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61.
ABSTRACT. At 10 years of age, all 223 children in a school district underwent a physical examination and a screening for vision and hearing defects within the school health services. The purpose of the study was to detect health problems of importance for the day-to-day functioning of the child. In 26.1% significant deviations were found. Physical disorders comprised 11.7%, visual defects 11.7% and auditory impairment 2.7%. The vast majority of significant health problems were previously known and in only 4.4% of the 223 children newly detected, 0.9% by the physical examination, 2.7% by the vision screening and 0.9% by the auditory screening. The most frequent health problem of all was allergy in 13.5%, in 5.4% regarded as functionally important. Minor orthopaedic deviations and motor disturbances were common but not often considered to affect the functioning of the child significantly. As a whole, the children's health was very good and the outcome of the physical examination at this age was not impressive. It is evident that the physician's role in the school health system needs to be reconsidered. 相似文献
62.
ABSTRACT: Jodl, J., Kornfalt, R. and Svenningsen, N. YV. (The Motol Paediatric Clinic, University of Prague, Prague, Czechoslovakia, and the Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden). Chymotryptic activity in stool of low birth weight infants in the first week of life. Acta Paediatr Scand, 64:619, 1975.–Pancreatic enzyme activity in low birth weight (LBW) infants during the first postnatal week has been evaluated by analysing the chymotrypsin content of 198 stool specimens from 42 LBW infants with birth weights ranging between 750 and 2570 g. A wide variation in chymotryptic activity yet with a tendency to initially low values with a peak on the third day after birth was found. Small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants had significantly lower values than appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) infants. This is considered due to intra-uterine malnutrition with secondary pancreatic dysfunction in SGA infants. In screening program for cystic fibrosis or other defects of exocrine pancreatic activity, low stool chymotrypsin values cannot be considered pathological until after the fourth day of life. 相似文献
63.
G. HARSTEN K. PRELLNER J. HELDRUP O. KALM R. KORNFÄLT 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》1990,79(4):402-409
ABSTRACT. Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in small children account for a considerable proportion of health care expenditure. In 113 children, followed for the first three years of life, we studied the frequency of acute RTI and its relationship to the factors: type of day-care, age, sex, family size, living conditions, allergic predisposition, family smoking habits, and season. To elucidate the influence of age, the frequency of acute RTI and its relationship to type of day-care was longitudinally studied on a quarterly basis. The frequency of acute RTI diagnosis increased gradually from birth culminating in a peak at the beginning of the second year. Besides age and season, type of day-care was the only factor studied to show any relationship with the frequency of acute RTI diagnosis. Up to the age of almost 2 1/2 years, children attending day-care centres accounted for more RTI diagnoses than did those in home care or family day-care, categories with comparable frequncies. 相似文献
64.
A Fornasieri S Tazzari M Li S Armelloni LT Tarelli A Sessa G D'Amico 《American journal of kidney diseases》1998,31(3):435-442
Cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis is particularly frequent in type II mixed IgMk-IgG cryoglobulinemia. The typical form is a membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with a particular monocyte infiltration. In the most severe cases, there is occlusion of the capillary lumina by the same immunoglobulin constituents of the cryoprecipitate. While it is generally accepted that the "hyaline thrombi" are endoluminal aggregates of IgG-IgM immune complexes, probably favored by high endocapillary concentration of cryoglobulins, the modality of generation has not been studied. To study the dynamic formation of such "thrombi," we reproduced an experimental model of cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis in mice by injecting them twice a day for 3 days with 4 mg human IgMk-IgG cryoglobulins previously solubilized at 37 degrees C. The dynamic formation of immunodeposits was studied by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. After 1 day, only mesangial deposits were found; after 3 days, in addition to mesangial deposition, all the capillary lumina were occluded by huge electron-dense bodies. To look for and quantify the contacts between such "thrombi" and mesangial or subendothelial deposits, we obtained serial, ultrathin, 0.5-microm sections that allowed us to reconstruct the whole glomerular tuft. Within each serial section, there was continuity between hyaline thrombi and mesangial or subendothelial deposits ranging from 80% to 85% of the capillary loops. The percentage was 100% for two adjacent serial sections. In conclusion, our data demonstrate directly for the first time that hyaline thrombi follow mesangial deposits. The high percentage of contacts between thrombi and mesangial or subendothelial deposits suggests that they result from in situ build-up of true huge endoluminal immunodeposits after saturation of the clearance capacity of the mesangium. 相似文献
65.
蒙医诊断学是具有较强理论性和实践性的学科,这一特点要求我们在蒙医诊断学的教学方法上,既要重视理论教学,又要重视临床教学;既要传授知识,又要培养实际动手能力。 相似文献
66.
马缨丹叶的化学成分研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
自马缨丹(Lantana camara L.)叶中分离到六个化合物。经光谱(UV,IR,MS,1HNMR,13CNMR)和化学分析,分别鉴定为齐墩果酮酸(oleanonic acid,Ⅰ),马缨丹甲素(lantadene A,Ⅱ),马缨丹乙素(lantadene B,Ⅲ),lantanilic acid(Ⅳ),icterogenin(Ⅴ)和4′,5-二羟基-3,7-二甲氧基黄酮-4′-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(4′,5-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone-4′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,Ⅵ)。Ⅵ是新化合物,命名为马缨丹黄酮甙(camaroside)。 相似文献
67.
Simulated pulmonary nodules: detection with dual-energy digital versus conventional radiography 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Niklason LT; Hickey NM; Chakraborty DP; Sabbagh EA; Yester MV; Fraser RG; Barnes GT 《Radiology》1986,160(3):589-593
Performance of a prototype dual-energy digital chest radiography unit in detecting calcified and noncalcified simulated pulmonary nodules was compared with that of a highly optimized, conventional system. Nodules ranging in size (0.5, 1.0, and 1.6 cm), in number (five to 11), and in calcium content (0-25 mg) were superimposed over the lungs of a frozen, unembalmed, human chest phantom. For each technique, six observers examined 50 posteroanterior projections with different randomized nodule locations. Detection consisted of locating and assigning a level of confidence to each perceived nodular opacity. The resulting plots of the true-positive fraction versus the mean number of false-positive calls per projection indicate that for both calcified and noncalcified nodules, the digital unit performed significantly better (P less than .01). 相似文献
68.
Suppression of peroxisomal membrane protein defects by peroxisomal ATP binding cassette (ABC) proteins 总被引:8,自引:4,他引:4
Braiterman LT; Zheng S; Watkins PA; Geraghty MT; Johnson G; McGuinness MC; Moser AB; Smith KD 《Human molecular genetics》1998,7(2):239-247
X-Linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a neurodegenerative disorder
characterized by reduced peroxisomal very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA)
beta-oxidation. The X - ALD gene product (ALDP) is a peroxisomal
transmembrane protein with an ATP binding cassette (ABC). ALDP and three
other ABC proteins (PMP70, ALDR, P70R) localize to the peroxisomal
membrane. The function of this family of peroxisomal membrane proteins is
unknown. We used complementation studies to begin analysis of their role in
VLCFA beta-oxidation and on the peroxisomal membrane. Expression of either
ALDP or PMP70 restores VLCFA beta- oxidation in X-ALD fibroblasts,
indicating overlapping functions. Their expression also restores peroxisome
biogenesis in cells that are deficient in the peroxisomal membrane protein
Pex2p. Thus it is likely that complex protein interactions are involved in
the function and biogenesis of peroxisomal membranes that may contribute to
disease heterogeneity.
相似文献
69.
ABSTRACT. Children's utilization of curative care was studied to analyse the division of responsibilities between undifferentiated primary care and specialized care. All chronically ill ( n = 510), a control group ( n = 287) and the total population 0–15 years of age ( n = 6080) in a primary care district were studied using register data. Chronically ill children comprised 8.4% of the total child population and were registered for 1/10 of the primary health care visits, 1/3 of the specialized visits, 1/3 of the hospitalizations and 112 of the in-patient days of all children. The yearly ambulatory visits were 3.7/child in the chronically ill and 1.5/child in the control group, of which 1/3 and 2/3, respectively, were to primary care. Utilization of specialized care increased with disability. Chronically ill children visited primary care mainly for acute respiratory infections but seldom for allergic or other chronic conditions. 相似文献
70.