医院感染流行病学监测分析

介绍了我院１９９３年７月１日～１９９３年１２月２０日出院的１０３１例病人医院感染病率的监测分析，半年中感染率为８．４％，妇产科疗区发病率高于外科疗区，感染部位以泌尿道、下呼吸道、手术伤口为最多，侵袭性操作及易感因素引起的感染在感染病例中分别占４０．２％和５９．８％。     

宁夏急性感染性腹泻病原流行病学研究

1985年4月~1988年1月对宁夏进行腹泻病原流行病学的研究,检出腹泻病原8种,合计检出率为41.16%,检出率列前四位的病原顺次是志贺氏菌(19.59%)、轮状病毒(10.07%)、沙门氏菌(4.76%)和致病性大肠菌(4.20%),合计占检出全部病原的93.85%。志贺氏菌中B群占80.44%,以2a为主。沙门氏菌中鼠伤寒沙门氏菌占85.71%。不同年龄组的检出率为27.21~59.89%,<1岁组及50岁以上组检出率较低,20~49岁组检出率最高(59.89%)。季节检出率波动于31.25~50.13%,以秋季最高,冬季最低,各季节志贺氏菌均居首位。轮状病毒春秋季检出率较高。病原检出率在性别、回、汉民族及城乡间无显著性差异。     

ICR 小白鼠脏器中铜,锌锰含量

对40只正常成年远交系 ICR 小白鼠的主要脏器,用 WFX—Ⅱ型双光束原子吸收分光光度计测定了各脏器中铜、锌、锰含量.结果表明,主要脏器中铜、锌、锰含量大小顺序不一,铜含量最多的脏器是心,锌、锰含量最多的脏器是肝,在雌雄之间均无显著性差异.     

Chemical constituents of Hedysarum polybotrys Hand.-Mazz]

Butanedioic acid was isolated from the ethyl alcohol extract of Hedysarum polybotrys. The methylated carboxylic acid was identified by GC-MS method.     

膝关节半月板损伤的MRI诊断

目的 :探讨 MRI对膝关节半月板损伤的诊断价值。方法 :对手术、关节镜或临床证实的 33例 36个膝关节半月板损伤的 MRI表现进行回顾性分析。结果 :MRI能较好地显示膝关节半月板撕裂和损伤的改变 ,还能对半月板损伤和退变进行分级 ,同时还能显示急、慢性半月板损伤的并发骨、软骨、韧带等病变。结论 :MRI检查能清楚地显示膝关节半月板病变特点和严重程度 ,为临床医生选择合适的治疗方案提供了依据。     

Improved Static Compression Behaviors and Tablettabilities of Spherically Agglomerated Crystals Produced by the Spherical Crystallization Technique with a Two-Solvent System

Purpose. Poorly compressible crystals of acebutolol hydrochloride were agglomerated by the spherical crystallization technique with a two-solvent system to improve the compressibility for direct tabletting. The mechanism of improvements in static compression behaviors and tablettabilities of the spherically agglomerated crystals were investigated. Methods. The improvement of static compression behaviors of the agglomerated crystals was determined by measuring the stress relaxations and elastic recoveries of compressed powder of original and agglomerated crystals. The improved tablettability of agglomerated crystals was evaluated by the pressure transmission ratio upon compression, the ejection pressure for releasing the tablet from the die and the tablet strength, i.e., tensile strength required for breaking. Results. The higher relaxation pressure and the lower elastic recovery of the agglomerated crystals than of the original crystals were found. The pressure transmission ratio data showed that the friction pressures of the two crystals were similar during the compression period. The ejection pressure of the agglomerated crystals was lower than that of the original crystals. The tensile strength of the tablet of agglomerated crystals was greater than that of the original crystals. Conclusions. The compressibility and tablettability of the spherically agglomerated crystals prepared by the spherical crystallization technique were much improved due to their increased plastic property and reduced adhesive property compared to the original crystals.     

3，4－二羟基苯乙酮对家兔缺血－再灌心肌的影响

以超微结构、线粒体形态计量及ＬＤＨ，ＳＯＤ活性为依据，探讨３，４－二羟基苯乙酮（ＤＨＡＰ）对家兔缺血－再灌心肌细胞的影响。结果表明：ＤＨＡＰ组缺血－再灌心肌细胞的损伤、ＬＤＨ丢失及ＳＯＤ活性下降的程度均明显低于未用药组。提示该药物对缺血－再灌心肌有保护作用。     

甜茶素提取物对STZ致高血糖大鼠的降血糖作用研究

目的 :　研究甜茶素提取物对 STZ致高血糖大鼠的降血糖效果及其降糖机制。方法 :　腹腔注射 STZ制备糖尿病大鼠模型 ,取成型的大鼠随机分阳性对照组、甜茶素提取物组和降糖灵组。同时设一正常组。灌胃 3 w后 ,测血糖、果糖胺、胰岛素和 SOD等指标。结果 :　甜茶素提取物能极显著地降低 STZ致高血糖大鼠血糖 ,增强其抗氧化能力 ,同时能刺激胰岛素的分泌。结论 :　甜茶素提取物通过刺激胰岛素的分泌来降低血糖     

鼻内窥镜诊治脑脊液漏的临床研究

目的 探讨鼻内窥镜手术治疗脑脊液鼻漏临床相关因素。方法 对17例（19漏）内窥镜下修补脑脊液鼻漏患者的临床资料作回顾性分析。结果 脑脊液鼻漏17例中，外伤性15例，自发性2例，内窥镜下瘘口修补术一次性治愈15例，成功率88.2%，失败2例，再次修补成功，其中1例颅内高压术后腰穿持续引流减压。结论 内窥镜手术修补脑脊液鼻漏准确、微创；冠位CT薄层扫描对术前瘘口解剖定位有重要意义；影响手术效果的因素与修补材料的固定有关，与修补材料本身无明显关系；术后适当腰穿引流对于临床提示颅内压高、修补区薄弱病例仍需采用。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征对飞行员认知功能的影响

目的 探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)对飞行员认知功能的影响.方法 对13名经多导睡眠图(PSG)确诊的中重度OSAHS患者及10名正常体检健康飞行员进行Epworth嗜睡程度问卷(ESS)评分,以及进行闪光融合频率、多项反应时、空间位置记忆广度、注意力集中能力、警戒性等认知功能测试,并对OSAHS组进行ESS评分、睡眠呼吸紊乱指数(AHI)、最低血氧饱和度与各项认知功能测试结果间进行相关性分析.结果 OSAHS组ESS评分明显高于对照组(P＜0.01),闪光融合频率、空间位置记忆广度分值、注意力集中能力时间明显低于对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),对黄、绿色的选择反应时明显慢于对照组(P＜0.05),对红色的选择反应时与对照组相比无显著差异.OSAHS组警戒性作业总错误率明显高于对照组(P＜0.01).OSAHS组ESS评分与警戒性作业的总错误率呈显著正相关(r=0.789 0,＜0.01).结论 中重度OSAHS患者有不同程度的认知功能减退,可能损害飞行操作能力,造成飞行安全隐患.临床未进行有效治疗的患者应暂时或永久取消飞行资格.