新型废胶粉改性沥青混合料的路用性能试验研究

文章针对我国道路沥青温度敏感性大的问题,通过在沥青中掺入不同剂量的废旧橡胶粉进行沥青改性及路用性能指标检测试验,研究橡胶粉的剂量对基质沥青性能的影响。试验结果表明,橡胶粉的最佳剂量为15%。     

喷涂型聚脲弹性体在地铁车站防水工程中的应用

喷涂型聚脲弹性体具有优异的物理力学性能及耐老化、固结快、施工方便的特点,在国内外得到非常广泛的应用。简要介绍了喷涂型聚脲弹性体的反应机理和喷涂机理、性能特点;着重叙述了喷涂型聚脲弹性体的喷涂施工工艺和设备以及注意事项。上海轨道交通8号线四平路站、10号线同济大学站防水工程应用喷涂型聚脲弹性体取得了良好的效果。     

Energy-aware load-balaning fault-tolerant routing scheme for ad hoc sensor networks

Most routing protocols for sensor networks try to extend network lifetime by minimizing the energy consumption, but have not taken the network reliability into account. An energy-aware, load-balancing and fault-tolerant routing scheme, termed as ELFR was propsed to adapt to the harsh environment. First a network robustness model was presented. Based on this model, the route discovery phase was designed to make the sensors to construct into a hop-leveled network which is mesh structure. A cross-layer design was adopted to measure the transmission delay so as to detect the failed nodes. The routing scheme works with acknowledge （ACK） feedback mechanism to transfer control messages to avoid producing extra control overhead messages. When nodes fail, the new healthy paths will be selected locally without rerouting. Simulation results show that our scheme is much robust, and it achieves better energy efficiency, load balancing and maintains good end-to-end delay.     

行政决策制度的结构与决策途径科学化

针对行政决策科学化问题,本文探讨了行政决策制度结构,包括行政决策信息公开制度,行政决策听证制度,行政决策咨询制度,以及集体决策制度和监督反馈制度,提出了科学化决策的途径。     

Measurements of car-body lateral vibration induced by high-speed trains negotiating complex terrain sections under strong wind conditions

Assessment of the vibration of high-speed trains negotiating complex sections of terrain under strong wind conditions is very important for research into the operation safety and comfort of passengers on high-speed trains. To assess the vibration of high-speed trains negotiating complex sections of terrain under strong wind conditions, we performed a field measurement when the train passes through typical sections of complex terrain along the Lanzhou–Xinjiang high-speed railway in China. We selected the lateral vibration conditions, including the roll angle and lateral displacement of car-body gravity centre through two typical representative sections (embankment–tunnel–embankment and embankment–rectangular transition–cutting) for analysis. The results show that the severe car-swaying phenomenon occurs when the high-speed train moves through the test section, and the car-body lateral vibration characteristic is related significantly to the state of the terrain and topography along the railway. The main causes for this car-swaying phenomenon may be the transitions between different windproof structures, and the greater the scale of the transition region between different windproof structures or landform changes, the more obvious the car-swaying phenomenon becomes. The lateral vibration of the car-body is relatively steady when the train is running through terrain with minor changes in topography, such as the windbreak installed on the bridge and embankment, but the tail car sways more violently than the head car. When the vehicle runs from the windbreak installed on the embankment into the tunnel (or in the opposite direction), the tail car sways more intensely than the head car, and the head car runs relatively stable in the tunnel.     

基于有限元的活塞组摩擦产热计算分析

基于有限元方法建立了活塞组摩擦产热计算模型,通过发动机工作过程的计算得到了活塞组摩擦产热计算所需的运动学和动力学边界。以某12缸增压柴油机为研究对象,计算得到了标定工况下其活塞组瞬时摩擦力及瞬时摩擦产热功率随曲轴转角的变化,活塞组平均摩擦产热总功率及其在活塞环、活塞裙部、气缸套的分配,以及活塞组摩擦产热所导致的活塞组、气缸套温升情况,计算分析了转速和负荷对活塞组摩擦产热的影响。     

浅析别克陆尊发动机不能启动的原因

通过对别克陆尊发动机不能启动故障的检修,以发散思维分析查找造成故障的深层次原因,以及采取彻底排除故障的有效措施,为同型号车辆的相同故障检修提供指导性经验,亦可作为汽车制造厂家技术改进的依据。     

无人机技术在长江海事监管中的应用

为了打造长江干线全方位覆盖、全天候运行、具备快速反应能力的现代化水上安全监管和应急救助体系,将无人机技术引入海事监管过程当中。分析无人机应用于海事监管的优势,并研究其应用于海事监管的可行性。拓展无人机在海事监管业务中的应用,提出长江海事无人机系统建设思路。系统的建设分为实验阶段、大规模实施阶段和网络建设和应用阶段,目标是建成水-岸-空海事立体监管系统,提升长江海事监管水平。     

郑州地铁盾构隧道下穿加油站的沉降分析

郑州地铁1号线03区间盾构施工需下穿一加油站,该加油站平行布置3个尺寸相同的埋地储油罐,总容积为150 m3,属一级加油站。3个储油罐与左线盾构隧道的竖向净距为7.0 m,水平净距为2.7 m,该加油站属Ⅰ级风险源。为保证盾构施工的安全,提出针对性的盾构掘进控制措施,采用ANSYS通用有限元软件对盾构施工下穿加油站引起的沉降进行数值模拟,计算得到的地表最大累计沉降和倾斜率均未达到监测报警值;因此,加油站在盾构施工时可以正常营业。为了保证盾构的安全推进,提出2盾构的推进间距距离、土舱压力、同步注浆压力等控制措施。盾构掘进过程中的地表和建(构)筑物的监测结果表明:地表和建(构)筑物的最大累计沉降和沉降速率均未达到监测报警值,盾构已经安全穿越加油站,文章提出的盾构掘进措施和研究方法可为类似工程提供参考。     

理论空燃比下废气再循环率对汽油机性能的影响

为了提高某增压汽油机的性能,将其压缩比提高到11.5,并加装一套EGR循环系统。通过台架试验,在低速小负荷和中速中负荷工况下,研究了理论空燃比下废气再循环率对改造后汽油机性能的影响。结果表明:当EGR率小于20%时,采用合适的EGR率配合优化的点火时刻,可以使该发动机燃烧稳定,在保证发动机动力性的同时,指示热效率随着EGR率的增加不断升高;与无EGR时相比,EGR率为20%时,有效燃油消耗率在低速小负荷工况下降低了约4.5%,中速中负荷工况下降低了9.7%;随着EGR率的增加,THC排放增加,而NOx排放显著降低,CO排放在低速小负荷时出现上下波动的现象,而在中速中负荷工况时,随着EGR率的增加不断降低。