经皮自体骨髓移植治疗骨折不愈合患者27例报道

目的探讨经皮自体骨髓植治疗骨折不愈合的临床疗效。方法对27例骨折不愈合患者在C臂X线机下抽取自体红骨髓注射至骨折不愈合部位。结果 27例不愈合患者中23例最终愈合,愈合时间3～11个月,3例有少许骨痂生长,1例患者无骨痂生长。结论经皮自体骨髓移植对治疗骨折不愈合是一种可供选择的方法 。     

膝关节周围韧带三维有限元模型的建立

目的建立膝关节周围韧带的三维有限元模型,探讨膝关节韧带建模途径。方法选取一无病理改变的膝关节节段标本作为研究对象。首先精细解剖出膝关节周围韧带,用金属线圈标记,止点采用钻孔标记,其中前、后交叉韧带按不同功能束分别解剖并标记;然后进行CT扫描,层厚0.625 mm,应用Mimics软件对数据进行三维重建;最后将数据导入ANSYS有限元软件中,建立膝关节周围韧带三维有限元模型。结果所选膝关节周围韧带三维有限元模型包括了股骨节段、胫骨节段、前交叉韧带两个功能束、后交叉韧带两个功能束、内侧副韧带和外侧副韧带,总单元数235 879,总节点数69 997。结论研究所建立的膝关节韧带有限元模型形态逼真,能真实反映膝关节骨外形和韧带三维结构,为进一步分析膝关节周围韧带损伤的发病机制奠定了基础。     

无蒂型结膜乳头状瘤临床分析

目的分析和探讨无蒂型结膜乳头状瘤的临床和病理特征、治疗方法及其疗效。方法对23例(23眼)无蒂型结膜乳头状瘤患者的临床、病理资料及手术方法进行回顾性分析。结果23例患者均经病理证实为结膜乳头状瘤,其中3例还可见鳞状上皮细胞呈巢状或团块状浸润性生长,提示癌变。对23例患者均进行术后随访,时间为2～5年,平均随访时间为(4.6±1.6)年,无1例失访。在行羊膜移植的21例患者中,76.2%(16/21)在羊膜术后4周内吸收,14.3%(3/21)在第5周吸收,9.5%(2/21)在第6周吸收。术后矫正视力>1.0有7例,0.3～1.0有15例,<0.3有1例。随访期间所有患者均未复发。21.7%(5/23)的患者出现角膜周边混浊,主要因病变组织范围较大,从角巩缘长入角膜周边浅基质层间,组织修复后可见角膜周边混浊,但不影响视力。4.3%(1/23)的患者在外眦角附近出现轻度睑球粘连,系结膜缝线过早脱落所致,对眼球视功能、运动和外观无影响。所有患者均未出现严重并发症。结论无蒂型结膜乳头状瘤有癌变倾向,显微手术切除联合羊膜移植是有效的治疗方法。     

慢性根尖周炎一次性根管治疗的疗效分析

目的 观察分析慢性根尖周炎一次性根管治疗的长期疗效,评价慢性根尖周炎一次性根管治疗的临床可行性.方法 选取临床诊断为慢性根尖周炎的磨牙228颗为研究对象.120颗患牙在一次治疗内完成去除腐质、清理髓腔、根管预备和根管充填,设为Ⅰ组;108颗患牙经3次治疗后完成根管充填（第一次去除腐质,髓腔清理后封CP一周,第二次根管预备后封氢氧化钙1周,第三次完成根管充填）,设为Ⅱ组.两组均采用冠向下技术预备根管,3％的次氯酸钠和17％的EDTA冲洗根管,侧向加压法充填根管.术后2年随访,比较两组的临床疗效.结果 Ⅰ组根管治疗的成功率88.79％ （95/120）;Ⅱ组根管治疗的成功率92.08％（93/108）.x 2检验结果显示两组疗效差异没有统计学意义（x 2=0.649,P＞0.05）.结论 慢性根尖周炎根管治疗采用一次法或多次法完成,其长期疗效并无区别.     

Release Behaviour of Single Pellets and Internal Fine 3D Structural Features Co-define the In Vitro Drug Release Profile

Multi-pellet formulations are advantageous for the controlled release of drugs over single-unit dosage forms. To understand the diffusion controlled drug release mechanism, the pellet structure and drug release from a single pellet (not at dose level) were studied using synchrotron radiation X-ray computed microtomography (SR-μCT) and a sensitive LC/MS/MS method. The purpose of this article is to introduce a powerful, non-invasive and quantitative technique for studying individual pellet microstructures and to investigate the relationship between the microstructure and drug release from single pellets. The data from the single pellet dissolution measurements demonstrated that the release profile of capsules containing approximately 1,000 pellets per unit dose was the summation of the release profiles of the individual pellets. The release profiles of single tamsulosin hydrochloride (TSH) pellets formed three groups when a cluster analysis was performed, and the dissolution rate of the individual pellets correlated well with the combined effects of the drug loading, volume and surface area of the pellets (R² = 0.9429). In addition, the void microstructures within the pellet were critical during drug release. Therefore, SR-μCT is a powerful tool for quantitatively elucidating the three-dimensional microstructure of the individual pellets; because the microstructure controls drug release, it is an important parameter in the quality control of multi-pellet formulations.KEY WORDS: microstructure, release kinetics, single pellet, synchrotron radiation X-ray computed microtomography     

In vitro inhibitory effect of piperlonguminine isolated from Piper longum on human cytochrome P450 1A2

Piperlonguminine (PL), a major alkaloid isolated from Piper longum fruits, shows several biological activities including anti-tumor, anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-inflammatory effects. Although there have been studies of the biological effects of PL, the potential drug-interaction effect of PL following evaluation of inhibitory effects of cytochrome P450 (CYP) activities was not investigated. Here, to investigate the inhibitory effects of PL on the activities of CYP isoforms, CYP inhibition assays were conducted using a cocktail of probe substrates in pooled human liver microsome (HLMs) and human recombinant cDNA-expressed CYP. PL strongly inhibited CYP1A2-mediated phenacetin O-deethylation with an IC₅₀ value of 8.8 μM, as NADPH-independent inhibition, while other CYPs were not significantly inhibited. A Lineweaver–Burk plot resulted in the inhibition mechanism of PL being divided into two different modes, reversible competitive inhibition in a low concentration range of 0–16 μM with a K_i value of 1.39 μM and uncompetitive inhibitory behavior at a high concentration range of 16–40 μM. In addition, PL only decreased CYP 1A2-catalyzed phenacetin O-deethylase activity with IC₅₀ values of 10.0 μM in human recombinant cDNA-expressed 1A2, not 1A1. Overall, this is the first investigation of potential herb–drug interactions associated with PL conducted by identifying the competitive inhibitory effects of PL on CYP1A2 in HLMs.     

中国30个地区HBV基因型分布特点和临床意义

目的了解中国乙型肝炎病毒感染者中HBV基因型的分布特点和临床意义。方法应用型特异性引物聚合酶链反应法,对中国30个省市自治区共2922份HBV感染者血清标本进行基因型检测,同时检测相关病毒学及肝功能生化指标,分析基因型分布特点及临床意义。结果2922例HBV感染者中,B、C、B／C、D基因型分别占15．9％、83．5％、0．41％、0．21％,未发现其他基因型。北方地区c基因型占绝大多数,南方地区浙江、江苏地区以c基因型为主,广东、湖南、湖北、江西以B基因型为主。B基因型较c基因型HBV感染者平均年龄小（P〈0．001）;C基因型HBV感染者HBeAg阳性率较B基因型高（P=0．023）;B基因型HBV感染者乙型肝炎病毒载量较c基因型高（P=0．038）;C基因型HBV感染者CHE、ALB较低,差异有统计学意义（P值分别为0．016）。结论中国HBV基因型以B、c基因型为主,仅少量的B／C和D基因型。北方地区以c基因型为主,南方地区c基因型明显减少,部分南方地区以B基因型为主。c基因型HBV感染者年龄较大、HBeAg阳性率高、HBVDNA载量低,病情较重。     

BioArchive自动液氮储存系统保存的胎盘脐血的冷冻生物学特征

为了解在特定降温和复温过程中于BioArchive自动液氮储存系统保存的胎盘脐血 (PCB)的冷冻生物学特征 ,采用Procount方法流式细胞术测定CD34+ 细胞含量 ,细胞集落形成单位 (CFU)检测CD34+ 细胞的增殖能力 ,台盼蓝拒染法和白细胞分类测定有核细胞活存率和白细胞分类变化。结果显示 ,冻存复温后PCB有核细胞平均活存率为 (73.3± 12 .5 ) % ;PCBCD34+ 细胞的含量在冻存前为 (0 .3± 0 .2 1) % ,冻存复温后为 (0 .4 5± 0 .36 ) %。冻存复温后PCBCFU GM / G/ GEMM形成能力为冻存前的 (97.9± 39.9) %。比较大、小冷冻袋冻存复温后PCB细胞活存率和CFU GM/ G/ GEMM的形成能力无显著差异。另外 ,冻存复温后PCB的白细胞分类明显改变 ,粒细胞百分比明显降低 ,淋巴细胞和单核细胞百分比明显升高。结论 :在本研究中所采用的降温与复温程序不适于保存粒细胞 ,但是能够很好地保存淋巴细胞和单核细胞 ,尤其是CD34+ 的幼稚造血细胞。     

山西省永济市2008年地方性氟中毒流行现况调查分析

目的为了解降氟改水后永济市饮水型地方性氟中毒的流行病学慨况及消K趋势,为今后的防治工作提供科学依据。方法采脂分层整群抽样方法在水济市氟中毒流行枢按轻、中、重病区共抽盘18个病区村,进行水氟、8～12岁儿童氟斑牙、碌氟及16岁以．卜成人氟骨症流行病学调查。水氟和尿氟采用氟离于选择电极法测定。结果共抽检饮川水81份,超标5份,超标率6．17％,水氟均值0．70mg∥L,最大值2．41mg/L。8～12岁儿童28l铝,氟斑牙患病率为41．64％,缺损率为16．37％,氟斑牙指数1,尿氟均数为2．38mg／L。共渊查16岁以上成人19662人,氟骨症患病人数663人,患病率为3．37％。结论水济市氟中毒病情已处于稳定状态,但依然属于地方性氟中毒的流行区,以降氟改水为主的综合防治措施仍需进一步加强,监测工作不能放松。