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121.
Xiang Lu S. Sundar Kumar Iyer Jin Lee Brian Doyle Zhineng Fan Paul K. Chu Chenming Hu Nathan W. Cheung 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1998,27(9):1059-1066
We have demonstrated feasibility to form silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates using plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII)
for both separation by implantation of oxygen and ion-cut. This high throughput technique can substantially lower the high
cost of SOI substrates due to the simpler implanter design as well as ease of maintenance. For separation by plasma implantation
of oxygen wafers, secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis and cross-sectional transmission electron micrographs show continuous
buried oxide formation under a single-crystal silicon overlayer with sharp Si/SiO2 interfaces after oxygen plasma implantation and high-temperature (1300°C) annealing. Ion-cut SOI wafer fabrication technique
is implemented for the first time using PIII. The hydrogen plasma can be optimized so that only one ion species is dominant
in concentration and there are minimal effects by other residual ions on the ion-cut process. The physical mechanism of hydrogen
induced silicon surface layer cleavage has been investigated. An ideal gas law model of the microcavity internal pressure
combined with a two-dimensional finite element fracture mechanics model is used to approximate the fracture driving force
which is sufficient to overcome the silicon fracture resistance. 相似文献
122.
B. S. Ashok Kumar William A. Klos Eric R. Taylor 《Electric Power Systems Research》1994,30(3):229-234
Recent research reports appear to indicate a real possibility that the low-frequency electromagnetic field produced by the power transmission and distribution network presents a health problem. A critical assessment of the available information is presented here. The state of knowledge, available evidence and conflicting reports indicate a definite need for interim action by the power industry. New direction for analytical research, possible interim avoidance measures, proper advice to clients and the public are discussed. Detailed mathematical modeling for the linear and nonlinear dynamics of DNA and the chromosome as a whole is suggested. 相似文献
123.
Current–Voltage (I–V) characteristics have been studied at various temperatures in vacuum evaporated thin films of a-Se85Te15−x
Pb
x
(x = 0, 2, 4, 6) alloys. These characteristics show that, at low electric fields, an ohmic behaviour is observed. However, at
high electric fields (E ∼ 104 V/cm), the current becomes superohmic. At high fields, in case of samples having 0 and 2 at% of Pb, the experimental data
fits well with the theory of space charge limited conduction (SCLC) in case of uniform distribution of localized states in
the mobility gap. Such type of behaviour is not observed at higher concentration of Pb in the present glassy system due to
high conductivity. In these samples, joule heating due to large currents may prohibit the measurement of SCLC. Using the theory
of SCLC for the uniform distribution of the traps, the density of localized defect states near Fermi level is calculated for
these compositions. The results indicate that the density of defect states near Fermi level increases on addition of Pb to
binary Se85Te15alloy. This is explained in terms of electronegativity of Pb as compared to host elements. 相似文献
124.
Mani Azimi Ching-Tsun Chou Akhilesh Kumar Victor W. Lee Phamndra K. Mannava Seungjoon Park 《Formal Methods in System Design》2003,22(2):109-116
In the last three years or so we at Enterprise Platforms Group at Intel Corporation have been applying formal methods to various problems that arose during the process of defining platform architectures for Intel's processor families. In this paper we give an overview of some of the problems we have worked on, the results we have obtained, and the lessons we have learned. The last topic is addressed mainly from the perspective of platform architects. 相似文献
125.
126.
In this communication, the stability of the double-diffusive solar ponds with non-uniform temperature and salinity gradients has been investigated. This is a further generalization of our approach to this problem initiated in Ref. [7]. Using a stochastic approach, the linearized system of basic equations of motion is reduced to a single integro-differential equation. For convective motion, this equation reduces to a time-independent Schrödinger equation for a particle moving in a potential field ƒ(Z) characterized by the non-uniform temperature and salinity gradients. This equation can, in general, be solved (exactly or approximately depending on the form of the gradient profile) by methods commonly used in quantum mechanics.
In the Appendix, we show that, for a quadratic gradient profile, the above equation has an analytical solution similar to that obtained by Zangrando using numerical computations. 相似文献
127.
J. Siva Kumar K. Vijaya Kumar A. R. Subrahmanyam M. Jaipal Reddy 《Journal of Materials Science》2007,42(14):5752-5755
Ion conducting thin film polymer electrolytes based on polyethylene oxide (PEO) complexed with NaHCO3 salt has been prepared using solution-cast technique. The complexation of NaHCO3 salt with PEO is confirmed by XRD and IR studies. DC conductivity in the temperature range 303–368 K has been evaluated.
The conductivity is found to increase in the PEO complex with the NaHCO3 salt and also with an increase in temperature. Using this polymer electrolyte, an electrochemical cell with the configuration
Na/(PEO + NaHCO3)/(I2 + C + electrolyte) has been fabricated and its discharge characteristics studied. Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) and Short Circuit
Current (SCC) are found to be 2.69 V and 1.28 mA, respectively. Other parameters associated with the cell are evaluated and
presented in this paper. 相似文献
128.
129.
Arjunan Arulchakkaravarthi Rakesh Kumar Parthasarathy Santhanaraghavan Sivaramakrishnan Muralithar Rengasamy Gopalakrishanan Perumalsamy Ramasamy 《Materials Research Innovations》2002,6(5-6):273-276
Organic molecular scintillating crystals are noted for their good timing and particle discrimination process. Trans-stilbene
is one such candidate noted for its good particle detection characteristics for the past five decades. Progressive strengthening
of detection characteristics of trans-stilbene has been attempted by improving crystal perfection. A series of timing resolution
studies have been carried out for the Bridgman grown trans-stilbene crystals under different experimental conditions. The
results were compared with the previously reported values. Pulse shape discrimination process has been carried out for 241Am and 252Cf sources and good discrimination has been obtained for gamma-alpha and gamma-neutron sources from the grown organic phosphor
crystal.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
130.
Gelatin-g-poly(ethyl acrylate) copolymers were prepared in an aqueous medium, using K2S2O8 initiator. The composition of the graft copolymers was dependent upon temperature and duration of the reaction. The number of grafting sites was small and molecular weight of the grafted poly(ethyl acrylate) branches was high. Three copolymer samples with grafting efficiencies of 33.3%, 61.0%, and 84.0%, were tested for their microbial susceptibility in a synthetic medium employing a mixed inoculum of Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens and the percent weight losses were 12%, 10.1%, and 6.0%, respectively, after 6 weeks of incubation. The extent of degradation seems to decrease with increasing grafting efficiency. There was initial rapid weight loss accompanied by the exponential increase in bacterial population and pH of the culture medium during the first week. The nitrogen analysis also showed the utilization of the polymer. A parallel set of experiments, carried out by employing the samples as the only source of both carbon and nitrogen, showed a marginal but definite increase in the utilization of the polymer. 相似文献