全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1231篇 |
免费 | 77篇 |
国内免费 | 63篇 |
学科分类
医药卫生 | 1371篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 3篇 |
2021年 | 15篇 |
2020年 | 3篇 |
2019年 | 6篇 |
2018年 | 7篇 |
2017年 | 9篇 |
2016年 | 12篇 |
2015年 | 13篇 |
2014年 | 24篇 |
2013年 | 29篇 |
2012年 | 36篇 |
2011年 | 33篇 |
2010年 | 31篇 |
2009年 | 47篇 |
2008年 | 48篇 |
2007年 | 65篇 |
2006年 | 44篇 |
2005年 | 42篇 |
2004年 | 22篇 |
2003年 | 21篇 |
2002年 | 26篇 |
2001年 | 32篇 |
2000年 | 29篇 |
1999年 | 41篇 |
1998年 | 61篇 |
1997年 | 67篇 |
1996年 | 64篇 |
1995年 | 59篇 |
1994年 | 43篇 |
1993年 | 42篇 |
1992年 | 20篇 |
1991年 | 28篇 |
1990年 | 23篇 |
1989年 | 50篇 |
1988年 | 41篇 |
1987年 | 38篇 |
1986年 | 23篇 |
1985年 | 24篇 |
1984年 | 16篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 17篇 |
1981年 | 19篇 |
1980年 | 20篇 |
1979年 | 16篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 17篇 |
1976年 | 11篇 |
1975年 | 9篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1969年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1371条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
12.
Rupture of the distal biceps tendon: evaluation with MR imaging 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
13.
锌酞菁脂质体光动力作用引起小鼠肿瘤的细胞程序性死亡 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
电镜观察了锌酞菁脂质体光动力作用引起小鼠MS-2纤维肉瘤的形态学变化。发现其作用很强,并对肿瘤细胞有明显的直接影响。肿瘤细胞的结构表现出明显的程序性细胞死亡(apoptosis,programmedceldeath)的特点:胞核染色质凝聚边集、核固缩、核破裂、染色质凝块流失、胞质内吞噬现象、胞膜表面肿胀粗钝的胞突形成、细胞碎裂等。加深了对锌酞菁脂质体光敏作用机理的认识,但其详细的发生机制和调节途径有待阐明。 相似文献
14.
K. Uusi-Rasi M. Laaksonen V. Mikkil? S. Tolonen O. T. Raitakari J. Viikari T. Lehtim?ki M. K?h?nen H. Siev?nen 《Osteoporosis international》2012,23(4):1453-1461
Summary
We evaluated the adult bone structural traits in relation to childhood overweight in 832 men and women. Childhood overweight was associated with larger cross-sections at long bones in both sexes. Excess weight in childhood may also lead to higher trabecular density in females and somewhat lower cortical density in men. 相似文献15.
16.
Ortiz-Alvarez O; Cabral D; Prendiville JS; Stringer D; Petty RE; Malleson PN 《Rheumatology (Oxford, England)》1997,36(2):280-284
Two children are reported in whom intestinal pseudo-obstruction was the
initial manifestation of systemic sclerosis. Gastrointestinal symptoms and
skin changes resolved or improved in both children following treatment with
prednisone and penicillamine (case 1) or methotrexate (case 2), although
radiological changes of the gastrointestinal tract persisted at 3 and 2 yr
of follow-up, respectively.
相似文献
17.
Coakley G; Mok CC; Hajeer AH; Ollier WE; Turner D; Sinnott PJ; Hutchinson IV; Panayi GS; Lanchbury JS 《Rheumatology (Oxford, England)》1998,37(9):988-991
OBJECTIVE: To examine whether promoter polymorphisms associated with
variation in interleukin-10 (IL-10) production are relevant to the
development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or Felty's syndrome (FS). METHODS:
DNA was obtained from 44 FS patients, 117 RA patients and 295 controls. The
promoter region between -533 and - 1120 was amplified by polymerase chain
reaction, and polymorphisms detected by restriction enzyme digest or
sequence-specific oligonucleotide probing. RESULTS: We found no significant
difference in allele or haplotype frequencies between the groups.
CONCLUSION: There is no association between FS or RA and these recently
identified IL-10 promoter polymorphisms. Other genetic or environmental
factors could explain the alterations in IL-10 levels seen in these
conditions.
相似文献
18.
Arkkila PE Koskinen PJ Kantola IM Rönnemaa T Seppänen E Viikari JS 《Diabetes research and clinical practice》2001,52(2):113-118
This study was performed to clarify if diabetic complications are associated with liver enzyme activities in type 1 diabetic outpatients. Elevated activities of serum aminotransferases are a common sign of liver disease and are observed more frequently among people with diabetes than in the general population. Many studies have shown an association between specific diabetic complications and disturbances in various tissues, such as diabetic nephropathy and cardiovascular diseases, but only limited data are available on the possible association between diabetic complications and liver function. We studied 28 patients with type 1 diabetes. Mean age was 43.4+/-9.5 (S.D.), and duration of diabetes 25.2+/-9.7. Limited joint mobility (LJM) was assessed by the Rosenbloom's method. Background and proliferative retinopathy, and peripheral symmetrical polyneuropathy were also assessed. Activities of alanine amino transferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in serum were determined. The metabolic control of the diabetes was evaluated by the glycosylated haemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) level and lipid values were also measured. ALT activity was associated with LJM (P<0.01) and with neuropathy (P<0.01). Association between GGT activity and LJM (P<0.01) and neuropathy (P<0.01) were also found. GGT activity was also associated with the severity of retinopathy (P<0.01). None of these associations was explained by confounding effects of diabetes duration, age, body mass index (BMI), HbA(1c) or alcohol consumption. In conclusion, diabetic complications such as LJM, retinopathy and neuropathy are associated with liver enzyme activities independent of alcohol consumption, BMI and metabolic control of diabetes. 相似文献
19.
Enhancement of insulin-stimulated myocardial glucose uptake in patients with Type 2 diabetes treated with rosiglitazone. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
K. Hllsten K. A. Virtanen F. Lnnqvist T. Janatuinen M. Turiceanu T. Rnnemaa J. Viikari T. Lehtimki J. Knuuti P. Nuutila 《Diabetic medicine》2004,21(12):1280-1287
AIMS: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) activators have recently been identified as regulators of cellular proliferation, inflammatory responses and lipid and glucose metabolism. These agents prevent coronary arteriosclerosis and improve left ventricular remodelling and function in heart failure after myocardial infarction. Improvement in myocardial metabolic state may be one of the mechanisms behind these findings. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of rosiglitazone on myocardial glucose uptake in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Placebo and metformin were used as control treatments. METHODS: Forty-four patients were randomized to treatment with rosiglitazone (4 mg b.i.d.), metformin (1 g b.i.d.) or placebo in a 26-week double-blinded trial. Myocardial glucose uptake was measured using [(18)F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([(18)F]FDG) and positron emission tomography (PET) during euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemia before and after the treatment. RESULTS: Rosiglitazone increased insulin-stimulated myocardial glucose uptake by 38% (from 38.7 +/- 3.4 to 53.3 +/- 3.6 micromol 100 g(-1) min(-1), P = 0.004) and whole body glucose uptake by 36% (P = 0.01), while metformin treatment had no significant effect on myocardial (40.5 +/- 3.5 vs. 36.6 +/- 5.2, NS) or whole body glucose uptake. Myocardial work as determined by the rate-pressure-product was similar between the groups. Neither treatment had any significant effect on fasting serum free fatty acids (FFA) but the FFA levels during hyperinsulinaemia were more suppressed in the rosiglitazone group (-47%, P = 0.02). Myocardial glucose uptake correlated inversely to FFA concentrations both before (r =-0.54, P = 0.002) and after (r = -0.43, P = 0.01) the treatment period in the pooled data. Furthermore, the increase in myocardial glucose uptake correlated inversely with interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations (r = -0.58, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: In addition to the improvement in whole body insulin sensitivity, rosiglitazone treatment enhances insulin stimulated myocardial glucose uptake in patients with Type 2 diabetes, most probably due to its suppression of the serum FFAs. 相似文献
20.
Marco Gerlinger Sergio A Quezada Karl S Peggs Andrew JS Furness Rosalie Fisher Teresa Marafioti Vishvesh H Shende Nicholas McGranahan Andrew J Rowan Steven Hazell David Hamm Harlan S Robins Lisa Pickering Martin Gore David L Nicol James Larkin Charles Swanton 《The Journal of pathology》2013,231(4):424-432
The recognition of cancer cells by T cells can impact upon prognosis and be exploited for immunotherapeutic approaches. This recognition depends on the specific interaction between antigens displayed on the surface of cancer cells and the T cell receptor (TCR), which is generated by somatic rearrangements of TCR α‐ and β‐chains (TCRb). Our aim was to assess whether ultra‐deep sequencing of the rearranged TCRb in DNA extracted from unfractionated clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) samples can provide insights into the clonality and heterogeneity of intratumoural T cells in ccRCCs, a tumour type that can display extensive genetic intratumour heterogeneity (ITH). For this purpose, DNA was extracted from two to four tumour regions from each of four primary ccRCCs and was analysed by ultra‐deep TCR sequencing. In parallel, tumour infiltration by CD4, CD8 and Foxp3 regulatory T cells was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and correlated with TCR‐sequencing data. A polyclonal T cell repertoire with 367–16 289 (median 2394) unique TCRb sequences was identified per tumour region. The frequencies of the 100 most abundant T cell clones/tumour were poorly correlated between most regions (Pearson correlation coefficient, –0.218 to 0.465). 3–93% of these T cell clones were not detectable across all regions. Thus, the clonal composition of T cell populations can be heterogeneous across different regions of the same ccRCC. T cell ITH was higher in tumours pretreated with an mTOR inhibitor, which could suggest that therapy can influence adaptive tumour immunity. These data show that ultra‐deep TCR‐sequencing technology can be applied directly to DNA extracted from unfractionated tumour samples, allowing novel insights into the clonality of T cell populations in cancers. These were polyclonal and displayed ITH in ccRCC. TCRb sequencing may shed light on mechanisms of cancer immunity and the efficacy of immunotherapy approaches. Copyright © 2013 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献