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121.
This paper develops and demonstrates a combined set of models to capture regional development decision processes. The results
of the models are then integrated along with other socio-political factors within a policy relevant decision methodology framework.
The Haynes and Dinc (1997) extension of the shift-share model identifies regional industrial sectors for analysis based on
their scale, productivity and sources of productivity change. By employing Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), the efficiency
of these lead sectors is investigated and the future competitiveness of these sectors is evaluated. By incorporating input-output
analysis the impact of inter-sectoral transactions on sectoral efficiency is assessed. Since in most cases state economic
development planning and implementation processes also involve political judgements, based on the findings of the above models,
the study suggests a decision support framework which combines the above mentioned quantitative tools with other qualitative
decision factors. An Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is employed as a multi-objective decision making device to integrate
the relevant policy components.
Received: March 2001/Accepted: January 2002
The findings, interpretations, and conclusions are entirely those of authors, and do not necessarily represent the views
of the World Bank, its executive directors, or the countries the represent. 相似文献
122.
This paper investigates the control of nonlinear systems by neural networks and fuzzy logic. As the control methods, Gaussian neuro-fuzzy variable structure (GNFVS), feedback error learning architecture (FELA) and direct inverse modeling architecture (DIMA) are studied, and their performances are comparatively evaluated on a two degrees of freedom direct drive robotic manipulator with respect to trajectory tracking performance, computational complexity, design complexity, RMS errors, necessary training time in learning phase and payload variations. 相似文献
123.
Sriruk Srithongchai Murat Demircubuk Peter Dewhurst 《International Journal of Mechanical Sciences》2003,45(1):196-55
Space and force diagrams are presented for a family of simply-supported minimum-weight beam structures. The analytical methods, used to determine volume and displacements for a structure with different strength in tension and compression, are reviewed using the simplest circular arc beam example. The full design of a non-trivial symmetrical beam is described. The use of power series solutions and a matrix operator numerical method, developed for plane-strain slip-line field theory, are described to determine the beam layouts. The results of testing beam models, manufactured using both laser free-form sintering of nylon powder and CNC milling of aluminum alloy plate, are compared to the theoretical predictions of stiffness and maximum load capability. The theoretical predictions are shown to provide excellent agreement with both the isotropic aluminum test structure, and with the strongly bi-modulus nylon test structures. 相似文献
124.
Superresolution video reconstruction with arbitrary samplinglattices and nonzero aperture time 总被引:27,自引:0,他引:27
Printing from an NTSC source and conversion of NTSC source material to high-definition television (HDTV) format are some of the applications that motivate superresolution (SR) image and video reconstruction from low-resolution (LR) and possibly blurred sources. Existing methods for SR image reconstruction are limited by the assumptions that the input LR images are sampled progressively, and that the aperture time of the camera is zero, thus ignoring the motion blur occurring during the aperture time. Because of the observed adverse effects of these assumptions for many common video sources, this paper proposes (i) a complete model of video acquisition with an arbitrary input sampling lattice and a nonzero aperture time, and (ii) an algorithm based on this model using the theory of projections onto convex sets to reconstruct SR still images or video from an LR time sequence of images. Experimental results with real video are provided, which clearly demonstrate that a significant increase in the image resolution can be achieved by taking the motion blurring into account especially when there exists large interframe motion. 相似文献
125.
Murat Bengisu Osman T. Inal John R. Hellmann 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1990,73(2):346-351
Dynamic consolidation techniques were employed to investigate the retention of tetragonal zirconia and degree of consolidation in alumina/zirconia powder compacts. Heating the specimens prior to explosive shock compaction increased the tetragonal-phase retention significantly. Low shock pressures yielded no macrocracking, although final densities were low (60% to 70% of the theoretical density). Heat treatment following dynamic consolidation enhanced the retention of the tetragonal zirconia polymorph regardless of the shock pressure employed. Compact densities were increased to over 90% of theoretical at relatively low sintering temperatures (1300°C). Hardness, toughness, and Young's modulus of the compacts were comparable to those achieved in composites that were synthesized using more conventional techniques. Dynamic compaction offers an alternative method for the fabrication of zirconia-toughened alumina ceramics. 相似文献
126.
Ilkay Orhan Murat Kartal Qamar Naz Asma Ejaz Gülderen Yilmaz Yüksel Kan Belma Konuklugil Bilge Şener M. Iqbal Choudhary 《Food chemistry》2007,103(4):1247-1254
Since Salvia species (Lamiaceae) have been recorded to be used against memory loss in European folk medicine, we herein examined in vitro anticholinesterase and antioxidant activities of 56 extracts prepared with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol obtained from 14 Salvia species (Salvia albimaculata Hedge and Hub, Salvia aucheri Bentham var. canescens Boiss and Heldr, Salvia candidissima Vahl. ssp. occidentalis, Salvia ceratophylla L., Salvia cryptantha Montbret and Bentham, Salvia cyanescens Boiss and Bal., Salvia frigida Boiss, Salvia forskahlei L., Salvia halophilaHedge, Salvia migrostegia Boiss and Bal., Salvia multicaulis Vahl., Salvia sclarea L., Salvia syriaca L., Salvia verticillata L. ssp. amasiaca) growing in Turkey. The antioxidant activities were assessed by both chemical and enzymatic methods against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging and xanthine/xanthine oxidase (XO) system generated superoxide anion radical inhibition. Anticholinesterase effect of the extracts was tested against both acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) at concentrations of 0.2 and 1 mg/ml using a microplate-reader assay based on the Ellman method. Most of the extracts did not show any activity against AChE at 0.2 mg/ml, while the chloroform extracts had noticeable inhibition against BChE between 47.7% and 74.7%. The most active extracts at 1 mg/ml for AChE inhibition were observed to be petroleum ether extract of Salvia albimaculata (89.4%) and chloroform extract of Salvia cyanescens (80.2%), whereas ethyl acetate extracts of Salvia frigida and Salvia migrostegia, chloroform extracts of Salvia candidissima ssp. occidentalis and Salvia ceratophylla, as well as petroleum ether extract of Salvia cyanescens were found to inhibit potently BChE (92.2%, 89.6%, 91.1%, 91.3%, and 91.8%, respectively). Particularly, the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were observed to be highly active against both DPPH and XO. Our data indicates that nonpolar extracts of Salvia species for anticholinesterase activity and the polar extracts for antioxidant activity are worth further phytochemical evaluation for identifying their active components. 相似文献
127.
In this study, the change in the load-bearing system cost of a reinforced concrete office building has been investigated in relation to the earthquake regions and soil types. Three different office projects each with five stories were investigated. The structural design calculations have been made according to four different soil types and four different earthquake regions. According to each combination, concrete, steel and formwork adopted approximations were calculated to reach the rough cost of each office building. The changes in the cost of projects according to the soil type and earthquake region were examined with multiple regression analysis and analysis of variance. In general, the change in cost has been observed around 22% between first and fourth soil type and 14% between first and fourth earthquake region. 相似文献
128.
Mehmet Murat Karaoğlu Halis Gürbüz Kotancilar Kamil Emre Gerçekaslan 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2008,43(10):1778-1785
The effects of frozen storage and initial baking time of par‐baked cake on baking loss, volume, moisture, colour and textural properties of cake obtained after thawing and rebaking were investigated. Cakes, par‐baked at 175 °C for 15, 20 and 25 min, were stored at ?18 °C for 3, 6 and 9 months. After storage, par‐baked cakes were thawed and rebaked at 175 °C for 10, 15 and 20 min. Baking loss, moisture content, L and +b colour values, firmness, gumminess and chewiness of the resulting full‐baked cakes were significantly affected by both par‐baking and frozen storage time, while specific volume, cohesiveness, springiness and resilience values were significantly affected by frozen storage time. The increase in the time of frozen storage of the par‐baked cake leads to a decrease in the quality of the rebaked cake, namely an increase of baking loss and cake crumb firmness, and a loss in the moisture content and specific volume. Moisture of cake crumb, L and +b colour values, firmness, gumminess and chewiness significantly increased as the par‐baking time increased. However, regarding baking loss, specific volume, moisture content and textural properties, 3‐month intermediate storage at ?18 °C and 20‐min initial baking time gave the best result among the cakes produced by using the two‐step baking procedure. 相似文献
129.
The electronic and optical properties of sol–gel synthesized n-ZnO/n-GaN (0001) isotype heterojunction were reported. By incorporating ZnO–GaN with the same wurtzite structure and the similar lattice constant, a heterojunction was fabricated. The junction properties were evaluated by measuring the electrical characteristics. The n-ZnO/n-GaN heterostructure exhibits a non-ideal I–V behavior with the ideality factor greater than unity that could be ascribed to the interfacial layer, interface states and series resistance. The forward turn on voltage is about 0.7 V and the reverse breakdown voltage is more than 2 V. The optical band gaps of the ZnO film and GaN using optical absorption method were found to be 3.272 eV and 3.309 eV, respectively. The fundamental absorption edge in the film is formed by the direct allowed transitions. 相似文献
130.
In this study, three-dimensional elasto-plastic analysis of functionally graded (FG) circular plates under low-velocity impact loads is presented. The FG circular plate is composed of ceramic (SiC) and metal (Al) phases, varying in a predetermined fashion through the plate thickness. The elasto-plastic behaviour of the FG circular plate is described by the TTO model. In the analyses, the ceramic phase is taken to be an isotropic elastic material whereas the metal phase is taken to be elasto-plastic material in accordance with the TTO model. The locally effective material properties were evaluated using homogenization method which is based on the Mori–Tanaka scheme. The effects of compositional gradient exponent and impactor velocity on the elasto-plastic impact response of the FG circular plates are investigated, and results are presented graphical form. The compositional gradient exponent and impactor velocity have significant effects on the elasto-plastic impact response of the FG circular plates. The elasto-plastic impact response of FG circular plates is similar to those of homogeneous plates. Therefore, the TTO model can be used to describe the mechanical behaviour of FG plates beyond the elastic range, assuming that the material response is essentially governed by the spreading of plasticity in the metal phase. 相似文献