the initiation and/or progression of various disorders. However, low quantity of DNA biomarkers in body fluids requires a delicate isolation methodology that provides efficient separation and easy handling. This study describes a newer‐generation separation technology relying on electrospun fibers of sub‐micrometer diameter of a commodity polymer for DNA biomarkers in simulative serum. Fibrous polystyrene membranes are prepared by electrospinning and they are subjected to post‐modification with Au. The composite membranes may provide a convenient environment for the removal of bovine serum albumin (BSA) from BSA and DNA mixtures. The eluent can be used as an efficient tool for detection of DNA biomarkers associated with diagnosis of numerous life‐threatening diseases.
This study outlines a new sensing platform based on glassy carbon electrodes modified by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for the determination of heavy metal. A glassy carbon electrode was modified by chitosan stabilized AuNPs. AuNPs were prepared by reducing gold salt with a polysaccharide chitosan. Here, chitosan acted as a reducing/stabilizing agent. The AuNPs were characterized with UV–Visible absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Chitosan covered AuNPs were immobilized on the glassy carbon electrode for the determination of Cu (II) in aqueous solutions. The electrochemical determination of Cu (II) ions was performed using the differential pulse voltammetry technique. Some parameters for Cu (II) determination, such as pH, preconcentration time and electrolysis potential of Cu (II), were optimized. The detection limit was calculated as 5 × 10?9 mol L?1 by means of the 3:1 current-to-noise ratio. The interference of Cr(III), Fe(II), Ni(II), Pb(II), Mg(II), Zn(II), Ba(II) ions was investigated and showed a negligible effect on the electrode response. Recovery studies were carried out using tap water. 相似文献