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101.
The major drug of abuse among teenagers in the United States continues to be ethanol (EtOH), but use is seen in children as
young as nine. In the studies reported here, the impact of EtOH on biologic and hormonal parameters of puberty was assessed
in female rats. Rats were fed a liquid diet containing EtOH, pair fed an identical liquid diet containing dextrimaltose instead
of EtOH, or fed a liquid diet not containing EtOH ad libitum. Feeding was started at 21, 25, or 28 d of age. EtOH markedly
delayed the age at vaginal opening (34.5±0.5 d in controls vs 48.5±2.4 d in EtOH animals; p<0.001), delayed the age at first estrous (40.9±0.6 d in controls vs 61.2±2.6 d in EtOH animals; p<0.001), increased the length of the estrous cycle, and decreased the number of proestrous days. EtOH, concomitant with reduced
ovarian and uterine weight, decreased serum estradiol and progesterone. Associated with these changes in ovarian hormones
there was a selective increase in follicle-stimulating hormone, but not luteinizing hormone. EtOH consistently reduced insulin-like
growth factor-1. In general, EtOH-induced disruption was more severe the younger the animals were at the start of feeding.
Opiate receptor blockade with naltrexone completely prevented the EtOH-induced delay in vaginal opening. The impact of EtOH
on female puberty is dramatic, is an emerging public health problem, and deserves more study. 相似文献
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Giuseppe Stabile Antoine Lepillier Ermenegildo De Ruvo Marco Scaglione Matteo Anselmino Frederic Sebag Domenico Pecora Mark Gallagher Mariano Rillo Graziana Viola Luca Rossi Valerio De Santis Maurizio Landolina Antonello Castro Massimo Grimaldi Nicolas Badenco Maurizio Del Greco Antonio De Simone Ennio Pisan Salim Abbey Filippo Lamberti Antonio Pani Giulio Zucchelli Giuseppe Sgarito Daniela Dugo Emanuele Bertaglia Teresa Strisciuglio Francesco Solimene 《Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology》2020,31(7):1694-1701
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Bonomo Giulio Bertani Giulio A. Carrabba Giorgio G. Ferrante Emanuele Pluderi Mauro Guastella Claudio Pignataro Lorenzo Rampini Paolo Mantovani Giovanna Locatelli Marco 《Pituitary》2020,23(5):552-557
Pituitary - The aim of the present study is to assess the predictive value of the suprasellar volume (SSV) of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) for visual field (VF) impairment in order to... 相似文献
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A comprehensive optical analysis of nanoscale structures: from thin films to asymmetric nanocavities
Giuseppe Emanuele Lio Giovanna Palermo Roberto Caputo Antonio De Luca 《RSC advances》2019,9(37):21429
A simple and robust method able to evaluate and predict, with high accuracy, the optical properties of single and multi-layer nanostructures is presented. The method was implemented using a COMSOL Multiphysics simulation platform and it has been validated by four case studies with increasing numerical complexities: (i) a single thin layer (20 nm) of Ag deposited on a glass substrate; (ii) a metamaterial composed of five bi-layers of Ag/ITO (indium tin oxide), with a thickness of 20 nm each; (iii) a system based on a three-material unit cell (AZO/ITO/Ag), but without any thickness periodicity (AZO stands for Al2O3/zinc oxide); (iv) an asymmetric nanocavity (thin-ITO/Ag/thick-ITO/Ag). A thorough study of this latter configuration reveals peculiar metamaterial effects that can widen the actual scenario in nanophotonic applications. Numerical results have been compared with experimental data provided by real ellipsometric measurements performed on the above mentioned ad hoc fabricated nanostructures. The obtained agreement is excellent, suggesting this research as a valid design approach to realize multi-band metamaterials able to work in a broad spectral range.Hyper transmission of asymmetric nanocavity metamaterials; a comprehensive optical analysis of multi-layered nanostructures. 相似文献
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Gianni Testino Patrizia Burra Ferruccio Bonino Francesco Piani Alessandro Sumberaz Roberto Peressutti Andrea Giannelli Castiglione Valentino Patussi Tiziana Fanucchi Ornella Ancarani Giovanna De Cerce Anna Teresa Iannini Giovanni Greco Antonio Mosti Marilena Durante Paola Babocci Mariano Quartini Davide Mioni Sarino Aricò Aniello Baselice Silvia Leone Fabiola Lozer Emanuele Scafato Paolo Borro 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2014,20(40):14642-14651
Alcoholic liver disease encompasses a broad spectrum of diseases ranging from steatosis steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma. Forty-four per cent of all deaths from cirrhosis are attributed to alcohol. Alcoholic liver disease is the second most common diagnosis among patients undergoing liver transplantation (LT). The vast majority of transplant programmes (85%) require 6 mo of abstinence prior to transplantation; commonly referred to as the “6-mo rule”. Both in the case of progressive end-stage liver disease (ESLD) and in the case of severe acute alcoholic hepatitis (AAH), not responding to medical therapy, there is a lack of evidence to support a 6-mo sobriety period. It is necessary to identify other risk factors that could be associated with the resumption of alcohol drinking. The “Group of Italian Regions” suggests that: in a case of ESLD with model for end-stage liver disease < 19 a 6-mo abstinence period is required; in a case of ESLD, a 3-mo sober period before LT may be more ideal than a 6-mo period, in selected patients; and in a case of severe AAH, not responding to medical therapies (up to 70% of patients die within 6 mo), LT is mandatory, even without achieving abstinence. The multidisciplinary transplant team must include an addiction specialist/hepato-alcohologist. Patients have to participate in self-help groups. 相似文献
109.