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51.
52.
KM Kanal NJ Hangiandreou AM Sykes HE Eklund PA Araoz JA Leon BJ Erickson 《Journal of digital imaging》2002,14(1):30-37
The aims of this work were to measure the accuracy of one continuous speech recognition product and dependence on the speaker's
gender and status as a native or nonnative English speaker, and evaluate the product's potential for routine use in transcribing
radiology reports. IBM MedSpeak/Radiology software, version 1.1 was evaluated by 6 speakers. Two were nonnative English speakers,
and 3 were men. Each speaker dictated a set of 12 reports. The reports included neurologic and body imaging examinations performed
with 6 different modalities. The dictated and original report texts were compared, and error rates for overall, significant,
and subtle significant errors were computed. Error rate dependence on modality, native English speaker status, and gender
were evaluated by performing ttests. The overall error rate was 10.3 +/- 3.3%. No difference in accuracy between men and women
was found; however, significant differences were seen for overall and significant errors when comparing native and nonnative
English speakers (P = .009 and P = .008, respectively). The speech recognition software is approximately 90% accurate, and
while practical implementation issues (rather than accuracy) currently limit routine use of this product throughout a radiology
practice, application in niche areas such as the emergency room currently is being pursued. This methodology provides a convenient
way to compare the initial accuracy of different speech recognition products, and changes in accuracy over time, in a detailed
and sensitive manner. 相似文献
53.
Lesions of the articular surfaces of the knee have been managed by various techniques over the last 50 years. Surgical management has involved: excising the damaged area, refashioning the underlying bone to produce a fibrous response, and introducing allograft, autograft and synthetic materials to encourage a repair matrix. The techniques and their pitfalls are reviewed and discussed, and suggestions made as to the direction of future studies for the repair of osteochondral lesions in the painful knee. 相似文献
54.
Immunological factors in endometriosis-associated reproductive failure: studies in fertile and infertile women with and without endometriosis 总被引:7,自引:4,他引:7
Martinez-Roman S; Balasch J; Creus M; Fabregues F; Carmona F; Vilella R; Vanrell JA 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(8):1794-1799
Immunopathophysiological mechanisms in endometriosis-associated
reproductive failure were studied in appropriate populations: infertile and
fertile women with and without endometriosis. The incidence of sera
positive for any of the autoantibodies tested among infertile women with
endometriosis (n = 25) was similar to that observed in the three control
groups [unexplained infertility patients (n = 25) and fertile women with (n
= 10) and without (n = 25) endometriosis]. The mean volume of peritoneal
fluid was significantly elevated in women with endometriosis (both fertile
and infertile) as compared with patients without endometriosis (fertile or
infertile). The concentration of peritoneal fluid leukocytes and the
percentage of cells positive for macrophage markers were significantly
increased and the percentage of T lymphocytes significantly decreased in
infertile women with endometriosis but not in patients with unexplained
infertility and fertile women with endometriosis, as compared with fertile
controls without endometriosis. Macrophages from infertile patients with
endometriosis had higher sperm phagocytosis than did those from infertile
women without endometriosis or fertile subjects with or without
endometriosis. Incidences of serum and peritoneal fluid samples embryotoxic
to the in-vitro development of 2-cell mouse embryos were significantly
higher in infertile patients with endometriosis than in unexplained
infertility patients and fertile women with or without endometriosis. It is
concluded that immunological mechanisms of endometriosis-associated
infertility exist but that these peritoneal immunological factors in
infertile women with endometriosis are related to their subfertility rather
than to the presence of ectopic endometrial implants. This is supported by
the lack of immunological abnormalities observed among fertile women with
endometriosis. These immunological abnormalities are lacking in patients
with unexplained infertility.
相似文献
55.
The ileoanal J pouch: radiographic evaluation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Endorectal ileoanal pull-through offers an attractive alternative to proctocolectomy and ileostomy for patients with ulcerative colitis, Gardner syndrome, and familial polyposis. To our knowledge, a careful radiographic analysis of the ileum, ileal pouch, and ileoanal anastomosis after ileoanal pull-through has not been reported. Thirty-two patients with ulcerative colitis, Gardner syndrome, and familial polyposis underwent colectomy, mucosal proctectomy, and endorectal ileoanal pull-through of a 15-cm ileal "J" pouch and loop ileostomy. Twenty-five (78%) of 32 of all the pouches radiographically demonstrated spiral folds extending from the middle of the pouch to the pectinate line. Other radiographic features included a mesenteric mass effect, pseudopolyps, and a central lucency that indicated intrapouch sutures. Radiographs provide useful information in the postoperative management of the ileal pull-through. 相似文献
56.
Timotej Jagrič Christine Brown Tammy Boyce Vita Jagrič 《Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2021,125(1):90-97
Policy-makers face pressures to improve lives and safeguard public finances sustainably. In this analysis, we estimate the economic importance of the health-care sector in 19 European national economies.We use input–output tables for the year 2010 and sectoral data to estimate a set of multipliers: simple, total, truncated, type I and type II multipliers for output, income, value-added, employment and import multiplier.The analysis reveals similarities in the economic importance of the health-care sector for the national economies of the observed countries. Results suggest prevailing positive effects on national economies (value-added, employment and household income) when spending on health-care sector products and services increases, especially in comparison to the effects of increases in spending in other sectors. The importance of the health-care sector is connected to countries’ levels of development; the benefits are especially promising in countries with lower levels of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, where changes in the health-care sector have a larger impact on employment in the national economy than similar changes in more developed countries. The health-care sector therefore can play an important role as an instrument of economic policy. 相似文献
57.
Valentina Mazzotta Alessandro Cozzi Lepri Francesca Colavita Silvia Rosati Eleonora Lalle Claudia Cimaglia Jessica Paulicelli Ilaria Mastrorosa Serena Vita Lavinia Fabeni Alessandra Vergori Gaetano Maffongelli Fabrizio Carletti Simone Lanini Emanuela Caraffa Eugenia Milozzi Raffaella Libertone Pierluca Piselli Enrico Girardi AnnaRosa Garbuglia Francesco Vaia Fabrizio Maggi Emanuele Nicastri Andrea Antinori INMI COVID- Outpatient Treatment Study Group 《Journal of medical virology》2023,95(1):e28186
58.
59.
60.
Michel Tauc Patrice Congar Valérie Poncet Jean Merot Claudio Vita Philippe Poujeol 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》1993,425(1-2):126-133
The patch-clamp technique was used to study the toxin pharmacology of the large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel (BKCa) present in the apical membrane of rabbit proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) in primary culture. Experiments were performed with the inside-out configuration. This channel was very selective for K+ against Na+ and had a conductance of 180 pS with 140 mmol/l in the pipette and the bath. The action of toxins was studied on the extracellular side of the channel by using the pipette perfusion technique. Experimental conditions were 140 mmol/l KCl in the pipette and 140 mmol/l Nad in the bath. Pipette potential was maintained at 0 mV. Perfusion of crude venom from Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus inhibited reversibly the open probability (P
o) in a concentration-dependent fashion (IC50=0.8 mg/l; n=3). The following synthetic or purified toxins were tested: synthetic charybdotoxin (ChTX) IC50=7.3×10–9 M (n=5); iberiotoxin (IbTX) IC50=5.5×10–7 mol/l (n=3); and kaliotoxin (KTX) IC50=4.8×10–7 mol/l (n=3). The suppression of the six first N-terminal amino-acids slightly reduced the affinity of ChTX (IC50=1.2×10–8 mol/l, n=4). Neither Dendroaspis polylepis venom nor purified dendrotoxin modified P
o even at high concentrations (20 mg/l and 10–6 mol/l respectively). Apamin, which blocked the small-conductance K+ channel in cultured PCT, did not act on BKCa. These results indicate that ChTX is the most efficient known toxin against the epithelial BKCa in primary cultures of PCT. In spite of there being considerable homology of sequence between ChTX, IbTX and KTX, ChTX was about 100 times more effective than the others. Truncated ChTX kept a high affinity for this channel and could be used to obtain a labelled probe. 相似文献