The network programming method in control over target programs

We consider the problem of optimizing programs with respect to cost. The state of a program is defined via several goals (criteria) based on a complex evaluation system. For each goal, there exist several projects that contribute to achieving this goal. A number of projects contributes to several goals (multipurpose projects). To solve the problem, we propose two methods. One is based on enumerating all possible ways to include multipurpose projects into the program. The other is based on a network programming technique. We give results of numerical experiments that compare these approaches.     

Industrial technologies,mobility, and energy efficiency of electric traction of rail transport

An electrified main railway line is a transport complex containing rolling stock (locomotive and carriages) and railway infrastructure (railway track, power supply facilities, signaling system, interlocking and sectioning systems, and other stationary objects). Being in conditions of a developing market, the main precondition for efficiency and competitiveness of Russian Railways is the mobility enhancement. The main factors and industrial technologies are considered, with it being planned to enhance the mobility of Russian Railway transport on their basis. Paramount importance in this strategy is given to augmentation of the service speed and increasing the productivity of electrical locomotives and dynamic charge capacities of the track structure and power supply quality of the rapid–transit and high-speed lines. Special technical specifications are developed on the basis of the proposals; they were approved for design and construction of the Moscow–Kazan–Yekaterinburg railway section with a maximum speed of 400 km/h.     

Staging of a localized deformation during tension of specimens of a carbon-carbon composite material with holes of different diameters according to acoustic-emission, surface-deformation mapping, and strain-gauging data

The deformation and fracture of specimens of a carbon-carbon composite material with different dimensions of a stress concentrator in the form of a central hole with diameters of 7, 10, and 13 mm were studied using a developed combined method. The results of a numerical analysis of experimental data are presented in the form of diagrams (dependences) of the shear-deformation intensity and the acoustic-emission activity as functions of the loading time. The factors that cause similarity and differences of the investigation results are discussed and interpreted. It is proposed that the obtained data be used for the nondestructive testing of composite materials via the selection of characteristic stages of the deformation development and the moment that precedes fracturing.     

Sorption-Reagent Reprocessing of Liquid Radioactive Wastes from Salvaged Nuclear Powered Submarines

Experiments on sorption purification of liquid radioactive wastes produced during salvaging of two nuclear powered submarines, are described. The advantages of sorption–reagent technology are shown (the coefficient of volume decrease up to 260, decrease of initial concentration below the NRB-99 intervention levels).     

Studying the effect of steam blow-off on the boundaries of stable draining of separated moisture from the louver unit

A methodology for determining the boundaries of stable draining of separated moisture from a louver-type moisture separator with blowing off the steam entrained from the separator’s collecting pocket. Dependences of the pressure drop factor from the model’s inlet to the collecting pocket on the modified Froude number and of the pressure drop factor for the blow-off outlet into the concurrent flow on the ratio of their velocities, which are used for calculating the flowrate and geometrical dimensions of the blow-off path, are presented.     

Copper surface structuring under the action of electric discharge

The surface of copper cathode foils with thicknesses up to 50 μm has been studied after a single discharge current pulse with an amplitude of up to 60 A and a pulse duration within 50–1300 μs in air at atmospheric pressure. It is established that the foil surface upon discharge is covered by copper nanoparticles with diameters above 30 nm, which form an ordered array with a cellular structure and dimensions of up to several hundred nanometers. A possible mechanism of this self-ordered structure formation is qualitatively described.     

Local Structural Analysis of Data Realizations

Consideration was given to various methods of local structural analysis of realizations of the data characterizing operation of diverse objects with the aim of on-line identification of local structural distinctions, sliding statistical characteristics, and instants of tendency changes. The on-the-fly determination of the instants of changes in the characteristics of the dynamic data sequences is a must for making well-timed decisions to support normal operational conditions of diverse objects. Proposed was a more reliable multivariant approach to the structural analysis of the data series. Particular examples of using the local structural analysis were presented.     

Thermoelectric Properties of Hot-Pressed Materials Based on Mg2Si n Sn1−n

Mg₂Si _n Sn_1?n solid solutions consist of nontoxic widespread elements. In this work a number of samples of Mg₂Si _n Sn_1?n solid solutions, where 1 ≥ n ≥ 0.7 with various carrier concentrations, were obtained using microcrystalline powder by hot pressing in vacuum. The Seebeck coefficient and the thermal and electrical conductivity were measured in the temperature range from 300 K to 800 K. It is shown that the specific thermoelectric figure of merit (the ratio of the thermoelectric figure of merit to the material density) of these samples weakly depends on the composition of the solid solution. Hence, whether a solid solution or pure Mg₂Si is used depends on the application temperature of the material.     

Nonholonomic control in quantum computers based on ions in a trap

Currently, the scheme of a quantum computer based on ions in traps is accepted as one of the most realistic schemes of a scaled quantum computer. In this article, we show application of the method of nonholonomic control over the quantum evolution to this scheme. We consider this to be the most universal and simplest control method for an arbitrary scheme of a quantum computer. In this case, for arbitrary controlled evolution of the quantum system, it is sufficient to have available two lasers operating at a combined frequency equal to a frequency of internal ion transitions and selected total vibrational mode of the system of ions in a trap with different amplitudes. For each laser, it is sufficient to control only the time of their alternate operation with a sufficient accuracy.