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61.
Toru Katsumata Hiromi Kubo Shuji Komuro Hiroaki Aizawa 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2014,97(6):1704-1707
Photoluminescence spectrum, trap depths, and densities of trapped carriers of CaAl2O4:Eu phosphor crystals doped with rare‐earth elements were studied using the thermally stimulated luminescence technique. Trap depths and densities of the specimens vary with rare‐earth elements doped as the auxiliary activators. Tm and Nd are found to be effective for the strong afterglow phosphorescence peaking at λ = 442 nm for several hours after the excitation. CaAl2O4:Eu phosphor crystals doped with Nd and Tm include high density of carriers trapped at E = 0.59 and 0.52 eV, respectively. 相似文献
62.
Koichi Mitsukura Hiromu Sakamoto Haruka Kubo Toyokazu Yoshida Toru Nagasawa 《Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering》2010,109(6):550-553
To efficiently produce 1,3-adamantanediol (1,3-ad(OH)2) from 1-adamantanol (1-adOH), our stocks of culture strains and soil microorganisms were surveyed for hydroxylation activity towards 1-adOH. Among them, the soil actinomycete SA8 showing the highest hydroxylation activity was identified as Streptomyces sp. based on 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis. The reaction products were purified by silica gel column chromatography, and from NMR and MS analyses, they were identified as 1,3-ad(OH)2 and 1,4-ad(OH)2. Streptomyces sp. SA8 produced 5.9 g l? 1 1,3-ad(OH)2from 6.2 g l? 1 1-adOH in culture broth after 120 h at 25 °C. Using resting cells, 2.3 g l? 1 1,3-ad(OH)2 was produced after 96 h of incubation at a 69% conversion rate. In both cases, 1,4-ad(OH)2 was formed as a byproduct at a rate of about 15%. Strain SA8 also hydroxylated 2-adamantanol and 2-methyl-2-adamantanol. 相似文献
63.
Meisen Li Yoshiyuki Bando Ryo Tanigawara Toru Kamiya Keiji Yasuda Masaaki Nakamura 《加拿大化工杂志》2001,79(4):602-607
The effects of operation conditions on the flow behaviour in gas–liquid countercurrent trickle bed biofilter were experimentally examined. In order to prevent gas channelling in the biofilter, packings with a relatively large void fraction, which have a role to maintain a high void fraction in the bed, were added. The gas and liquid velocities of the packed structure and the packings were changed, and the residence time distributions (RTDs) of the gas and liquid were measured. It was found that the addition of void supporters was very effective in the suppression of gas channelling. 相似文献
64.
65.
Yusuke Yamada Atsushi Ueda Zhen Zhao Toru Maekawa Kengo Suzuki Tadashi Takada Tetsuhiko Kobayashi 《Catalysis Today》2001,67(4):325-387
The rapid evaluation of catalysis is an indispensable technology for the success of combinatorial chemistry. A small-sized, less expensive, easily operating screening is desirable for parallel settings which dramatically shortens the evaluation time. Recent advances in gas sensors have enabled us to use them for the rapid evaluation of oxidation catalysis. Three typical catalytic oxidations over metal oxide catalysts were evaluated by gas sensor systems optimized for each catalytic system. The first one is the total oxidation of carbon monoxide in air. Five catalytic combustion-type gas sensors were used in a parallel reactor system to shorten the evaluation time. The second one is the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of ethane over the mixed oxide of nickel and iron. The evaluation of the ODH catalysis was performed by a selective olefin sensor which determines the concentration of C2H4 in C2H6. The third one is the selective oxidation catalysis of propane over alkali modified Fe/SiO2. The effluents including CO, CO2, aldehydes and ketones in propane were analyzed by the CO, CO2 and semiconductor-type gas sensors selective toward aldehydes and ketones. These evaluation results indicated that gas sensors have a good potential for the rapid evaluation of oxidation catalysts. 相似文献
66.
K. Shinohara T. Oikawa N. Oyama G. Saibene Y. Kamada 《Fusion Engineering and Design》2009,84(1):24-32
By using a fully three dimensional magnetic field orbit-following Monte-Carlo code, the energetic ion confinement was investigated for the current conceptual design of the ferromagnetic components in ITER which will be employed for reducing the toroidal magnetic field (TF) ripple. The ferromagnetic insert is effective in the reference standard scenario with Q = 10 (Scenario No. 2) and steady state scenario with Q = 5 (Scenario No. 4) to improve the energetic ion confinement. Over-compensation appears at half of the full toroidal magnetic field and its effect becomes stronger when the quantity of the ferromagnetic insert is increased in order to more reduce the TF ripple at the full toroidal magnetic field. Though the current design is acceptable, whether to increase the ferromagnetic insert to achieve lower TF ripple amplitude at the full field operation depends on how prospected are possibilities of lower field operations. Planned test blanket modules do not induce large loss (<1%) at the full field in Scenario No. 4. At the half field, however, the loss reaches ∼10% for the alpha particles due to localized large TF ripple. 相似文献
67.
68.
Sota H Yoshimine H Whittier RF Gotoh M Shinohara Y Hasegawa Y Okahata Y 《Analytical chemistry》2002,74(15):3592-3598
Despite high theoretical sensitivity, low-cost manufacture, and compactness potentially amenable to lab-on-a-chip use, practical hurdles have stymied the application of the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) for aqueous applications such as detection of biomolecular interactions. The chief difficulty lies in achieving a sufficiently stable resonance signal in the presence of even minute fluctuations in hydrostatic pressure. In this work, we present a novel versatile planar sensor chip design (QCM chip) for a microliter-scale on-line biosensor. By sealing the quartz resonator along its edges to a flat, solid support, we provide uniform support for the crystal face not exposed to solvent, greatly decreasing deformation of the crystal resonator under hydrostatic pressure. Furthermore, this cassette design obviates the need for direct handling when exchanging the delicate quartz crystal in the flow cell. A prototype 27-MHz sensor signal exhibited very low noise over a range of flow rates up to 100 microL/min. In contrast, signals obtained from a conventional QCM sensor employing an O-ring-based holder were less stable and deteriorated even further with increasing flow rate. Additional control designs with intermediate amounts of unsupported undersurface yielded intermediate levels of stability, consistent with the interpretation that deformation of the crystal resonator under fluctuating hydraulic pressure is the chief source of noise. As a practical demonstration of the design's high effective sensitivity, we readily detected interaction between myoglobin and surface-bound antibody. 相似文献
69.
Inohara-Ochiai M Hasegawa S Iguchi S Ashikari T Shibano Y Hemmi H Nakayama T Nishino T 《Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering》2002,93(6):575-583
The monomeric multimetal-binding beta-galactosidase of Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula (srbg), a glycosyl hydrolase family-2 enzyme, has a unique sequence consisting of 192 amino acid residues with no similarity to known proteins. This 192-residue sequence (termed the "iota [iota] sequence") appears to be inserted into a sequence homologous to the active-site domain of the Escherichia coli lacZ enzyme (lacZbg). To assess the effects of the t sequence at specific sites of beta-galactosidase on the catalytic functioning and molecular properties of beta-galactosidase, deletion or insertion mutants of beta-galactosidases were constructed, expressed in LacZ- E. coli strains, and characterized: srbgdelta in which the iota sequence was deleted from srbg, and lacZbgI, in which the 192-residue iota sequence was inserted into the corresponding position (between Asp591 and Phe592) in the active-site domain of lacZbg. srbgdelta was a catalytically inactive, dimeric protein which retained multimetal-binding characteristics, suggesting that the iota sequence is very important for maintaining the structure necessary for the catalytic functioning and the monomeric structure of srbg but is not responsible for the unique metal ion requirements of srbg. On the other hand, lacZbgI existed as a mixture of a monomer, a tetramer, and higher multimers. The monomeric species was inactive, whereas the tetramer and other multimers were catalytically active (V(max )K(m) value, 25% of that of lacZbg) and highly specific for beta-D-galactoside. The tetrameric lacZbgI was activated by Mg2+ and Mn2+ with lowered metal affinities, and the stoichiometry of metal binding was unchanged from that of lacZbg. These results, along with the published stereo structure of lacZbg, suggest that, in lacZbgI, the inserted 192-residue iota peptide could fold independently of the lacZbg domains into a "sub-domain," lying distant from the active site and subunit interfaces. 相似文献
70.
Hemmi H Yamashita S Nakayama T Nishino T 《Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering》2002,93(5):515-518
It is known that 1-deoxy-D-xylulose taken up by Escherichia coli is used as the precursor of the compounds synthesized via the non-mevalonate pathway, such as isoprenoids, probably after conversion into 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate. In this report, we show that a novel phospho(enol) pyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system catalyzes the uptake and phosphorylation of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose. 相似文献