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991.
992.
We provide a new mixed finite element analysis for linear elastodynamics with reduced symmetry. The problem is formulated as a second order system in time by imposing only the Cauchy stress tensor and the rotation as primary and secondary variables, respectively. We prove that the resulting variational formulation is well-posed and provide a convergence analysis for a class of \({\mathrm {H}}(\mathop {{\mathrm {div}}}\nolimits )\)-conforming semi-discrete schemes. In addition, we use the Newmark trapezoidal rule to obtain a fully discrete version of the problem and carry out the corresponding convergence analysis. Finally, numerical tests illustrating the performance of the fully discrete scheme are presented. 相似文献
993.
994.
995.
Mari Lou Balmer Fred F. Lange Carlos G. Levi 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1992,75(4):946-952
Aqueous mixtures of either zirconium acetate or zirconium nitrate and magnesium nitrate were dried and subsequently pyrolyzed at fast heating rates (upquenching) to form metastable crystalline phases of ZrO2 with various degrees of MgO supersaturation. The crystallization temperature was determined to be 380°C for the zirconium acetate, and 270°C for the zirconium nitrate at a heating rate of 5°C/min. The crystalline structures were characterized as a function of MgO content and thermal history for specimens containing 0 to 30 mol% MgO. Upquenching to 900°C, where monoclinic ( m ) ZrO2 and MgO are the equilibrium phases, yielded single-phase tetragonal ( t ) ZrO2 (<8 mol% MgO), single-phase cubic ( c ) ZrO2 (9 to 17 mol% MgO), and two-phase c -ZrO2 + MgO structures (>17 mol% MgO). The composition for which T 0 ( t/c ) = 900°C was estimated as 9 ± 1 mol% MgO. Compositions crystallizing as metastable t -ZrO2 (<8 mol% MgO) partitioned at higher temperatures and/or longer times into two-phase mixtures, following the general sequence t → t + m → m + MgO. Similarly, compositions forming metastable c -ZrO2 (10 to 30 mol% MgO) partitioned in the following sequence: c → c + t + MgO → t + MgO → t + m + Mgo → m + Mgo. The initial phase selection and subsequent partitioning sequence are discussed in light of phase hierarchies predicted from thermodynamic concepts and kinetic constraints which are introduced by the solute partitioning required to achieve equilibrium. 相似文献
996.
Boris Larin Gad Marom Carlos A. Avila‐Orta Rajesh H. Somani Benjamin S. Hsiao 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2005,98(3):1113-1118
Melt blends of short aramid fibers (AF) and isotactic polypropylene (iPP) are subjected to shear at 145°C and the structural evolution and final morphology are examined by in situ synchrotron X‐ray scattering/diffraction and high‐resolution scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The results indicate that the presence of short AFs significantly enhances the crystallization of iPP. It is argued that shear flow in this system exerts a twofold orientating action, namely, on the bulk iPP molecules and on the short AFs. The resultant crystalline morphology reflects the combined effects of crystallization on orientated iPP molecules to facilitate a shish kebab morphology and at the interface of the aligned fibers, to form transcrystallinity. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 1113–1118, 2005 相似文献
997.
Marta Abrantes Maria Salete Balula Anabela A. Valente Filipe A. Almeida Paz Martyn Pillinger Carlos C. Romão João Rocha Isabel S. Gonçalves 《Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials》2007,17(1):215-222
The organotin vanadate [Me3SnVO3] (1) has been prepared and characterised in the solid state by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis, multinuclear
magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR, IR and Raman spectroscopy. The phase purity and structure of microcrystalline 1 were confirmed by carrying out a full Rietveld structural refinement at ambient temperature and from conventional powder
XRD. 51V and 119Sn MAS NMR data for compound 1 were in agreement with the predicted structure, showing two equally-abundant, nonequivalent Me3Sn groups and two equally-abundant, nonequivalent vanadium atoms. The compound was applied as a catalyst for the liquid-phase
epoxidation of olefins at 55 °C using tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBuOOH) as the oxidant. The reaction rate for the different substrates followed the order cis-cyclooctene > (R)-(+)-limonene ≅ trans-2-octene > cyclododecene > styrene > 1-octene; the corresponding epoxides were the
only observed products. Leaching tests indicated that the catalytic epoxidation of cyclooctene was mainly heterogeneous in
nature.
This paper is dedicated to Professor Ian Manners and his scientific accomplishments. 相似文献
998.
Rossi EA Vendramini RC Carlos IZ de Oliveira MG de Valdez GF 《Archivos latinoamericanos de nutrición》2003,53(1):47-51
This study was undertaken to verify the effect of a daily intake of a new fermented soy milk produced with Enterococcus faecium and Lactobacillus jugurti on the serum lipid levels in normocholesterolemic middle-aged men. The study was randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled and was performed for a period of 6 weeks. Forty-four normocholesterolemic healthy, male volunteers, aged 40-55 years old were randomly separated in two groups: The F-group received 200 ml of the fermented product daily and the P-group received 200 ml of placebo (chemically fermented). The blood samples were drawn initially and after 3 and 6 weeks and serum values for total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride were determined. The LDL-cholesterol value was estimated. No significant changes in the fermented group (F) were observed for total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol or triglyceride levels, while the HDL-cholesterol level was significantly higher (p < or = 0.05) after 6 weeks. The total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels were significantly higher (p < or = 0.05) in the placebo group (P), but no changes were found for the HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels during the experimental period. In conclusion, the intake of 200 ml/day of the fermented soy milk, produced with E. faecium and L. jugurti, for 6 weeks, did not affect the serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, and led an increase of 10% in the HDL-cholesterol level. 相似文献
999.
Cintia Ocampo Ramon Oliver Elaine Armelin Carlos Alemán Francesc Estrany 《Journal of Polymer Research》2006,13(3):193-200
Electrodeposition of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) by electrochemical polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene has
been performed on steel electrodes rather than on the typically used inert electrodes (Pt, Au, graphite carbon). The polymer
was generated by cyclic voltammetry, chronopotentiometry and chronoamperometry from a 10 mM monomer solution in acetonitrile
with 0.1 M LiClO4. Elemental analysis of the generated polymer indicated that the monomeric units support 0.54 positive charges balanced with
CIO4
14− counterions. Electrochemical, electrical and structural properties of the prepared material have been characterized. The
good adherence of films combined with its excellent properties indicate that poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) can be a suitable
material for anticorrosion applications. 相似文献
1000.
Cárdenas Quintana H Gómez Bravo C Pretell EA 《Archivos latinoamericanos de nutrición》2003,53(4):408-412
With the objective to establish the cause-effect relationship between a geological area and the iodine content in cattle milk, and to estimate the contribution of milk consumption to the dietary iodine intake, the iodine content in cattle milk from the sierra and the coastal regions of Perú was determined. Milk samples were collected of cows from the three main productive zones of Perú, 62 in Cajamarca, 42 in Arequipa, both in the sierra, and 27 in Lima at the coast. The measurement of iodine was made by the method of Zak, based on the Sandell- Kolthoff reaction. The median values obtained were 24 microg/L in Cajamarca, 34 microg/L in Arequipa, and 170 microg/L in Lima. The median value in the sierra, 26 microg/L, was significantly lower than the one found in the coast. Moreover, while in the former 81% of individual values were below 50 microg/L, in the latter, on the contrary, 77% were above 80 microg/L. These results confirm that the iodine content in cattle milk is related to ecological factors. At the same time, they demonstrate that the iodine content in milk from the sierra is six times lower than in milk from the coast, and also that its consumption does not contribute significantly to satisfy the human physiological requirements of iodine in that zone. 相似文献